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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Troubleshooting | 30% | - Application and networking debugging - Cluster component troubleshooting |
| Services & Networking | 20% | - Ingress configuration - Network policies - Services (ClusterIP, NodePort, LoadBalancer) |
| Storage | 10% | - Storage classes - PersistentVolumes and PersistentVolumeClaims |
| Workloads & Scheduling | 15% | - ConfigMaps and Secrets - Scheduling constraints - Deployments and rolling updates |
| Cluster Architecture, Installation & Configuration | 25% | - High availability setup - Cluster installation and configuration - Kubernetes architecture components |
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NEW QUESTION # 14
List all the pods sorted by name
Answer:
Explanation:
kubect1 get pods --sort-by=.metadata.name
NEW QUESTION # 15
You must connect to the correct host.
Failure to do so may result in a zero score.
[candidate@base] $ ssh Cka000037
Context
A legacy app needs to be integrated into the Kubernetes built-in logging architecture (i.e.
kubectl logs). Adding a streaming co-located container is a good and common way to accomplish this requirement.
Task
Update the existing Deployment synergy-leverager, adding a co-located container named sidecar using the busybox:stable image to the existing Pod . The new co-located container has to run the following command:
/bin/sh -c "tail -n+1 -f /var/log/syne
rgy-leverager.log"
Use a Volume mounted at /var/log to make the log file synergy-leverager.log available to the co- located container .
Do not modify the specification of the existing container other than adding the required volume mount .
Failure to do so may result in a reduced score.
Answer:
Explanation:
Task Summary
* SSH into the correct node: cka000037
* Modify existing deployment synergy-leverager
* Add a sidecar container:
* Name: sidecar
* Image: busybox:stable
* Command:
/bin/sh -c "tail -n+1 -f /var/log/synergy-leverager.log"
* Use a shared volume mounted at /var/log
* Don't touch existing container config except adding volume mount
Step-by-Step Solution
1## SSH into the correct node
ssh cka000037
## Skipping this will result in a zero score.
2## Edit the deployment
kubectl edit deployment synergy-leverager
This opens the deployment YAML in your default editor (vi or similar).
3## Modify the spec as follows
# Inside the spec.template.spec, do these 3 things:
# A. Define a shared volume
Add under volumes: (at the same level as containers):
volumes:
- name: log-volume
emptyDir: {}
# B. Add volume mount to the existing container
Locate the existing container under containers: and add this:
volumeMounts:
- name: log-volume
mountPath: /var/log
# Do not change any other configuration for this container.
# C. Add the sidecar container
Still inside containers:, add the new container definition after the first one:
- name: sidecar
image: busybox:stable
command:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- "tail -n+1 -f /var/log/synergy-leverager.log"
volumeMounts:
- name: log-volume
mountPath: /var/log
spec:
containers:
- name: main-container
image: your-existing-image
volumeMounts:
- name: log-volume
mountPath: /var/log
- name: sidecar
image: busybox:stable
command:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- "tail -n+1 -f /var/log/synergy-leverager.log"
volumeMounts:
- name: log-volume
mountPath: /var/log
volumes:
- name: log-volume
emptyDir: {}
Save and exit
If using vi or vim, type:
bash
CopyEdit
wq
5## Verify
Check the updated pods:
kubectl get pods -l app=synergy-leverager
Pick a pod name and describe it:
kubectl describe pod <pod-name>
Confirm:
* 2 containers running (main-container + sidecar)
* Volume mounted at /var/log
ssh cka000037
kubectl edit deployment synergy-leverager
# Modify as explained above
kubectl get pods -l app=synergy-leverager
kubectl describe pod <pod-name>
NEW QUESTION # 16
Create a deployment as follows:
* Name: nginx-random
* Exposed via a service nginx-random
* Ensure that the service & pod are accessible via their respective DNS records
* The container(s) within any pod(s) running as a part of this deployment should use the nginx Image Next, use the utility nslookup to look up the DNS records of the service & pod and write the output to
/opt/KUNW00601/service.dns and /opt/KUNW00601/pod.dns respectively.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
Solution:
NEW QUESTION # 17
Create a deployment spec file that will:
* Launch 7 replicas of the nginx Image with the labelapp_runtime_stage=dev
* deployment name: kual00201
Save a copy of this spec file to /opt/KUAL00201/spec_deployment.yaml
(or /opt/KUAL00201/spec_deployment.json).
When you are done, clean up (delete) any new Kubernetes API object that you produced during this task.
Answer:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 18
You have a Deployment named 'web-app' running a web application with two pods. The web application is configured to access a database with the connection string stored in a ConfigMap named 'db- config'. You need to update the database connection string in the ConfigMap without restarting the pods.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Update the ConfigMap:
- Modify the 'db-config' ConfigMap to include the new connection string. This can be done using 'kubectl patch' or 'kubectl edit' commands. For instance, using 'kubectl patch':
kubectl patch configmap db-config -p '{"data": {"db-connection-string": "new-connection-string"}}'
2. Verify the Updated ConfigMap:
- Confirm the changes were applied to the ConfigMap by checking its data with 'kubectl get configmap db- config -o yaml':
kubectl get configmap db-config -o yaml
This should show the updated 'db-connection-string' value.
3. Observe the Pods:
- Monitor the pods in the 'web-app' Deployment. Since ConfigMaps are mounted as volumes, the updated connection string will automatically be available to the pods without any manual restarts. You can check the pods using get pods -l app=web-app'.
kubectl get pods -l app=web-app
4. Confirm Application Functionality:
- Verify that the web application is now using the updated database connection by performing relevant actions within the application, such as querying data or performing other operations.
NEW QUESTION # 19
......
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