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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Fundamentals of Testing | 20% | - Test activities, testware and roles - Essential skills and good practices - What is testing - Testing principles - Why testing is necessary |
| Topic 2: Test Analysis and Design | 30% | - White-box test techniques - Experience-based test techniques - Test techniques overview - Black-box test techniques - Collaboration-based approaches |
| Topic 3: Managing Test Activities | 22.5% | - Configuration management - Test planning - Monitoring, control and completion - Defect management - Risk-based testing |
| Topic 4: Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle | 15% | - Maintenance testing - Testing in SDLC contexts - Test types - Test levels |
| Topic 5: Static Testing | 10% | - Static testing basics - Review process and types |
| Topic 6: Test Tools and Automation | 2.5% | - Tool support for testing - Benefits and risks of automation |
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質問 # 289
Metrics can be collected during and at the end of testing activities to assess which of the following?
i. Progress against the planned schedule and budget.
ii . Current quality of the test object.
iii. Adequacy of the test approach.
iv . Effectiveness of the test activities with respect to the objectives.
v. All the above.
Select the correct answer:
正解：C
解説：
Metrics can be collected during and at the end of testing activities to assess various aspects including progress against the planned schedule and budget, the current quality of the test object, the adequacy of the test approach, and the effectiveness of the test activities with respect to the objectives. Collecting these metrics helps in understanding the overall performance and quality of the testing process.
質問 # 290
A new web app aims at offering a rich user experience. As a functional tester, you have run some functional tests to verify that, before releasing the app, such app works correctly on several mobile devices, all of which are listed as supported devices within the requirements specification. These tests were performed on stable and isolated test environments where you were the only user interacting with the application. All tests passed, but in some of those tests you observed the following issue: on some mobile devices only, the response time for two web pages containing images was extremely slow.
Based only on the given information, which of the following recommendation would you follow?
正解：D
解説：
As a functional tester, you should open a defect report providing detailed information on which devices and by running which tests you observed the issue. A defect report is a document that records the occurrence, nature, and status of a defect detected during testing, and provides information for further investigation and resolution. A defectreport should include relevant information such as the defect summary, the defect description, the defect severity, the defect priority, the defect status, the defect origin, the defect category, the defect reproduction steps, the defect screenshots, the defect attachments, etc. Opening a defect report is a good practice for any tester who finds a defect in the software system, regardless of the type or level of testing performed. The other options are not recommended, because:
* The issue is related to performance efficiency, not functionality, but that does not mean that as a functional tester, you should not open any defect report as all the functional tests passed. Performance efficiency is a quality characteristic that measures how well the software system performs its functions under stated conditions, such as the response time, the resource utilization, the throughput, etc.
Performance efficiency is an important aspect of the user experience, especially for web applications that run on different devices and networks. Even if the functional tests passed, meaning that the software system met the functional requirements, the performance issue observed on some devices could still affect the user satisfaction, the usability, the reliability, and the security of the software system. Therefore, as a functional tester, you have the responsibility to report the performance issue as a defect, and provide as much information as possible to help the developers or the performance testers to investigate and resolve it.
質問 # 291
If you are responsible for test analysis and test design what is your primary role in your team?
正解：A
質問 # 292
Which of the following is not an example of a typical generic skill required for testing?
正解：B
解説：
Test-driven development is not an example of a typical generic skill required for testing, but rather an example of a specific technical skill or a development practice that may or may not be relevant for testing, depending on the context and the objectives of the testing activities. Test-driven development is an approach to software development and testing, in which the developers write automated unit tests before writing the source code, and then refactor the code until the tests pass. Test-driven development can help to improve the quality, the design, and the maintainability of the code, as well as to provide fast feedback and guidance for the developers. However, test-driven development is not a skill that is generally expected or needed for testers, especially for testers who are not involved in unit testing or who do not have access to the source code. The other options are examples of typical generic skills required for testing, which are skills that are applicable and beneficial for testing in any context or situation, regardless of the specific testing techniques, tools, or methods used. The typical generic skills required for testing include:
* Be able to use test management tools and defect tracking tools: These are tools that help testers to plan, organize, monitor, and control the testing activities and resources, as well as to record, track, analyze, and resolve the defects detected during testing. These tools can improve the efficiency, the effectiveness, and the communication of the testing process, as well as to provide traceability, metrics, and reports for the testing outcomes.
* Be able to communicate defects and failures to developers as objectively as possible: This is a skill that involves the ability to report and describe the defects and failures found during testing in a clear, concise, accurate, and unbiased manner, using relevant information, evidence, and terminology, without making assumptions, judgments, or accusations. This skill can facilitate the collaboration, the understanding, and the resolution of the defects and failures between the testers and the developers, as well as to prevent conflicts, misunderstandings, or blame games.
* Possess the necessary social skills that support effective teamwork: These are skills that involve the ability to interact, cooperate, and coordinate with other people involved in or affected by the testing activities, such as the test manager, the test team, the project manager, the developers, the customers, the users, etc. These skills can include communication, negotiation, leadership, motivation, feedback, conflict resolution, etc. These skills can enhance the quality, the productivity, and the satisfaction of the testing process, as well as to foster a positive and constructive testing culture. References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 sources and documents:
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 1.1.1, Testing and the Software Development Lifecycle
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 1.1.2, Testing and Quality
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 1.2.1, Testing Principles
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 1.2.2, Testing Policies, Strategies, and Test Approaches
* ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, Test-driven Development, Test Management Tool, Defect Tracking Tool, Defect Report, Failure, Social Skill2
質問 # 293
Which ONE of the following statements does NOT describe how testing contributes to higher quality?
正解：B
解説：
* The testing of software does not demonstrate the absence of defects, but rather the presence of defects or the conformance of the software to the specified requirements1. Testing can never prove that the software is defect-free, as it is impossible to test all possible scenarios, inputs, outputs, and behaviors of the software2. Testing can only provide a level of confidence in the quality of the software, based on the coverage, effectiveness, and efficiency of the testing activities3.
* The other options are correct because:
* A. Properly designed tests that pass reduce the level of risk in a system, as they verify that the system meets the expected quality attributes and satisfies the needs and expectations of the users and clients4. Risk is the potential for loss or harm due to the occurrence of an undesirable event5. Testing can help to identify, analyze, prioritize, and mitigate the risks associated with the software product and project6.
* C. Software testing identifies defects, which can be used to improve development activities, as they provide feedback on the quality of the software and the effectiveness of the development processes7. Defects are flaws or errors in the software that cause it to deviate from the expected or required results or behavior. Testing can help to detect, report, track, and resolve the defects, and prevent them from recurring in the future.
* D. Performing a review of the requirement specifications before implementing the system can enhance quality, as it can ensure that the requirements are clear, complete, consistent, testable, and aligned with the needs and expectations of the users and clients. Requirements are the specifications of what the software should do and how it should do it. Testing can help to validate that the requirements are met by the software, and verify that the software is implemented according to the requirements.
References =
* 1 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 10
* 2 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 11
* 3 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 12
* 4 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 13
* 5 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 97
* 6 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 98
* 7 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 14
* [8] ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 15
* [9] ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 16
* [10] ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 17
* [11] ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 18
* [12] ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 19
質問 # 294
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