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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Python Programming Fundamentals | - Variables and data types - Operators and expressions - Syntax and basic structure |
| Functions and Modularity | - Function definition and scope - Modules and imports |
| File Handling and Exceptions | - Exception handling (try/except) - Reading and writing files |
| Debugging and Testing Basics | - Basic testing concepts - Error identification and correction |
| Data Structures | - Basic data manipulation - Lists, tuples, dictionaries |
| Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming | - Classes and objects - Basic OOP concepts |
| Control Flow | - Loops (for, while) - Conditional statements (if / elif / else) |
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NEW QUESTION # 55
Write a complete function word_count(text) that counts and returns the number of words in the given text.
Words are separated by spaces.
For example, word_count( " Hello world Python " ) should return 3.
def word_count(text):
# TODO: Count and return the number of words in text
pass
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: The function receives one string parameter named text.
Step 2: Since words are separated by spaces, use the .split() method to split the string into a list of words.
Step 3: Use len() to count how many items are in the list.
Step 4: Return that count.
Correct code:
def word_count(text):
return len(text.split())
Example:
print(word_count( " Hello world Python " ))
Output:
3
NEW QUESTION # 56
Complete the function format_name(first, last) that takes a first name and last name and returns them combined as " last, first " .
For example, format_name( " John " , " Smith " ) should return " Smith, John " .
def format_name(first, last):
# TODO: Return the name in " last, first " format
pass
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: The function receives two string parameters: first and last.
Step 2: The required format is the last name first, followed by a comma, a space, and then the first name.
Step 3: Use string concatenation to combine the values correctly.
Correct code:
def format_name(first, last):
return last + " , " + first
Example:
print(format_name( " John " , " Smith " ))
Output:
Smith, John
NEW QUESTION # 57
What does the string method ' ' .join() return when applied to the list [ ' Hello ' , ' World ' ]?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The string method join() combines the strings in an iterable using the string before .join() as the separator.
In this question, the separator is an empty string:
' ' .join([ ' Hello ' , ' World ' ])
Because the separator is empty, Python joins ' Hello ' and ' World ' directly together with no space or comma between them.
Result:
' HelloWorld '
The official Python documentation defines str.join() as returning a string made by joining the strings in the given iterable.
Therefore, the correct answer is B. ' HelloWorld ' .
NEW QUESTION # 58
A program uses this while loop to count down:
count = 5
while count > 0:
print(count)
Which issue is preventing the loop from working correctly?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The loop condition is:
while count > 0:
At the start, count is 5, so the condition is true. The program prints the value of count.
However, inside the loop, the value of count is never changed. That means count always stays 5, so the condition count > 0 is always true. As a result, the loop runs forever.
A corrected version would be:
count = 5
while count > 0:
print(count)
count = count - 1
This decreases count by 1 during each loop iteration. Eventually, count becomes 0, and the condition count >
0 becomes false.
Therefore, the correct answer isB. It runs infinitely because count is never modified.
NEW QUESTION # 59
Which keyword is used to exit a loop prematurely in Python?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The break keyword exits a loop immediately before the loop condition naturally becomes false or before all items have been processed.
Example:
for number in range(10):
if number == 5:
break
print(number)
When number becomes 5, the loop stops. Python's control-flow documentation explains the use of break in loops.
Therefore, the correct answer isB. break.
NEW QUESTION # 60
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