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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Learning Technologies | - Selecting and using learning technologies - Supporting technology-enabled learning |
| Training Delivery | - Facilitating learning - Delivering training and learning experiences |
| Talent Development Impact | - Demonstrating organizational impact - Evaluating learning and talent development |
| Instructional Design | - Designing learning experiences - Developing learning materials and activities |
| Talent Development Strategy and Management | - Supporting talent development strategy - Managing talent development programs |
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質問 # 88
A talent development (TD) professional is facilitating a workshop on managing stress. The TD professional inquires about what the participants would like to take away from the session, as well as what they would like to contribute. The TD professional uses this information to determine the material to be covered during the workshop. This is an example of which type of learning?
正解:D
解説:
This is an example of collaborative learning because participants help shape the learning experience by identifying both what they hope to gain and what knowledge or experience they can contribute.
Rather than positioning the facilitator as the sole source of information, the workshop draws on participant expertise and interests to determine relevant content. Participants therefore become contributors to the learning process and can learn both from the facilitator and from one another.
Social learning involves learning through observing and interacting with others and may overlap with collaboration, but the defining characteristic in this scenario is the group's active contribution to determining and developing the learning content. Informal learning occurs outside highly structured formal programs, while the scenario describes a facilitated workshop. Discovery learning emphasizes learners finding principles or solutions through exploration rather than specifically co-creating the learning agenda.
Collaborative learning is particularly appropriate for adult learners because they bring significant prior experience that can enrich the learning environment. The facilitator can use these experiences to make material more relevant while still ensuring that the workshop meets its intended objectives.
Study Guide Topics: Learning Sciences; collaborative learning; adult learning; learner contribution; facilitation.
質問 # 89
Which is the first step in identifying a performance gap?
正解:C
解説:
Performance analysis should begin with the business goal because the practitioner cannot meaningfully define desired performance until the organizational outcome is understood. The business goal establishes why performance matters and provides the reference point for determining what employees, teams, or processes must accomplish.
After the goal is defined, the TD professional can determine the performance required to support it, identify the current level of performance, and compare actual results with the desired state. That comparison reveals the performance gap. The practitioner can then analyze causes and determine which interventions are appropriate.
Beginning by comparing "ideal" and actual performance without first connecting ideal performance to the business goal risks optimizing activity that does not materially contribute to organizational results.
Stakeholder identification is important for analysis and implementation, but it is not the fundamental starting point for defining the gap. Likewise, determining which accomplishments are not being met requires an established business outcome against which those accomplishments can be assessed.
A business-centered approach ensures that talent development interventions address meaningful organizational performance rather than isolated learning activity.
Study Guide Topics: Performance Improvement; business goals; desired performance; performance-gap analysis; root-cause analysis.
質問 # 90
Which statement demonstrates the best use of applying adult learning theory in a coaching conversation?
正解:B
解説:
Adult learning principles emphasize self-direction, relevance, experience, readiness, and involvement in determining learning needs. Option D reflects those principles because the coach invites the individual to clarify personal goals and identify what support or learning is required to achieve them.
The question gives the learner ownership of the development process rather than immediately prescribing a solution. It also connects learning with a meaningful future objective, which increases relevance and motivation.
Option A diagnoses the problem before adequately exploring its causes and immediately prescribes a course.
Option B similarly places control with the coach by assigning training rather than involving the individual in selecting an appropriate development strategy. Option C provides a developmental assignment, but it does not demonstrate an adult-learning conversation in which the learner identifies needs and goals.
Effective coaching should encourage reflection through questions rather than simply provide instructions. By exploring where the individual wants to go and what is required to get there, the coach supports self-directed development and uses the learner's experience and aspirations as the basis for determining appropriate next steps.
Study Guide Topics: Coaching; adult learning theory; self-directed learning; goal setting; developmental conversations.
質問 # 91
Which type of project management document will prevent duplication of effort among the various project stakeholders?
正解:D
解説:
A work breakdown structure (WBS) decomposes the project's total scope into smaller deliverables, work packages, and tasks. By explicitly identifying what work must be completed, the WBS helps project stakeholders understand how responsibilities fit together and reduces the likelihood that multiple people unknowingly perform the same work.
A properly constructed WBS provides a common structural view of the project. Tasks can then be assigned to appropriate owners, estimated, scheduled, and monitored. This improves coordination, reveals missing work, and helps prevent both duplication and gaps.
A project schedule indicates when work should occur and may show dependencies, but it normally relies on work already identified elsewhere. A charter formally authorizes the project and outlines high-level purpose, objectives, stakeholders, and authority. A scope diagram may help visualize boundaries or relationships but does not decompose work systematically enough to manage task ownership.
The WBS therefore serves as a fundamental planning tool that translates project scope into manageable components. For TD initiatives involving instructional designers, facilitators, SMEs, developers, technology teams, and business stakeholders, this clarity is particularly important.
Study Guide Topics: Project Management; work breakdown structure; task ownership; project scope; coordination.
質問 # 92
A talent development (TD) professional has been asked to create a training program to address poor interpersonal communication within an information technology project team. The problem needs to be addressed as quickly as possible. Which is the best design theory for the TD professional to use?
正解:D
解説:
The Successive Approximation Model (SAM) is an iterative instructional-design approach that emphasizes rapid development, repeated prototyping, stakeholder collaboration, and continuous refinement. These characteristics make it particularly appropriate when an organization needs a learning solution quickly.
Rather than completing a long linear sequence before stakeholders see a developed product, SAM allows designers to create an initial version, obtain feedback, refine the solution, and repeat the cycle. For an urgent interpersonal-communication problem, the TD professional can rapidly test scenarios, activities, discussion structures, and practice exercises with representatives of the project team and make improvements based on feedback.
ADDIE provides a comprehensive framework of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation, but SAM specifically emphasizes iterative rapid development. Learner-centered instruction is an instructional orientation rather than a rapid development model. The theory of behavioral objectives focuses on specifying observable outcomes rather than providing a complete iterative design process.
The crucial requirement in the scenario is speed combined with the need to develop an effective program.
SAM supports both through short design-development cycles and early stakeholder involvement.
Study Guide Topics: Instructional Design; Successive Approximation Model; rapid prototyping; iterative design; agile development.
質問 # 93
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