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Linux Foundation CKA Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Troubleshooting30%- Understand how to monitor applications
- Troubleshoot networking
- Troubleshoot application failure
- Evaluate cluster and node logging
- Manage container stdout & stderr logs
- Troubleshoot cluster component failure
Cluster Architecture, Installation & Configuration25%- Understand extension interfaces (CNI, CSI, CRI, etc.)
- Use Helm and Kustomize to install cluster components
- Implement and configure a highly-available control plane
- Prepare underlying infrastructure for installing a Kubernetes cluster
- Understand CRDs, install and configure operators
- Create and manage Kubernetes clusters using kubeadm
- Manage role based access control (RBAC)
- Manage the lifecycle of Kubernetes clusters
Workloads & Scheduling15%- Use ConfigMaps and Secrets to configure applications
- Understand how scheduler works
- Understand Deployments and rolling update/rollback
- Understand resource limits and requests
- Use label selectors to schedule Pods
- Understand DaemonSets
- Understand Static Pods
- Understand how to run multiple schedulers and configure scheduler policies
Services & Networking20%- Understand connectivity between Pods
- Understand and use CoreDNS
- Define and enforce Network Policies
- Use the Gateway API to manage Ingress traffic
- Know how to use Ingress controllers and Ingress resources
- Use ClusterIP, NodePort, LoadBalancer service types and endpoints
Storage10%- Understand Storage Classes and Persistent Volumes
- Understand persistent volume claims primitive
- Understand how to configure applications with persistent storage
- Understand volume mode, access modes and reclaim policies

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Linux Foundation Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA) Program Exam Sample Questions (Q27-Q32):

NEW QUESTION # 27
Create a redis pod and expose it on port 6379

Answer: B


NEW QUESTION # 28
Score:7%

Context
An existing Pod needs to be integrated into the Kubernetes built-in logging architecture (e. g. kubectl logs).
Adding a streaming sidecar container is a good and common way to accomplish this requirement.
Task
Add a sidecar container named sidecar, using the busybox Image, to the existing Pod big-corp-app. The new sidecar container has to run the following command:
/bin/sh -c tail -n+1 -f /va r/log/big-corp-app.log
Use a Volume, mounted at /var/log, to make the log file big-corp-app.log available to the sidecar container.

Answer:

Explanation:
Solution:
#
kubectl get pod big-corp-app -o yaml
#
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: big-corp-app
spec:
containers:
- name: big-corp-app
image: busybox
args:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- >
i=0;
while true;
do
echo "$(date) INFO $i" >> /var/log/big-corp-app.log;
i=$((i+1));
sleep 1;
done
volumeMounts:
- name: logs
mountPath: /var/log
- name: count-log-1
image: busybox
args: [/bin/sh, -c, 'tail -n+1 -f /var/log/big-corp-app.log']
volumeMounts:
- name: logs
mountPath: /var/log
volumes:
- name: logs
emptyDir: {
}
#
kubectl logs big-corp-app -c count-log-1


NEW QUESTION # 29
Delete the pod without any delay (force delete)

Answer:

Explanation:
Kubect1 delete po "POD-NAME" --grace-period=0 --force


NEW QUESTION # 30
You must connect to the correct host.
Failure to do so may result in a zero score.
[candidate@base] $ ssh Cka000022
Task
Reconfigure the existing Deployment front-end in namespace spline-reticulator to expose port 80/tcp of the existing container nginx .
Create a new Service named front-end-svc exposing the container port 80/tcp .
Configure the new Service to also expose the individual Pods via a NodePort .

Answer:

Explanation:
Task Summary
* SSH into cka000022 #
* Modify an existing Deployment:
* Namespace: spline-reticulator
* Deployment: front-end
* Container: nginx
* Expose: port 80/tcp
* Create a Service:
* Name: front-end-svc
* Type: NodePort
* Port: 80 # container port 80
# Step-by-Step Solution
1## SSH into the correct node
ssh cka000022
## Skipping this = zero score
2## Edit the Deployment to expose port 80
kubectl edit deployment front-end -n spline-reticulator
Under containers: # nginx, add this if not present:
ports:
- containerPort: 80
protocol: TCP
# This enables the container to accept traffic on port 80.
3## Create a NodePort Service
Create a file named front-end-svc.yaml:
cat <<EOF > front-end-svc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: front-end-svc
namespace: spline-reticulator
spec:
type: NodePort
selector:
app: front-end
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
protocol: TCP
EOF
## Make sure the Deployment has a matching label selector like app: front-end. You can verify with:
kubectl get deployment front-end -n spline-reticulator -o yaml | grep labels -A 2
4## Apply the service
kubectl apply -f front-end-svc.yaml
5## Verify
Check if the service is created and has a NodePort assigned:
kubectl get svc front-end-svc -n spline-reticulator
# You should see something like:
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
front-end-svc NodePort 10.96.0.123 <none> 80:3XXXX/TCP 10s
Where 3XXXX is your automatically assigned NodePort (between 30000-32767).
Final Command Summary
ssh cka000022
kubectl edit deployment front-end -n spline-reticulator
# Add:
# ports:
# - containerPort: 80
cat <<EOF > front-end-svc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: front-end-svc
namespace: spline-reticulator
spec:
type: NodePort
selector:
app: front-end
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
protocol: TCP
EOF
kubectl apply -f front-end-svc.yaml
kubectl get svc front-end-svc -n spline-reticulator


NEW QUESTION # 31
Score:7%

Context
An existing Pod needs to be integrated into the Kubernetes built-in logging architecture (e. g. kubectl logs). Adding a streaming sidecar container is a good and common way to accomplish this requirement.
Task
Add a sidecar container named sidecar, using the busybox Image, to the existing Pod big-corp-app. The new sidecar container has to run the following command:
/bin/sh -c tail -n+1 -f /va r/log/big-corp-app.log
Use a Volume, mounted at /var/log, to make the log file big-corp-app.log available to the sidecar container.

Answer:

Explanation:
Solution:
#
kubectl get pod big-corp-app -o yaml
#
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: big-corp-app
spec:
containers:
- name: big-corp-app
image: busybox
args:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- >
i=0;
while true;
do
echo "$(date) INFO $i" >> /var/log/big-corp-app.log;
i=$((i+1));
sleep 1;
done
volumeMounts:
- name: logs
mountPath: /var/log
- name: count-log-1
image: busybox
args: [/bin/sh, -c, 'tail -n+1 -f /var/log/big-corp-app.log']
volumeMounts:
- name: logs
mountPath: /var/log
volumes:
- name: logs
emptyDir: {
}
#
kubectl logs big-corp-app -c count-log-1


NEW QUESTION # 32
......

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