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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Use specifications in procurement and supply | 20-25% | - Sources for developing specifications
|
| Topic 2: Stakeholder management in defining needs | 15-20% | - Align needs with organisational objectives
|
| Topic 3: Devise a business case for requirements sourced externally | 20-25% | - Influence of business needs on procurement decisions
|
| Topic 4: Market management in procurement and supply | 20-25% | - Analyse market structures and competition
|
| Topic 5: Legal and regulatory considerations | 10-15% | - Legislation affecting requirements definition
|
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NEW QUESTION # 50
Which of the following are likely to be disadvantages of using outcome-based specifications? Select THREE that apply
Answer: D,E,F
Explanation:
An Outcome Based Specification (OBS) focuses on the desired outcome of a service in business terms, rather than a detailed technical specification of how the service is to be provided; this allows providers scope to propose innovative solutions that might not have occurred to the procurement team. Outcome should be distinguished from output, which is the measurable results of a set of inputs. The example of difference between outcome and output is written at the bottom of page 123 in the study guide.
Outcomes should be the starting point in making new specification. However, using outcome-based specification has some setbacks:
- First, it is not easy to measure the outcomes. Usually, outcome of a project is a statement like 'increase customer satisfaction', 'maintain ambient temperature' or 'provide a convenient way to do something'. They are not easy to measure as output.
- Second, sometimes the desired outcomes require time to be materialised
- Third, outcomes can be ambiguous
NEW QUESTION # 51
A company has a lists of items that make up 15% of total spend. These items also do not largely impact on quality of final product. The supply continuity is secured. Which of the following will be the most appropriate managing approach to purchase these items?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Those items make up small portion of spend and the supply risk is low. So it is tactical item according to Kraljic portfolio matrix. Procurement should bundle these items into larger contracts, simplify procurement process.
LO 2, AC 2.1
NEW QUESTION # 52
Bob is a new procurement specialist at XYZ Ltd. He is assigned to categorise the company's sup-plies. After analysing, Bob realises that a group of low value products is sourced from a tiny geo-graphical area which is prone to flooding. What would be the best strategy to manage this category of products?
Answer: D
Explanation:
In the scenario, the products have low value and high risk of supply. This group is known as bottleneck or critical in Kraljic's portfolio matrix. The objective for such items would be securing the supply. The company can achieve this goal by 'making' the products themselves, or finding an alternative option.
Diagram Description automatically generated
Reference: CIPS study guide page 82-84
LO 2, AC 2.1
NEW QUESTION # 53
A buyer in Housing Authority is considering using performance specification in upcoming social housing project. What should buyer be aware when using this type of specification?
Answer: B
Explanation:
In construction, specifications are written documents that describe the materials and workmanship required for a development. They do not include cost, quantity or drawn information but need to be read alongside other contract documentation such as quantities, schedules and drawings.
Specifications vary considerably depending on the stage to which the design has been developed, ranging from performance (open) specifications that require further design by a contractor or sup-plier, to prescriptive (closed) specifications where the design is already complete when the project is tendered.
Prescriptive specifications give the client more certainty about the end product when they make their final investment decision (i.e. when they appoint the contractor), whereas a performance specification gives the contractor and suppliers more scope to innovate and adopt cost effective methods of work, potentially offering better value for money.
Typically, performance specifications are written on projects that are straight-forward, standard building types, whereas prescriptive specifications are written for more complex buildings, or buildings where the client has requirements that might not be familiar to contractors and where certainty regarding the exact nature of the completed development is more important to the client.
Performance specification has some disadvantages:
- Well-defined performance metrics are needed to ensure that the specified performance will achieve the desired outcome
- Require reliable, practical, economical tests of performance
- Evaluations are subjective and require additional time and effort to complete Therefore, if a performance specification is used, the buying organisation will have to ensure that they are able to define and conduct tests on whether supplier's solution can deliver the desired out-come.
NEW QUESTION # 54
ABC Ltd has recently set up a stationery contract with a large stationery provider, obtaining fixed prices on core stationery items. The brochures have been distributed within ABC Ltd and one of the key users wants to order a corner desk and office chair from the brochure. Is this within scope?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 55
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