Latest Microsoft - GH-500 - Actual GitHub Advanced Security Test Answers

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Microsoft GH-500 Exam Syllabus Topics:

TopicDetails
Topic 1
  • Configure and use Code Scanning with CodeQL: This domain measures skills of Application Security Analysts and DevSecOps Engineers in code scanning using both CodeQL and third-party tools. It covers enabling code scanning, the role of code scanning in the development lifecycle, differences between enabling CodeQL versus third-party analysis, implementing CodeQL in GitHub Actions workflows versus other CI tools, uploading SARIF results, configuring workflow frequency and triggering events, editing workflow templates for active repositories, viewing CodeQL scan results, troubleshooting workflow failures and customizing configurations, analyzing data flows through code, interpreting code scanning alerts with linked documentation, deciding when to dismiss alerts, understanding CodeQL limitations related to compilation and language support, and defining SARIF categories.
Topic 2
  • Configure and use secret scanning: This domain targets DevOps Engineers and Security Analysts with the skills to configure and manage secret scanning. It includes understanding what secret scanning is and its push protection capability to prevent secret leaks. Candidates differentiate secret scanning availability in public versus private repositories, enable scanning in private repos, and learn how to respond appropriately to alerts. The domain covers alert generation criteria for secrets, user role-based alert visibility and notification, customizing default scanning behavior, assigning alert recipients beyond admins, excluding files from scans, and enabling custom secret scanning within repositories.
Topic 3
  • Describe the GHAS security features and functionality: This section of the exam measures skills of Security Engineers and Software Developers and covers understanding the role of GitHub Advanced Security (GHAS) features within the overall security ecosystem. Candidates learn to differentiate security features available automatically for open source projects versus those unlocked when GHAS is paired with GitHub Enterprise Cloud (GHEC) or GitHub Enterprise Server (GHES). The domain includes knowledge of Security Overview dashboards, the distinctions between secret scanning and code scanning, and how secret scanning, code scanning, and Dependabot work together to secure the software development lifecycle. It also covers scenarios contrasting isolated security reviews with integrated security throughout the development lifecycle, how vulnerable dependencies are detected using manifests and vulnerability databases, appropriate responses to alerts, the risks of ignoring alerts, developer responsibilities for alerts, access management for viewing alerts, and the placement of Dependabot alerts in the development process.
Topic 4
  • Configure and use Dependabot and Dependency Review: Focused on Software Engineers and Vulnerability Management Specialists, this section describes tools for managing vulnerabilities in dependencies. Candidates learn about the dependency graph and how it is generated, the concept and format of the Software Bill of Materials (SBOM), definitions of dependency vulnerabilities, Dependabot alerts and security updates, and Dependency Review functionality. It covers how alerts are generated based on the dependency graph and GitHub Advisory Database, differences between Dependabot and Dependency Review, enabling and configuring these tools in private repositories and organizations, default alert settings, required permissions, creating Dependabot configuration files and rules to auto-dismiss alerts, setting up Dependency Review workflows including license checks and severity thresholds, configuring notifications, identifying vulnerabilities from alerts and pull requests, enabling security updates, and taking remediation actions including testing and merging pull requests.
Topic 5
  • Describe GitHub Advanced Security best practices, results, and how to take corrective measures: This section evaluates skills of Security Managers and Development Team Leads in effectively handling GHAS results and applying best practices. It includes using Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) and Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) identifiers to describe alerts and suggest remediation, decision-making processes for closing or dismissing alerts including documentation and data-based decisions, understanding default CodeQL query suites, how CodeQL analyzes compiled versus interpreted languages, the roles and responsibilities of development and security teams in workflows, adjusting severity thresholds for code scanning pull request status checks, prioritizing secret scanning remediation with filters, enforcing CodeQL and Dependency Review workflows via repository rulesets, and configuring code scanning, secret scanning, and dependency analysis to detect and remediate vulnerabilities earlier in the development lifecycle, such as during pull requests or by enabling push protection.

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Microsoft GitHub Advanced Security Sample Questions (Q124-Q129):

NEW QUESTION # 124
Which details do you have to provide to create a custom pattern for secret scanning? Each answer presents part of the solution. (Choose two.)

Answer: B,C

Explanation:
Defining a custom pattern for an organization
Before defining a custom pattern, you must ensure that you enable secret scanning for the repositories that you want to scan in your organization. You can use security configurations to enable secret scanning on all repositories in your organization.
1. In the upper-right corner of GitHub, click your profile picture, then click Your organizations.
2. Next to the organization, click Settings.
3. In the "Security" section of the sidebar, select the Advanced Security dropdown menu, then click Global settings.
4. Under "Custom patterns", click New pattern.
*-> 5. Enter the details for your new custom pattern. You must at least provide the name for your pattern, and a regular expression for the format of your secret pattern.
Example:


NEW QUESTION # 125
Secret scanning will ignore a secret_scanning.yml file that

Answer: A

Explanation:
Excluding folders and files from secret scanning
You can customize secret scanning to automatically close alerts for secrets found in specific directories or files by configuring a secret_scanning.yml file in your repository.
* If there are more than 1,000 entries in paths-ignore, secret scanning will only exclude the first
1,000 directories from scans.
* If secret_scanning.yml is larger than 1 MB, secret scanning will ignore the entire file.


NEW QUESTION # 126
What filter or sort settings can be used to prioritize the secret scanning alerts that present the most risk?

Answer: A

Explanation:
The best way to prioritize secret scanning alerts is to filter by active secrets --- these are secrets GitHub has confirmed are still valid and could be exploited. This allows security teams to focus on high-risk exposures that require immediate attention.


NEW QUESTION # 127
What are Dependabot security updates?

Answer: B

Explanation:
Dependabot security updates are a feature that automatically generates pull requests to update vulnerable dependencies in your repositories. This helps you keep your projects secure by addressing known vulnerabilities in your project's dependencies. When Dependabot detects a vulnerable dependency, it creates a pull request to update the dependency to a secure version, streamlining the process of patching vulnerabilities.
Note:
Automated Pull Requests:
Dependabot automatically creates pull requests when it identifies a security vulnerability in your project's dependencies.
Vulnerable Dependency Updates:
These pull requests are specifically designed to update the vulnerable dependency to the latest secure version or a version that includes the necessary security patches.


NEW QUESTION # 128
Which of the following is required to block the merge of a pull request containing critical vulnerabilities? Each correct answer presents part of the solution. (Choose two.)

Answer: B,D

Explanation:
Set code scanning merge protection
You can use rulesets to set code scanning merge protection for pull requests.
You can use rulesets to prevent pull requests from being merged when one of the following conditions is met:
A required tool found a code scanning alert of a severity that is defined in a ruleset.
A required code scanning tool's analysis is still in progress.
A required code scanning tool is not configured for the repository.
Note:
Creating a merge protection ruleset for a repository
1. On GitHub, navigate to the main page of the repository.
2. Under your repository name, click Settings. If you cannot see the "Settings" tab, select the dropdown menu, then click Settings.
3. In the left sidebar, under "Code and automation," click Rules, then click Rulesets.
4. Click New ruleset.
5. To create a ruleset targeting branches, click New branch ruleset.
6. Under "Ruleset name," type a name for the ruleset.
7. Optionally, to change the default enforcement status, click Disabled and select an enforcement status.
8. Under "Branch protections", select Require code scanning results.
9. Under "Required tools and alert thresholds", click Add tool and select a code scanning tool with the dropdown. For example, "CodeQL".
10. Next to the name of a code scanning tool:
Click Alerts and select one of: None, Errors, Errors and Warnings or All.
Click Security alerts and select one of: None, Critical, High or higher, Medium or higher, or All.


NEW QUESTION # 129
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