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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|
| Topic 1: Understand how commercial negotiations should be undertaken | 30% | - Stages of negotiation
- 1. Opening, exploring, bargaining, closing and implementing
- Tactics and influencing methods
- 1. Persuasion and influencing techniques
- 2. Managing concessions and deadlocks
- 3. Cultural and ethical considerations
- Review and improvement
- 1. Evaluating results and performance
- 2. Documenting agreements and lessons learned
- Communication skills
- 1. Active listening and questioning
- 2. Non-verbal communication and emotional intelligence
|
| Topic 2: Understand key approaches in the negotiation of commercial agreements with external organisations | 35% | - Types of negotiation approaches
- 1. Pragmatic and principled negotiation styles
- 2. Distributive / competitive (win-lose)
- 3. Collaborative / integrative (win-win)
- 4. BATNA, target setting and reservation price
- Power dynamics in negotiation
- 1. Sources of power and influence
- 2. Impact of power balance on outcomes
- 3. Relationship types and their effect on negotiation
- Application of commercial negotiations in procurement and supply
- 1. Definitions and purpose of commercial negotiation
- 2. Sources and management of conflict
- 3. Position within the CIPS procurement cycle
- 4. Team and stakeholder management in negotiation
|
| Topic 3: Know how to prepare for negotiations with external organisations | 35% | - Negotiation criteria and objectives
- 1. Prioritising issues and trade-offs
- 2. Defining measurable outcomes
- Planning and resources
- 1. Team roles and preparation plans
- 2. Information gathering and market intelligence
- Cost and price analysis
- 1. Cost modelling and price analysis techniques
- 2. Types of costs and pricing structures
- Economic and market factors
- 1. Inflation, exchange rates and risk factors
- 2. Supply and demand conditions
- 3. Market structure and competition
|
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CIPS Commercial Negotiation Sample Questions (Q348-Q353):
NEW QUESTION # 348
In which of the following scenarios could you adopt a distributive-based negotiation approach?
- A. When procuring a widely available commodity item which is not strategic to your organisation
- B. When determining costs to incorporate a unique product into your design with the patent holder
- C. When asking for changes to the provision of a strategic service provided by a monopoly supplier
- D. When your organisation is dependent on a supplier for delivery of a large contract in the future
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 349
Procurement team is required to improve leverage with their suppliers through spend consolidation. To check whether there is any opportunity to consolidate spend, which of the following should be priority of procurement team?
- A. Total cost analysis
- B. Spend analysis
- C. Value engineering
- D. Price analysis
Answer: B
Explanation:
In order to identify opportunities where you can increase your leverage with supplier, you need to understand your spend. Undertaking spend analysis of your accounts payable (AP) data is an essential first step here.
NEW QUESTION # 350
Which of the following are most likely to help buyer become preferred customer in supplier's perspective?
Select TWO that apply.
- A. Reduction in delivery errors
- B. Compliance with agreed repair lead time
- C. Shorter payment period
- D. Ensuring an increased number of repeat orders
- E. Onerous supplier terms and conditions
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
Becoming a preferred customer to supplier's perspective can increase the purchaser's leverage in negotiation.
Beside the size of buying organisation or its spend, the following may be sufficient to differentiate the buyer from other buying organisations:
- Simple procurement processes
- Simple contracting processes
- Clear and concise documentation
- Absence of onerous supplier terms and conditions (onerous supplier terms and conditions mean that obligations imposed on suppliers are greater than their gains)
- On-time payment: The reduction in hassle for both supplier and the buyer, if bills are paid on time, is significant. From the customer's perspective it could also be the opener to agreeing preferential payment terms. A supplier may weigh up that payment on time at 60 days is worth taking, over the current 30-day terms that slip to 90 days and beyond.
-Transparent processes
- Ethical behavior
LO 1, AC 1.3
NEW QUESTION # 351
Cost and price analysis is very important for buyers when they are preparing for a negotiation with supplier.
Which of the following is a benefit of knowing supplier's fixed costs?
- A. The buyer would be able to know the point at which the supplier would reject the offer
- B. The buyer would be able to get a comprehensive picture of supplier's efficiency
- C. The buyer would be able to know the right volume to reach break-even point
- D. With the sole understanding of supplier's fixed cost, the buyer would be able to know the volume at which supplier maximises their profit in short-run
Answer: C
Explanation:
Knowing supplier's fixed and variable costs is beneficial for the buyer in a negotiation. With these insights, the buyer would know the volume at which the supplier reaches break-even points and then offers significant discount due to economies of scale.
NEW QUESTION # 352
Which type of power is considered the opposite of coercive power?
- A. Reward power
- B. Referent power
- C. Informational power
- D. Expert power
Answer: A
Explanation:
The coercive power comes from the belief that a person can punish others for non-compliance. It can be considered as opposite to reward power, which results from one person's ability to compensate or reward another for compliance.
LO 1, AC 1.3
NEW QUESTION # 353
......
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