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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Preparing for Test Automation | 14% | - Identifying automation opportunities and constraints - Cost, effort and ROI analysis - Assessing system testability and architecture - Evaluating and selecting test tools |
| Topic 2: Implementing Test Automation | 11% | - Planning and running pilot projects - Handling synchronization, stability and reliability - Managing technical debt - Developing and maintaining automation components |
| Topic 3: Reporting and Metrics | 12% | - Reporting to stakeholders - Collecting and analyzing data - Visualization and dashboards - Defining relevant automation metrics |
| Topic 4: Verifying the Test Automation Solution | 12% | - Validating test suite correctness - Assessing quality and reliability of automation - Verifying automation code and infrastructure |
| Topic 5: Introduction and Objectives for Test Automation | 5% | - Roles and responsibilities of a Test Automation Engineer - Test automation in software development lifecycle models - Purpose, benefits and limitations of test automation |
| Topic 6: Test Automation Architecture | 15% | - Interoperability and integration concepts - Layered frameworks and separation of concerns - Design principles and patterns for automation - Generic Test Automation Architecture (gTAA) |
| Topic 7: Implementation and Deployment Strategies | 12% | - Configuration management and version control - Integration with CI/CD pipelines - Test data management approaches - Test execution strategies and environment management |
| Topic 8: Continuous Improvement | 19% | - Streamlining and maintaining test assets - Adapting to new technologies and requirements - Upgrading tools and frameworks - Refactoring and optimizing automation |
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NEW QUESTION # 75
Which of the following information in API documentation is LEAST relevant for implementing automated tests on that API?
Answer: B
Explanation:
To implement automated API tests, TAE emphasizes that testers need precise, actionable interface specifications: what endpoints exist, what inputs they accept, how to authenticate/authorize requests, and what outputs are returned (status codes, headers, response body schemas/formats). Options B, C, and D directly support test design and implementation: parameter details enable valid/invalid request construction and boundary coverage; authentication mechanisms are required to execute any protected calls and to test auth- related behaviors; response formats enable robust assertions (including schema validation). Release notes and change logs are valuable for understanding evolution, migration, and backward compatibility considerations, but they are not typically required to implement the tests for the current API behavior when the current specification is available. They may help explain why something changed or guide test updates over time, yet they are less directly relevant to writing the core automated checks compared with endpoint inputs, auth, and response structure. Therefore, among the options, past release notes/change logs are the least relevant for implementing automated tests on the API.
NEW QUESTION # 76
An automated test case that should always pass sometimes passes and sometimes fails intermittently (non- deterministic behavior) when executed in the same test environment, even if no code (i.e., SUT code or the test automation code) has been changed. Which of the following statements about the root cause of this non- deterministic behavior is TRUE?
Answer: B
Explanation:
TAE treats non-deterministic (flaky) test behavior as a symptom that can originate from multiple sources:
timing and synchronization issues, race conditions, concurrency, environmental variability (resource contention, network latency), unstable test data, third-party dependencies, or hidden state leakage between tests. Because these causes often span boundaries-application code, infrastructure, deployment configuration, test tooling, and data pipelines-finding the true root cause frequently requires collaboration beyond the TAE role. Developers may need to inspect application logs, thread behavior, and recent architectural assumptions; system engineers may need to analyze resource saturation, container orchestration events, network anomalies, or environment drift. Option A is too specific and assertive: the root cause is not necessarily a race condition, and logs may not be sufficient to identify it. Option C is incorrect because no code change does not imply the environment is the only cause; flaky behavior can stem from hidden nondeterminism in the system or tests that is always present but only sometimes triggers. Option D is also incorrect; intermittent failures are often harder to diagnose than consistent deterministic failures because evidence is less reproducible. Therefore, the true statement is that determining the root cause may require support from developers and system engineers in addition to the TAE.
NEW QUESTION # 77
You are employed as a TAE on a project to build a purchasing system. The main requirements for the system are:
1) Allow users to enter details of items that they wish to have purchased and, from these details, create a purchase request.
2) Take each purchase request through a workflow that will allow the requestor's line manager to approve the request, reject it, or return it for clarification/modification.
3) Forward approved requests to the Purchasing Department.
4) Allow purchasers to find the best available supplier and place the request on that supplier as a purchase order.
Requirement 1 has now been delivered and has been satisfactorily tested manually. In parallel, you have developed a TAS so that functional suitability testing can be automated.
The functional suitability testing of Requirement 1 has now been automated as fully as possible. A change to add audit logging of user activity is planned but has not yet been made. After a small change to the UI code, the last regression run contained a significant number of unexplained test failures. At the point each test stopped, the actual and expected results showed no discrepancies. In each case, the run was able to continue with the next test in the suite. Preliminary investigation showed that the points at which these tests stopped had nothing obvious in common.
Which option below contains the BEST next steps to investigate this?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The syllabus provides a particularly strong diagnostic rule for this situation. When an automated test reports a failure but the actual and expected states of the SUT match, the most likely explanations are a defect within the TAS or an otherwise invisible mismatch. Therefore, the existing TAS and execution logs should first be analyzed to identify where the automation itself malfunctioned. An environment outage is less consistent with the evidence because such outages can cause widespread failures associated with unavailable system components, whereas these failures occurred at apparently unrelated points and execution continued. Audit logging and correlation IDs can substantially improve later analysis, but the planned feature is not yet available and is not the immediate first diagnostic action. The current evidence therefore points first toward investigating TAS execution behavior.
(https://www.istqb.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ISTQB_CTAL-TAE_Syllabus_v2.0.pdf)
NEW QUESTION # 78
What outcome can happen as a result of a high level of test tool intrusion?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Test-tool intrusiveness occurs when the TAS interacts with or affects the SUT sufficiently that system behavior under automated testing differs from normal operational behavior. CTAL-TAE warns that close coupling between the TAS and SUT can influence functionality or performance. With a high degree of intrusion, failures may therefore appear during automated testing that would not be present in production.
Such false or automation-induced failures reduce confidence in the TAS and may force developers to reproduce failures manually before accepting them as genuine SUT defects. Although repeatability, configuration management, and test-data integrity are also relevant automation concerns, they are not the specific consequence identified for high tool intrusion. The syllabus explicitly identifies failures observed during testing but not evident in production as a possible outcome of excessive intrusiveness.
(https://www.istqb.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ISTQB_CTAL-TAE_Syllabus_v2.0.pdf)
NEW QUESTION # 79
(Which of the following statements about how test automation is applied across different software development lifecycle models is TRUE?)
Answer: B
Explanation:
TAE guidance emphasizes that Agile/iterative delivery drives frequent change and frequent regression risk, which often leads teams to expand automated regression suites over time. As suites grow, they can become slower, costlier to maintain, and harder to keep stable-especially if the suite is concentrated too heavily at the UI level. For this reason, TAE stresses investing in automation across multiple test levels (unit
/component, API/service, and selected UI), aligning with principles behind balanced automation strategies (often illustrated by the "test pyramid"). This directly supports option A. Option B is not generally true: in Waterfall/V-model, testing activities (including automation design and implementation) are planned and may start early, but execution and refinement occur across phases aligned with integration and system readiness- not "usually only during the last phase." Option C is too absolute: the test pyramid is a common heuristic, but TAE does not mandate it "regardless of context"; constraints like legacy systems, risk, architecture, and tooling can change the optimal distribution. Option D is incorrect because unit testing is typically a developer responsibility in both Agile and V-model contexts; testers may support, review, or contribute but do not
"write automated unit tests" as a defining V-model rule. Therefore, A best matches documented lifecycle realities and maintenance concerns.
NEW QUESTION # 80
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