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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Asset Operation, Maintenance and Performance | 25% | - Maintenance strategies: preventive, corrective, predictive - Compliance, health, safety and environmental requirements - Inventory and spare parts management - Asset reliability, availability and risk management - Asset utilization and performance monitoring |
| Topic 2: Asset Disposal and End-of-Life Management | 15% | - Disposal options: sell, reuse, recycle, donate, scrap - Data management and asset record keeping - Environmental and legal obligations in disposal - Asset valuation and residual value calculation |
| Topic 3: Sustainability, Ethics and Governance in Asset Management | 15% | - Ethical and responsible sourcing of assets - Sustainable asset management and ESG principles - Governance, standards and regulatory frameworks - Circular economy and asset lifecycle sustainability |
| Topic 4: Asset Planning and Acquisition | 25% | - Asset requirements definition and specification - Procurement processes for capital assets - Whole life costing and total cost of ownership - Options appraisal: buy, lease, rent, outsource, in-house - Contract types and supplier selection for assets |
| Topic 5: Principles of Whole Life Asset Management | 20% | - Value creation and whole life value concepts - Definition, scope and importance of asset management - Role and contribution of procurement in asset management - Asset lifecycle stages: planning, acquisition, operation, maintenance, disposal |
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質問 # 292
Which costs in the following list are categorised as operation costs in the total cost of ownership model?
Select TWO that apply.
正解:A、C
解説:
Costs of operating an asset can widely vary. The following table is an example from Guide to Total Cost of Ownership, New Zealand Government:
質問 # 293
In the periodic review system, the order quantity is the same for each order. Is this statement true?
正解:C
解説:
Fixed-Time Period System (or Periodic Review system) is the inventory management system in which inventory is checked in fixed time periods, T, and the quantity ordered varies. The system also contains a target inventory level, R, which is restored when order received. The order quantity is calculated as:
Q = R - IP
where: Q = order quantity
R = target inventory level
IP = inventory position
Inventory position (IP) is equal to inventory on-hand plus quantity on order minus backorder (if any) The order quantity varies because the inventory position at each review point differs from each other.
Diagram Description automatically generated with medium confidence
LO 2, AC 2.3
質問 # 294
Which of the following is an assumption of economic-order-quantity model?
正解:C
解説:
Economic order quantity (EOQ) model is the method that provides the company with an order quantity. This order quantity figure is where the record holding costs and ordering costs are mini-mized. By using this model, the companies can minimize the costs associated with the ordering and inventory holding. In 1913, Ford W.
Harris developed this formula whereas R. H. Wilson is given credit for the application and in-depth analysis on this model.
If the economic order quantity model is applied, the following assumptions should be met:
- The rate of demand is constant, and total demand is known in advance.
- The ordering cost is constant.
- The unit price of inventory is constant, i.e., no discount is applied depending on order quantity.
- Delivery time is constant.
- Replacement of defective units is instantaneous.
- There is no safety stock level, i.e., the minimum stock level is zero.
- Restocking is made by the whole batch.
Because the demand and lead time are constant, no stockout events can occur.
Reference:
LO 2, AC 2.3
質問 # 295
A brewery sells its beer in aluminum cans. It recycles the cans by using contractors to collect and mold the used cans. This is an example of...?
正解:B
解説:
There are two main processes of recycling - open loop recycling and closed loop recycling.
Open Loop Recycling
Open loop recycling is a method that delays disposal by converting manufactured goods and spent materials into both new raw materials, which can be used for a manufacturing purpose, as a fuel source for a different manufacturing process and waste products.
Typically, materials recycled through open-loop recycling will be used for purposes different from their original purpose.
This means that the input into the recycling process is converted to a new raw material, which can be used as an input into another manufacturing process.
Materials in an open loop recycling process are treated using various forms of treatment including heat, chemical reactions, or physical crushing.
Closed Loop Recycling
Closed loop recycling is a process where waste is collected, recycled and then used again to make the same product it came from. This process is restorative and regenerative by design and aims to keep materials at their highest utility and value always.
Closed loop recycling is focused on resource sustainability, which means that recycling of a material can be done indefinitely without degradation of properties. In this case, conversion of the used product back to raw material allows repeated making of the same product, which helps hazardous waste generators reduce carbon footprint and achieve corporate sustainability initiatives.
Closed-loop recycling is common in specialized industries, such as the computer and battery industries, which use expensive or complex goods that cannot easily be broken down post-consumption into constituent materials.
A prime example of a closed-loop recycling process is the recycling of aluminum cans. Aluminum can be recycled to form new cans with little material degradation or waste creation.
Reference:
- Open Loop Vs Closed Loop Recycling
- CIPS study guide page 203
LO 3, AC 3.3
質問 # 296
Contracts for hire is a method for renting an item from a business that exists to provide items for use from time to time. A contract for hire has which of the following features?
正解:C
解説:
A contract for hire allows the hirer to use the item for an agreed period and rate, without ownership transferring. This option provides flexibility and avoids the financial commitment of ownership, aligning with whole-life asset management when short-term use or flexibility is more beneficial than purchase.
質問 # 297
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