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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Fundamental Concepts of Information Security | 15% | - Information security principles and definitions
|
| Auditing Principles and Practices | 30% | - Audit concepts and principles
|
| Information Security Controls (ISO/IEC 27002:2022) | 25% | - Control categories and implementation guidance
|
| Requirements of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 | 30% | - Support, operation, performance evaluation and improvement
|
>> PECB ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor-CN Ausbildungsressourcen <<
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234. Frage
情境 8：EsBank 自 9 月起為愛沙尼亞銀行業提供銀行和金融解決方案
2010年，該公司在全國擁有30家分行和100多台ATM機。
EsBank 在高度監管的行業中運營，必須遵守許多有關資料安全和隱私的法律和法規。他們需要透過實施技術和非技術控制來管理整個營運的資訊安全。 EsBank 決定實施基於 ISO/IEC 的 ISMS
27001，因為它提供了更好的安全性、更多的風險控制以及符合法律法規的關鍵要求。
在成功實施 ISMS 九個月後，EsBank 決定由獨立認證機構根據 ISO/IEC 27001 對其 ISMS 進行認證。
第一階段和第二階段審核是共同進行的，發現了一些不符合項。第一個不合格之處與 EsBank 的資訊標籤有關。該公司有資訊分類方案，但沒有資訊標籤程序。因此，需要相同保護等級的文件將被貼上不同的標籤（有時為機密，有時為敏感）。
考慮到所有文件也以電子方式存儲，不合格情況也影響了媒體處理。審計小組透過抽樣得出結論，200 個可移動媒體中有 50 個儲存了被錯誤分類為機密的敏感資訊。根據資訊分類方案，允許將機密資訊儲存在可移動媒體中，而嚴格禁止儲存敏感資訊。這標誌著另一個不合格之處。
他們起草了不合格報告，並與 EsBank 代表討論了審計結論，代表同意在兩個月內針對發現的不合格問題提交行動計劃。
EsBank 接受了審計組組長提出的解決方案。他們根據實體和電子格式的分類方案起草了資訊標籤程序，解決了不合格問題。可移動媒體程式也基於此程式進行了更新。
審計完成兩週後，EsBank 提交了總體行動計畫。在那裡，他們解決了檢測到的不合格問題以及採取的糾正措施，但沒有包括有關受影響的系統、控製或操作的任何詳細資訊。審核小組評估了該行動計劃並得出結論，該計劃將解決不合格問題。然而，EsBank 收到了不利的認證建議。
根據上述場景，回答以下問題：
根據情境 8，審核小組評估了行動計畫並得出結論，該計畫將解決檢測到的不符合項。這是可以接受的嗎？
Antwort: C
Begründung:
Yes, the audit team must evaluate the action plan and verify if it is appropriate for correcting the detected nonconformities. This is part of the auditor's responsibilities to ensure that the proposed actions adequately address the issues identified during the audit.
235. Frage
您是認證機構指派的 ISMS 審核小組組長，負責對資料中心客戶進行後續審核。
根據 ISO 19011:2018，後續審核的目的是要驗證下列哪一項？
Antwort: A
Begründung:
The purpose of a follow-up audit is to verify the completion and effectiveness of corrective actions taken by the auditee in response to the nonconformities identified in a previous audit1. A follow-up audit is a type of audit that is conducted after an initial audit, and it focuses on the specific areas where nonconformities were found and corrective actions were agreed upon2. A follow-up audit can be conducted as a separate audit or as part of a scheduled audit, depending on the nature and severity of the nonconformities and the audit programme objectives3.
The other options are not the purpose of a follow-up audit, but rather the purpose of other types of audits. For example:
* Option A is the purpose of a performance audit, which is a type of audit that evaluates the effectiveness of the management system in achieving its intended results4.
* Option B is the purpose of a compliance audit, which is a type of audit that verifies the conformity of the management system with the specified requirements, such as the ISMS objectives5.
* Option C is the purpose of a process audit, which is a type of audit that examines the inputs, activities, outputs, and interactions of a specific process within the management system, such as the risk treatment process.
236. Frage
您是認證機構審核員，負責對為 ICT 設施提供託管服務的客戶營運的資料中心進行 ISO/IEC 27001:2022 監督審核。
您和您的導遊目前位於客戶出租給客戶的私人套房之一。每間套房的出入均使用密碼鎖進行控制。每間套房也安裝了閉路電視。
每個套件內有三個資料櫃，客戶可以在其中放置關鍵任務伺服器和其他網路設備，例如交換器和路由器。
您注意到，雖然套房中的兩個櫃子已上鎖，但第三個櫃子卻未上鎖。你問導遊為什麼。他們回覆「這是因為客戶目前正在更換硬碟單元。他們的技術人員目前正在午休」。
接下來你應該採取哪三項行動？
Antwort: D,E,H
Begründung:
Leaving the cabinet unlocked while the technician is on a lunch break exposes the client's equipment and data to potential physical security risks, such as theft, damage, or tampering. This is a violation of the ISO/IEC 27001:2022 requirements for physical entry (control 7.2) and physical security monitoring (control 7.4), which aim to prevent unauthorized access to information processing facilities and assets. Therefore, the appropriate actions for the auditor are:
Raise an opportunity for improvement (OFI) suggesting that the cabinet doors are locked whenever clients leave their suites, even if they intend to return within a short time. This would enhance the security of the client's equipment and data, and reduce the likelihood of security incidents.
Review the CCTV records to ensure that only the client has accessed the cabinet since it was last confirmed as locked. This would verify the integrity and availability of the client's equipment and data, and identify any possible unauthorized access or interference.
With the permission of the guide, speak to the customer to confirm that they are in the process of swapping out a drive. This would validate the reason for leaving the cabinet unlocked, and assess the impact and risk of the activity on the client's information security.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 7.2, Physical entry
ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 7.4, Physical security monitoring
PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, page 19, Audit Process
PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, page 21, Audit Findings
237. Frage
您是一位審核小組組長，剛完成了對行動電信供應商的第三方審核。您正在準備審計報告，並即將完成標題為「保密」的部分。
您團隊中受訓的審核員會詢問您是否在任何情況下可以將機密報告發佈給第三方。
以下哪四個答案是錯的？
Antwort: B,C,F,G
Begründung:
The audit report is a confidential document that contains sensitive information about the auditee's ISMS and its performance. The audit team has a duty to protect the confidentiality of the audit report and only disclose it to authorized parties, such as the audit client, the certification body, and the accreditation body. Therefore, the following responses are false:
A: The audit team cannot decide to release the report to third parties without the consent of the audit client, as this would breach the confidentiality agreement and the audit code of conduct. The audit team should always inform the audit client before disclosing the report to any third party, and obtain their explicit, prior approval.
F: Not every auditor employed by the auditing organization can access the audit report, as this would violate the principle of need-to-know. Only auditors who are involved in the audit process, such as the audit team leader, the audit team members, the audit programme manager, and the certification decision maker, can access the audit report. Other auditors who are not related to the audit have no legitimate reason to access the report, and should be prevented from doing so by appropriate security measures.
G: The duty of confidentiality does not expire after a certain period of time, as this would compromise the trust and integrity of the audit process. The audit report remains confidential indefinitely, unless there is a legal or contractual obligation to disclose it, or the audit client agrees to release it. Third parties cannot access the audit report by making a subject access request, as this would infringe the privacy and data protection rights of the audit client and the auditee.
H: Subcontracted auditors are not considered to be third parties regarding confidentiality, as they are part of the audit team and have a contractual relationship with the auditing organization. Subcontracted auditors are typically bound by the same confidentiality agreement and audit code of conduct as the employed auditors, and have the same rights and responsibilities to access and protect the audit report.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 9.2, Internal audit
ISO/IEC 27006:2015, clause 7.2.3, Confidentiality
PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, page 22, Audit Report
PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, page 24, Audit Code of Conduct
238. Frage
下列哪一個選項關於審計計畫是正確的？
Antwort: A
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
B . Correct Answer:
Audit plans must remain flexible to adapt to unforeseen findings and risks.
ISO 19011:2018 specifies that audit planning should allow dynamic adjustments.
A . Incorrect:
Audit procedures are part of execution, not planning.
C . Incorrect:
The audit team, not top management, prepares the audit plan.
Relevant Standard Reference:
ISO 19011:2018 Clause 5.4 (Audit Planning Flexibility)
239. Frage
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