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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Standards and Concepts | 20% | - OSI and TCP/IP models - Network topologies and types - Common network protocols - Bandwidth, throughput, and latency |
| Addressing and Subnet Formats | 20% | - IPv6 addressing and prefixes - IPv4 addressing and subnetting - Subnet mask and CIDR notation - Public vs private IP and NAT |
| Diagnosing Problems | 15% | - Remote access methods (SSH, RDP, console) - Command-line utilities (ping, traceroute, nslookup) - Packet capture and analysis basics - Troubleshooting methodology |
| Infrastructure | 20% | - Wireless access points and SSIDs - Switching concepts and VLANs - Network device ports and status indicators - Routing concepts and default gateway |
| Security | 10% | - Firewall and access control principles - Common threats and vulnerabilities - Wireless security standards (WPA2/WPA3) - CIA triad and AAA model |
| Endpoints and Media Types | 15% | - Connectivity verification tools - Wired, wireless, and cellular technologies - Network cables and connectors - Endpoint devices and operating systems |
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NEW QUESTION # 45
Which standard contains the specifications for Wi-Fi networks?
Answer: B
Explanation:
IEEE 802.11 is the standard that defines the protocols and specifications for wireless local area (Wi-Fi) networking.
NEW QUESTION # 46
A user initiates a trouble ticket stating that an external web page is not loading. You determine that other resources both internal and external are still reachable.
Which command can you use to help locate where the issue is in the network path to the external web page?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The tracert command is used to determine the route taken by packets across an IP network. When a user reports that an external web page is not loading, while other resources are accessible, it suggests there might be an issue at a certain point in the network path to the specific web page. The tracert command helps to diagnose where the breakdown occurs by displaying a list of routers that the packets pass through on their way to the destination. It can identify the network segment where the packets stop progressing, which is valuable for pinpointing where the connectivity issue lies. References := Cisco CCST Networking Certification FAQs - CISCONET Training Solutions, Command Prompt (CMD): 10 network-related commands you should know, Network Troubleshooting Commands Guide: Windows, Mac & Linux - Comparitech, How to Use the Traceroute and Ping Commands to Troubleshoot Network, Network Troubleshooting Techniques: Ping, Traceroute, PathPing.
*tracert Command: This command is used to determine the path packets take to reach a destination. It lists all the hops (routers) along the way and can help identify where the delay or failure occurs.
*ping -t: This command sends continuous ping requests and is useful for determining if a host is reachable but does not provide path information.
*ipconfig /all: This command displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values and can be used to verify network settings but not to trace a network path.
*nslookup: This command queries the DNS to obtain domain name or IP address mapping, useful for DNS issues but not for tracing network paths.
References:
*Microsoft tracert Command: tracert Command Guide
*Troubleshooting Network Issues with tracert: Network Troubleshooting Guide
NEW QUESTION # 47
What is the purpose of assigning an IP address to the management VLAN interface on a Layer 2 switch?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The primary purpose of assigning an IP address to the management VLAN interface on a Layer 2 switch is to facilitate remote management of the switch. By configuring an IP address on the management VLAN, network administrators can access the switch's Command Line Interface (CLI) remotely using protocols such as Telnet or Secure Shell (SSH). This allows for convenient configuration changes, monitoring, and troubleshooting without needing physical access to the switch1.
Reference: =
* Understanding the Management VLAN
* Cisco - VLAN Configuration Guide
* Remote Management of Switches
Assigning an IP address to the management VLAN interface (often the VLAN 1 interface by default) on a Layer 2 switch allows network administrators to remotely manage the switch using protocols such as Telnet or SSH. This IP address does not affect the switch's ability to route traffic between VLANs but provides a means to access and configure the switch through its Command Line Interface (CLI).
* A: The switch does not act as a default gateway; this is typically a function of a Layer 3 device like a router.
* B: The switch does not resolve URLs; this is typically a function of DNS servers.
* C: The switch can relay DHCP requests but does not typically provide DHCP services itself; this is usually done by a dedicated DHCP server or router.
Thus, the correct answer is D. To enable access to the CLI on the switch through Telnet or SSH.
Reference: =
* Cisco VLAN Management Overview
* Cisco Catalyst Switch Management
NEW QUESTION # 48
In the network shown in the following graphic, Switch1 is a Layer 2 switch.
PC-A sends a frame to PC-C. Switch1 does not have a mapping entry for the MAC address of PC-C. Which action does Switch1 take?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Understanding How Layer 2 Switches Handle Unknown MAC Addresses
Switches operate at Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) of the OSI model and maintain a MAC address table (CAM table) to forward frames efficiently.
* When a switch receives a frame, it checks its MAC address table to see if it knows the destination MAC address.
* If the destination MAC address is not in the table (meaning the switch does not know which port leads to PC-C), the switch follows the flooding behavior.
What Happens When Switch1 Receives a Frame from PC-A to PC-C?
* Switch1 checks its MAC table:
* The source MAC (PC-A) is recorded in the table on port G0/1.
* The destination MAC (PC-C) is not in the table.
* Switch1 does not know where PC-C is:
* It floods the frame out of all active ports except the port it was received on (G0/1).
* This means the frame is sent to:
* Switch2 (via G0/23)
* PC-B (via G0/2)
* Switch2 receives the frame and follows the same process:
* If Switch2 has PC-C's MAC in its table, it forwards the frame appropriately.
* If not, it floods the frame again until PC-C replies.
* Once PC-C responds, Switch1 and Switch2 learn its MAC address and update their tables.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
# A. Switch1 queries Switch2 for the MAC address of PC-C.
* Incorrect: Switches do not query other switches directly for MAC addresses. Instead, they rely on learning MAC addresses dynamically through frame forwarding.
# B. Switch1 drops the frame and sends an error message back to PC-A.
* Incorrect: Switches do not drop frames for unknown MAC addresses. Instead, they flood the frames out all ports except the incoming port.
# D. Switch1 sends an ARP request to obtain the MAC address of PC-C.
* Incorrect:
* ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is only used to resolve IP addresses to MAC addresses.
* Since PC-A is sending a frame (Layer 2), not an IP packet (Layer 3), ARP is not involved here.
Conclusion
Since Switch1 does not know the destination MAC address, it floods the frame out all active ports except the port it was received on. This is the default behavior of Layer 2 switches when they encounter an unknown MAC address.
Thus, the correct answer is:# C. Switch1 floods the frame out all active ports except port G0/1.
References
* Cisco CCNA 200-301 Official Guide - MAC Address Table & Frame Forwarding
* RFC 894 - Standard for Ethernet Frame Forwarding
* Cisco Networking Essentials - Switch Flooding Behavior
NEW QUESTION # 49
A host is given the IP address 172.16.100.25 and the subnet mask 255.255.252.0.
What is the CIDR notation for this address?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The mask 255.255.252.0 has 22 contiguous one bits (16 from the first two octets plus 6 from the third), which corresponds to a /22 prefix.
NEW QUESTION # 50
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