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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Incident Response | 20% | - Incident Response Process
|
| Threat and Attack Analysis | 20% | - Threat Intelligence
|
| Security Operations | 30% | - Security Monitoring
|
| Vulnerability Management | 30% | - Vulnerability Identification
|
| Reporting and Communication | 0% | - Communication Strategies
|
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NEW QUESTION # 417
An analyst recommends that an EDR agent collect the source IP address, make a connection to the firewall, and create a policy to block the malicious source IP address across the entire network automatically. Which of the following is the best option to help the analyst implement this recommendation?
Answer: A
Explanation:
SOAR (Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response) is the best option to help the analyst implement the recommendation, as it reflects the software solution that enables security teams to integrate and coordinate separate tools into streamlined threat response workflows and automate repetitive tasks. SOAR is a term coined by Gartner in 2015 to describe a technology that combines the functions of security incident response platforms, security orchestration and automation platforms, and threat intelligence platforms in one offering.
SOAR solutions help security teams to collect inputs from various sources, such as EDR agents, firewalls, or SIEM systems, and perform analysis and triage using a combination of human and machine power. SOAR solutions also allow security teams to define and execute incident response procedures in a digital workflow format, using automation to perform low-level tasks or actions, such as blocking an IP address or quarantining a device. SOAR solutions can help security teams to improve efficiency, consistency, and scalability of their operations, as well as reduce mean time to detect (MTTD) and mean time to respond (MTTR) to threats. The other options are not as suitable as SOAR, as they do not match the description or purpose of the recommendation. SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) is a software solution that collects and analyzes data from various sources, such as logs, events, or alerts, and provides security monitoring, threat detection, and incident response capabilities. SIEM solutions can help security teams to gain visibility, correlation, and context of their security data, but they do not provide automation or orchestration features like SOAR solutions. SLA (Service Level Agreement) is a document that defines the expectations and responsibilities between a service provider and a customer, such as the quality, availability, or performance of the service. SLAs can help to manage customer expectations, formalize communication, and improve productivity and relationships, but they do not help to implement technical recommendations like SOAR solutions. IoC (Indicator of Compromise) is a piece of data or evidence that suggests a system or network has been compromised by a threat actor, such as an IP address, a file hash, or a registry key. IoCs can help to identify and analyze malicious activities or incidents, but they do not help to implement response actions like SOAR solutions.
NEW QUESTION # 418
A systems administrator is reviewing the output of a vulnerability scan.
INSTRUCTIONS
Review the information in each tab.
Based on the organization's environment architecture and remediation standards, select the server to be patched within 14 days and select the appropriate technique and mitigation.
Answer:
Explanation:
see the explanation for step by step solution.
Explanation:
Step 1: Reviewing the Vulnerability Remediation Timeframes
The remediation standards require servers to be patched based on their CVSS score:
* CVSS > 9.0: Patch within 7 days
* CVSS 7.9 - 9.0: Patch within 14 days
* CVSS 5.0 - 7.9: Patch within 30 days
* CVSS 0 - 5.0: Patch within 60 days
Step 2: Analyzing the Output Tab
From the Output tab:
* Server 192.168.76.5 has a CVSS score of 9.2 for an unsupported Microsoft IIS version, indicating a critical vulnerability requiring a patch within 7 days.
* Server 192.168.76.6 has a CVSS score of 7.4 for a missing secure attribute on HTTPS cookies, which falls in the 5.0 - 7.9 range, requiring a patch within 30 days.
Since the question asks for the server to be patched within 14 days, we need to focus on servers with CVSS
7.9 - 9.0:
* None of the servers have a CVSS score that falls precisely in the 7.9 - 9.0 range.
* However, 192.168.76.5, with a CVSS score of 9.2, has a vulnerability that necessitates a quick response and fits as it must be patched within the shortest timeframe (7 days, which includes 14 days).
The server that fits within a 14-day urgency, based on standard practices, would be 192.168.76.5.
Step 3: Reviewing the Environment Tab
The Environment Tab provides additional context for 192.168.76.5:
* It's in the dev environment, which is internal and not publicly accessible.
* MFA is required, indicating security measures are already present.
Step 4: Selecting the Appropriate Technique and Mitigation
For 192.168.76.5, with the Microsoft IIS unsupported version:
* Patch; upgrade IIS to the current release is the most suitable option, as upgrading IIS will resolve the unsupported software vulnerability by bringing it up-to-date with supported versions.
* This technique addresses the root cause, which is the unpatched, outdated software.
Summary
* Server to be patched within 14 calendar days: 192.168.76.5
* Appropriate technique and mitigation: Patch; upgrade IIS to the current release This approach ensures that the most critical vulnerabilities are addressed promptly, maintaining security compliance.
NEW QUESTION # 419
A security analyst is validating a particular finding that was reported in a web application vulnerability scan to make sure it is not a false positive. The security analyst uses the snippet below:
Which of the following vulnerability types is the security analyst validating?
Answer: A
Explanation:
XSS (cross-site scripting) is the vulnerability type that the security analyst is validating, as the snippet shows an attempt to inject a script tag into the web application. XSS is a web security vulnerability that allows an attacker to execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the browser of another user who visits the vulnerable website.
XSS can be used to perform various malicious actions, such as stealing cookies, session hijacking, phishing, or defacing websites. The other vulnerability types are not relevant to the snippet, as they involve different kinds of attacks. Directory traversal is an attack that allows an attacker to access files and directories that are outside of the web root folder. XXE (XML external entity) injection is an attack that allows an attacker to interfere with an application's processing of XML data, and potentially access files or systems. SSRF (server-side request forgery) is an attack that allows an attacker to induce the server-side application to make requests to an unintended location. Official References:
https://portswigger.net/web-security/xxe
https://portswigger.net/web-security/ssrf
https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Server_Side_Request_Forgery_Prevention_Cheat_Sheet.htm
NEW QUESTION # 420
Which of the following should a security team conduct first to ensure the success of incident response testing?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The correct answer is D. Stakeholder identification . Before testing incident response, the organization must know who is involved, what roles they play, and how communication/escalation will occur. Without identified stakeholders, tabletop exercises, walkthroughs, and full-scale tests may fail because participants do not understand their responsibilities.
The All-in-One guide explains that incident response exercises should be designed so all participants clearly understand the roles they play and the tasks they are expected to perform. The Sybex guide also states that responders need to know who stakeholders are and when those stakeholders should be involved in identification, declaration, response, escalation, and resolution.
Why the other options are incorrect:
A occurs after an incident or test, not before testing success is ensured.
B is important during investigation, but not the first planning step for IR testing.
C occurs when an incident is identified, not before an IR test is designed.
D is correct because successful IR testing requires the right stakeholders and roles to be identified first.
NEW QUESTION # 421
A security analyst is tasked with prioritizing vulnerabilities for remediation. The relevant company security policies are shown below:
Security Policy 1006: Vulnerability Management
1. The Company shall use the CVSSv3.1 Base Score Metrics (Exploitability and Impact) to prioritize the remediation of security vulnerabilities.
2. In situations where a choice must be made between confidentiality and availability, the Company shall prioritize confidentiality of data over availability of systems and data.
3. The Company shall prioritize patching of publicly available systems and services over patching of internally available system.
According to the security policy, which of the following vulnerabilities should be the highest priority to patch?
Answer: C
Explanation:
To determine the correct priority, you must filter the options by applying the rules from Security Policy 1006 in the order of importance dictated by the scenario.
"The Company shall prioritize patching of publicly available systems and services over patching of internally available system." Option A: Internal System Option B: External System (Keep) Option C: External System (Keep) Option D: Internal System Result: Eliminate Options A and D. We are now choosing between B and C.
"In situations where a choice must be made between confidentiality and availability, the Company shall prioritize confidentiality of data over availability of systems and data." To apply this, you must read the CVSS v3.1 Vector String for the remaining options. The relevant metrics are C (Confidentiality) and A (Availability).
Option B (CAP.SHIELD): C:H / I:N / A:N
Confidentiality: High (C:H)
Availability: None (A:N)
Interpretation: This vulnerability allows for a significant breach of data confidentiality.
Option C (LOKI.DAGGER): C:N / I:N / A:H
Confidentiality: None (C:N)
Availability: High (A:H)
Interpretation: This vulnerability allows for a significant disruption of service (DoS).
Conclusion: Since the policy explicitly prioritizes Confidentiality (Option B) over Availability (Option C), Option B is the highest priority.
The exam expects you to parse raw CVSS strings to assess risk. Here is the breakdown for the correct answer (Option B):
Metric
Code
Value
Meaning
AV
AV:N
Network
The vulnerability is exploitable remotely via the network (most dangerous).
AC
AC:L
Low
No complex conditions are required to exploit.
PR
PR:N
None
No privileges are required (unauthenticated).
UI
UI:N
None
No user interaction is required.
C
C:H
High
Confidentiality Impact. Total loss of confidentiality.
A
A:N
None
Availability Impact. No impact to uptime.
NEW QUESTION # 422
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