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質問 # 22
Refer to the exhibit.
PC1 connected to port1 has joined multicast group 225.1.2.3 on VLAN 10 with IGMP snooping enabled.
What will happen if you disable IGMP snooping on FortiSwitch? (Choose one answer)
正解：A
解説：
According to theFortiSwitchOS 7.6 Administration Guideand theFortiSwitch 7.6 Study Guide, Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping is a Layer 2 mechanism that allows a switch to "listen" to IGMP conversations between hosts and routers to maintain a map of which ports require specific multicast streams. When IGMP snooping is enabled, the switch populates aMulticast Layer 2 Forwarding Table(as shown in the exhibit), which ensures that multicast traffic is only forwarded to ports where a receiver has explicitly requested it (e.g., PC1 on port1).
When IGMP snooping isdisabled, the switch no longer maintains this granular forwarding table. By default, a Layer 2 switch that is not performing IGMP snooping treats multicast traffic as if it werebroadcast traffic.
Consequently, instead of being intelligently forwarded only to the interested receiver (PC1), the multicast traffic for group 225.1.2.3 will beflooded to all portswithin the same VLAN (VLAN 10). This means PC2, even if it has not joined the group, will receive the multicast packets at the physical layer, leading to unnecessary bandwidth consumption and increased CPU load on unintended recipients.
The documentation explicitly states that disabling IGMP snooping reverts the switch to a "flood-all" behavior for multicast frames within the broadcast domain. Option A is incorrect because the host (PC1) remains a member of the group; only the switch's forwarding logic changes. Option B is incorrect as the switch may still see the messages but will not act on them to prune ports. Option D is incorrect as disabling the feature removes the prune/stop mechanism, causing traffic to flow everywhere rather than stopping.
質問 # 23
How does FortiSwitch perform actions on ingress and egress traffic using the access control list (ACL)?
正解：A
解説：
In FortiSwitch, Access Control Lists (ACLs) are used to enforce security rules on both ingress and egress traffic:
* ACL Evaluation Order (D):
* Operational Function:FortiSwitch processes ACL entries from top to bottom, similar to how firewall rules are processed. The first match in the ACL determines the action taken on the packet, whether to allow or deny it, making the order of rules critical.
* Configuration Advice:Careful planning of the order of ACL rules is necessary to ensure that more specific rules precede more general ones to avoid unintentional access or blocks.
References:For a comprehensive guide on configuring ACLs in FortiSwitch, consult the FortiSwitch security settings documentation available on:Fortinet Product Documentation
質問 # 24
Which interfaces on FortiSwitch send out FortiLink discovery frames by default in order to detect a FortiGate with an enabled FortiLink interface?
正解：B
解説：
* Fortinet FortiLink Protocol:The FortiLink protocol is Fortinet ' s proprietary mechanism for managing FortiSwitch units from a FortiGate firewall. It simplifies configuration and security policy enforcement across the connected network devices.
* Auto-Discovery:FortiLink ' s auto-discovery feature means that by default, all ports on a FortiSwitch will actively send out discovery frames. This allows them to locate a FortiGate device that has a FortiLink interface enabled, streamlining the device management process.
* No Configuration Needed:You don ' t have to manually configure individual ports for FortiLink discovery on FortiSwitch devices.
References
* FortiSwitchOS FortiLink Guide (FortiSwitch Devices Managed by FortiOS 7.6):Refer to pages 13 and
14 for details on zero-touch management and FortiLink configuration. [https://fortinetweb.s3.
amazonaws.com/docs.fortinet.com/v2/attachments/27f63c72-b083-11ec-9fd1-fa163e15d75b
/FortiSwitchOS-7.6.0-FortiLink_Guide%E2%80%94FortiSwitch_Devices_Managed_by_FortiOS_7.6.
pdf]
質問 # 25
Your team is deploying a single FortiGate and a single FortiSwitch across 100 branch offices. The goal is to expedite deployment while avoiding manual configuration errors. Which method would allow you to achieve this goal most efficiently? (Choose one answer)
正解：D
解説：
According to theFortiOS 7.6 Administration Guideand theFortiManager 7.6 Study Guide, the most efficient and scalable method for deploying standardized configurations across a high volume of sites (such as
100 branch offices) isZero-Touch Provisioning (ZTP) through FortiManager.
ZTP allows administrators to createModel DevicesandProvisioning Templateswithin FortiManager before the physical hardware is even unboxed. When a factory-reset FortiGate at a branch office is connected to the internet, it automatically reaches out toFortiCloud(FortiDeploy) to discover its assigned management entity.
Once redirected to the centralFortiManager, the FortiGate retrieves its full configuration, including the FortiLinksettings required to manage the local FortiSwitch.
The 7.6 documentation highlights that because the FortiSwitch is managed via FortiLink, its configuration is technically part of the FortiGate's managed objects. Therefore, by using FortiManager to push a single template that includes both the FortiGate settings and theSwitch Controllerconfigurations, the team can ensure that every branch office is configured identically and without manual CLI intervention. This method significantly reduces the risk of human error and ensures rapid, consistent deployment across the entire fabric.
Options A and B refer to cloud management platforms that are effective but do not offer the same level of integrated, template-driven orchestration for large-scale enterprise ZTP as FortiManager. Option D is incorrect as "FortiSwitch Manager" is not the primary orchestration tool for branch-wide ZTP in a FortiLink- integrated environment.
質問 # 26
Refer to the exhibit.
You have just authorized a new FortiSwitch on your FortiGate, and it appears online in the GUI. To verify that FortiLink connectivity is healthy, what should you check next? (Choose one answer)
正解：D
解説：
According to theFortiOS 7.6 Study Guideand theFortiSwitch 7.6 FortiLink Guide, the health and stability of the control plane between a FortiGate and a managed FortiSwitch are maintained through a continuous keepalive mechanism. Once a FortiSwitch is authorized and transitions to theFL_STATE_READYstate (as shown in the debug output in the exhibit), the devices must ensure the management tunnel remains active.
The primary mechanism for this is theFortiLink heartbeat. The documentation specifies that a managed FortiSwitch sends heartbeat messages to the FortiGate every few seconds over the FortiLink interface. The FortiGate, acting as the controller, must acknowledge these heartbeats to confirm that the switch is still reachable and responding to management commands. If the FortiGate fails to receive a certain number of consecutive heartbeats, it will consider the switch "offline" in the GUI, even if physical link lights remain green.
Checking for these heartbeat exchanges is a critical troubleshooting step to verify that theCAPWAP(Control and Provisioning of Wireless Access Points) based management tunnel is functioning correctly without intermittent drops. Option A is incorrect as port disabling is a configuration choice, not a health check. Option C is incorrect because firmware updates are manual or scheduled, not automatic upon authorization. Option D is a logging function that relies on a healthy management tunnel but is not a direct measure of the FortiLink's operational health.
質問 # 27
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