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NEW QUESTION # 90
According to The Joint Commission, which of the following should be done to patient-owned electrical devices entering the facility?
Answer: A
Explanation:
According to Health Care Risk Management standards supported by ASHRM and accreditation guidance from The Joint Commission, patient-owned electrical devices brought into healthcare facilities must be evaluated to ensure they do not pose safety risks. The Joint Commission's Environment of Care standards emphasize electrical safety, fire prevention, and reduction of hazards within patient care areas.
Before a patient-owned electrical device is used within the facility, an electrical safety inspection should be conducted to assess the integrity of cords, plugs, grounding, and overall condition. The purpose is to identify potential risks such as frayed wiring, overheating hazards, or improper voltage compatibility that could endanger patients, staff, or equipment.
Simply inventorying the device with personal belongings does not address safety concerns. Sequestering the device may be appropriate if it fails inspection, but routine confiscation is not required. While biomedical engineering departments often assist with inspections, tagging by biomedical engineering is not itself the required action; the essential requirement is that a safety inspection be performed.
Clinical and patient safety objectives emphasize proactive hazard identification and compliance with accreditation standards. Therefore, conducting an electrical safety inspection is the appropriate action for patient-owned electrical devices entering the facility.
NEW QUESTION # 91
Which of the following factors should be considered when setting or adjusting indemnity reserves?
* incurred medical expenses
* emotional pain and suffering
* medical expert witness costs
* future cost of medical care
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to Health Care Risk Management principles established by ASHRM and the American Hospital Association Certification Center, indemnity reserves represent the estimated amount the organization expects to pay in settlement or judgment to a claimant. Indemnity refers specifically to damages paid to compensate the injured party, not defense or administrative expenses.
Incurred medical expenses are a core component of economic damages and must be included in indemnity reserve calculations. Emotional pain and suffering fall under non-economic damages and are also considered when estimating potential settlement or verdict value. Future cost of medical care is another essential factor, particularly in cases involving long-term injury or disability, as it represents projected economic damages that may substantially increase exposure.
Medical expert witness costs, however, are categorized as defense expenses and are typically included in allocated loss adjustment expenses rather than indemnity reserves. These costs relate to the defense of the claim rather than compensation to the plaintiff.
Risk management objectives emphasize accurate differentiation between indemnity and expense reserves to ensure proper financial reporting and regulatory compliance. Therefore, incurred medical expenses, pain and suffering, and future medical costs should be considered when setting indemnity reserves, while expert witness costs should not.
NEW QUESTION # 92
Information from the Data Bank (NPDB; includes former HIPDB content) can be requested by:
Answer: D
Explanation:
Access to NPDB information is restricted to authorized entities for credentialing, privileging, and oversight- not public browsing. HRSA's NPDB rules identify who can query and report;professional societies with formal peer revieware listed among entities that may query under certain circumstances. This limited-access model supports patient safety objectives by enabling credentialing bodies to identify adverse licensure actions, certain negative clinical privilege actions, and other reportable events, while protecting due process and confidentiality. From a risk management perspective, proper querying supports defensible credentialing and reduces negligent credentialing exposure. Equally important: organizations must maintain secure handling of NPDB responses and follow permitted-use rules to avoid compliance violations.
NEW QUESTION # 93
A patient has been declared brain dead as a result of injuries sustained during a criminal act. His driver's license states that he is an organ donor. The attending physician is planning to remove the life-support equipment. A risk manager should recommend
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to Health Care Risk Management standards established by ASHRM and the American Hospital Association Certification Center, deaths resulting from criminal acts fall under medico-legal jurisdiction and are typically subject to coroner or medical examiner review. Even when a patient is a documented organ donor, as indicated on a driver's license under the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act framework, the circumstances of death may require legal investigation.
When a death is associated with trauma from a criminal act, it is generally considered a reportable death. The medical examiner or coroner has statutory authority to determine whether an autopsy is required and to ensure preservation of forensic evidence. Organ procurement activities must not interfere with legal investigation obligations. Therefore, prior to organ retrieval or withdrawal of life support, the appropriate legal authorities must be notified.
While honoring the patient's documented donation wishes is important, compliance with state statutes governing reportable deaths and forensic investigations takes precedence. The family's wishes do not override a valid donor designation, but coordination must occur within the legal framework.
Thus, the most appropriate action for the risk manager is to ensure that authorities are notified to determine autopsy requirements before proceeding.
NEW QUESTION # 94
In a failure mode and effects analysis, the risk priority number is calculated by
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to Health Care Risk Management standards endorsed by ASHRM and the American Hospital Association Certification Center, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis FMEA is a proactive patient safety tool used to identify and prioritize potential process failures before harm occurs. Within FMEA methodology, each potential failure mode is evaluated using three separate scoring components: severity, occurrence, and detection.
Severity measures the potential impact of the failure if it occurs. Occurrence assesses the likelihood that the failure will happen. Detection evaluates the probability that the failure will be identified before causing harm.
Each component is typically assigned a numerical value based on predefined criteria.
The Risk Priority Number RPN is calculated by multiplying the three scores: severity multiplied by occurrence multiplied by detection. This multiplication approach produces a composite score that reflects both the seriousness of potential harm and the likelihood that the event will occur and escape detection. Higher RPN values indicate higher-priority risks requiring mitigation.
Clinical and patient safety objectives emphasize systematic risk prioritization to allocate resources effectively and reduce preventable adverse events. Therefore, the RPN is calculated by multiplying severity, occurrence, and detection scores.
NEW QUESTION # 95
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