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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Assessment | 39–43% | - General patient impression and priority determination - Initial patient assessment - Identification and management of life-threatening conditions - Airway, breathing, and circulation management |
| Secondary Assessment | 5–9% | - Symptom assessment and history taking - Vital signs and monitoring - Focused history and physical exam |
| EMS Operations | 10–14% | - Incident command and multiple-casualty situations - Documentation and legal aspects - Emergency vehicle operations and safety - EMS system roles and responsibilities |
| Patient Treatment and Transport | 20–24% | - Medication administration and protocols - Communication with receiving facilities - Medical and trauma care interventions - Patient packaging and transport procedures |
| Scene Size-Up and Safety | 15–19% | - Mechanism of injury / nature of illness - Hazard recognition and management - Scene assessment and safety protocols |
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NEW QUESTION # 38
What are the proper procedures for performing CPR on a 9-month-old patient? Select the three answer options that are correct.
Answer: A,C,D
Explanation:
The correct answers are A. Check the brachial artery for a pulse, C. Use a compression depth of at least two inches, and E. Use the two-thumb-encircling-hands technique for two rescuers.
1. Check the brachial artery (A):
For infants (less than 1 year old), the correct pulse check site is the brachial artery, not the carotid.
* "For infants, assess the brachial pulse."
2. Compression depth (C):
Infant chest compressions should be about 1/3 the depth of the chest, which is approximately 1.5-2 inches.
* "Compress the chest at least one-third its depth (about 1.5-2 inches in infants)."
3. Two-thumb-encircling-hands technique (E):
When two rescuers are present, this is the preferred method because it:
* Produces better compressions
* Improves perfusion
* "Use the two-thumb encircling technique for two-rescuer infant CPR."
Why the other options are incorrect:
* B. Compression rate is over 120/min # IncorrectCorrect rate is 100-120/min, not over 120
* D. Compression area just above nipple line # IncorrectCorrect location is just below the nipple line on the sternum
* F. Ventilate one breath every 3 seconds # IncorrectWith advanced airway: 1 breath every 2-3 seconds (20-30/min), not fixed at 3 seconds Exact Extracts (NREMT/AHA-aligned references):
* "Check the brachial pulse in infants."
* "Compression depth should be at least one-third the chest diameter."
* "Use the two-thumb encircling technique for two rescuers."
* "Compression rate is 100-120 per minute."
Clinical Priority Summary:
Proper infant CPR includes brachial pulse assessment, correct compression depth, and appropriate technique, making A, C, and E correct.
References:
NREMT EMT Education Standards - Cardiology & Resuscitation
American Heart Association (AHA) Guidelines for CPR and ECC
NREMT National Continued Competency Program (NCCP)
NEW QUESTION # 39
What should you anticipate when you go in for a deposition?
Answer: D
Explanation:
A deposition is a formal legal proceeding in which sworn testimony is taken prior to trial. NREMT education on EMS operations, documentation, and legal responsibilities emphasizes that EMTs may be required to participate in depositions as part of civil or criminal cases involving patient care.
Option C is correct because attorneys for all involved parties are typically present during a deposition. These may include attorneys representing the plaintiff, defendant, EMS agency, or insurance providers. The EMT provides sworn testimony under oath, and the deposition may later be used in court.
Option A is incorrect because deposition testimony is admissible in court under many circumstances.
Option B is incorrect because depositions are not presided over by a judge; they are conducted by attorneys.
Option D is incorrect because exhibits such as patient care reports, protocols, or photographs may be introduced during a deposition.
NREMT stresses the importance of accurate documentation, professionalism, and honesty, as EMTs are legally accountable for their actions and statements.
NEW QUESTION # 40
A person grabs your arm during an argument. This is considered
Answer: D
Explanation:
The correct answer is C. Battery.
This question tests knowledge of legal definitions relevant to EMS providers, particularly distinguishing between assault and battery.
Battery is defined as unlawful physical contact with another person without consent.
In this scenario, the act of grabbing your arm constitutes intentional physical contact, which meets the definition of battery.
According to NREMT-aligned EMS legal principles:
"Battery is the unlawful touching of another person without consent."
Why the other options are incorrect:
A). Harassment:Typically involves repeated or persistent unwanted behavior, not necessarily physical contact.
B). Assault:Defined as threatening or attempting to cause harm, creating fear of imminent harm-without actual physical contact.
D). False imprisonment:Involves restricting a person's freedom of movement without legal authority, not simply grabbing an arm.
Key NREMT Distinction:
Assault = threat of harm
Battery = actual physical contact
Exact Extracts:
"Assault is placing a person in fear of immediate harm."
"Battery is the unlawful touching of a patient without consent."
References:
NREMT EMT Education Standards - EMS Operations / Legal & Ethical Issues NREMT National Continued Competency Program (NCCP) - EMS Legal Concepts Standard EMT Text (aligned with NREMT): Workforce Safety and Legal Issues
NEW QUESTION # 41
Which of the following conditions would most likely result in pulmonary edema? Select the two correct options.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Pulmonary edemais caused by fluid accumulation in the alveoli, impairing gas exchange. It is typically due to:
* Left-sided heart failure: Blood backs up into the pulmonary circulation
* Hypertensive crisis: Increases hydrostatic pressure in the lungs
Anaphylaxis causesvasodilation and bronchospasm, not fluid overload. Increased oncotic pressure would retainfluid in capillaries - the opposite of edema.
References:
NREMT Medical Module - Respiratory and Cardiovascular Integration
AHA ACLS Guidelines - Congestive Heart Failure
AAOS EMT Textbook - Pathophysiology of Pulmonary Edema
NEW QUESTION # 42
A 24-year-old patient is in respiratory distress after being stung by a bee. What initial management action should the EMT take for this patient?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct answer is B. Perform a primary survey.
This question is testing initial EMS priorities, not just treatment selection.
According to NREMT standards, every patient encounter begins with a primary assessment (primary survey), which includes:
* Airway
* Breathing
* Circulation
* Identifying life threats
Why B is correct (Primary survey):
Even though the patient is likely experiencing anaphylaxis, EMTs must:
* Rapidly assess airway, breathing, and circulation
* Identify severity of respiratory distress
* Then immediately intervene (e.g., epinephrine)
NREMT guidance states:
* "The primary assessment is the first step in patient care."
* "Life-threatening conditions are identified and managed during the primary survey." Why D is not the best initial answer:
* Epinephrine is the correct treatment, but it is administered after performing the primary survey.
* The question asks for the initial management action, which is always the primary assessment.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Bronchodilator: Not first-line for anaphylaxis.
* C. Immediate transport: Important, but only after initial assessment and stabilization.
Exact Extracts:
* "The primary assessment identifies immediate life threats."
* "Airway, breathing, and circulation must be assessed first in all patients."
* "Treatment interventions follow the primary survey."
References:
NREMT EMT Education Standards - Patient Assessment
NREMT National Continued Competency Program (NCCP) - Medical Assessment Prehospital Emergency Care (EMT) - Patient Assessment and Management
NEW QUESTION # 43
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