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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Managing Test Activities | 22.5% | - Monitoring, control and completion - Risk-based testing - Test planning - Configuration management - Defect management |
| Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle | 15% | - Maintenance testing - Test types - Test levels - Testing in SDLC contexts |
| Fundamentals of Testing | 20% | - Why testing is necessary - Testing principles - Essential skills and good practices - What is testing - Test activities, testware and roles |
| Static Testing | 10% | - Static testing basics - Review process and types |
| Test Tools and Automation | 2.5% | - Tool support for testing - Benefits and risks of automation |
| Test Analysis and Design | 30% | - White-box test techniques - Collaboration-based approaches - Test techniques overview - Black-box test techniques - Experience-based test techniques |
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186. Frage
Consider a review for a high-level architectural document written by a software architect. The architect does most of the review preparation work, including distributing the document to reviewers before the review meeting. However, reviewers are not required to analyze the document in advance, and during the review meeting the software architect explains the document step by step. The only goal of this review is to establish a common understanding of the software architecture that will be used in a software development project.
Which of the following review types does this review refer to?
Antwort: D
Begründung:
This answer is correct because a walkthrough is a type of review where the author of the work product leads the review process and explains the work product to the reviewers. The reviewers are not required to prepare for the review in advance, and the main objective of the walkthrough is to establish a common understanding of the work product and to identify any major defects or issues. A walkthrough is usually informal and does not follow a defined process or roles. In this case, the review for a high-level architectural document written by a software architect matches the characteristics of a walkthrough. References: ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Section 2.4.2.2
187. Frage
Consider an estimation session where a six-member Agile team (Memb1, ... , Memb6) is performing a planning poker session to estimate a user story (in story points). Team members are using a set of cards with the following values: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21. Below is the outcome produced by the first round of estimation for this session:
Which of the following answers best describes how the estimation session should proceed?
Antwort: D
Begründung:
In Agile estimation sessions, particularly during Planning Poker, the goal is to reach a consensus on the effort required for a user story. The process encourages discussion and collaboration among team members to understand the story's requirements and complexities fully. Here's a breakdown of the options and why D is the correct choice:
Option A: Calculating the arithmetic mean of all estimates.
* This method is straightforward but does not facilitate team discussion or consensus-building. It merely averages out the estimates without addressing the reasons behind the varying estimates. Thus, important insights and understanding of the task complexity might be missed.
Option B: Selecting the most frequent estimate value.
* While this approach acknowledges the majority's opinion, it ignores the minority views, which might highlight significant aspects of the story that need consideration. It doesn't ensure that all perspectives are considered and discussed.
Option C: Calculating the mean of the most optimistic and pessimistic estimates.
* This approach considers the extremes but again lacks the team discussion and consensus aspect. It also assumes that the extreme values alone can balance out the estimate, which might not always capture the true complexity or simplicity of the task.
Option D: Discussing the most pessimistic and optimistic estimates.
* This approach fosters team collaboration and understanding. Memb4 and Memb6 explain their reasoning for the highest and lowest estimates, respectively, which can reveal different perspectives on the task's complexity. This discussion helps the team align their understanding and often leads to a more accurate and agreed-upon estimate in subsequent rounds.
In conclusion, the main goal of Agile estimation techniques like Planning Poker is to encourage team communication and collaboration to ensure that all aspects of the user story are considered. Option D best aligns with this goal by promoting discussion and consensus.
188. Frage
Consider the following statements (I to V) about software testing:
I. Can be applied to non-executable work products.
II. Can be used to measure performance efficiency.
III. Can lead to the detection of defects.
IV. Can find defects directly.
V. Can identify unexpected behaviors caused by potential defects.
Which ONE of the following options is the list that characterizes static tests the BEST?
Antwort: D
Begründung:
Static testing(A)applies tonon-executable work products(I), such as requirements or code reviews. It also leads to defect detection (III)andfinds defects directly (IV)without executing the software. OptionsB, C, and Dincorrectly associate static testing with performance measurement (II) or dynamic testing aspects (V).
189. Frage
You validate the correctness of price calculation in a food ordering application. The input parameter is the order amount (in $), and the result is the final price reflecting the discount. If the order amount is less than $100, the discount is not granted (0% discount). If the order amount is greater than $500, a 50% discount is granted. In other cases, the 10% discount is granted.
You apply equivalence partitioning for the "order amount" domain to check if discounts are granted correctly.
Which test data set achieves the highest coverage?
Antwort: C
Begründung:
Equivalence partitioning divides input into partitions: less than 100, between 100 and 500, and greater than 500. Test data 99.99, 100, and 500 cover the boundaries and each partition effectively.
190. Frage
In which of the following test documents would you expect to find test exit criteria described9
Antwort: B
Begründung:
Test exit criteria are the conditions that must be fulfilled before concluding a particular testing phase. These criteria act as a checkpoint to assess whether we have achieved the testing objectives and are done with testing1. Test exit criteria are typically defined in the test plan document, which is one of the outputs of the test planning phase. The test plan document describes the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of the testing activities. It also identifies the test items, the features to be tested, the testing tasks, the risks, and the test deliverables2. According to the ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, the test plan document should include the following information related to the test exit criteria3:
* The criteria for evaluating test completion, such as the percentage of test cases executed, the percentage of test coverage achieved, the number and severity of defects found and fixed, the quality and reliability of the software product, and the stakeholder satisfaction.
* The criteria for evaluating test process improvement, such as the adherence to the test strategy, the efficiency and effectiveness of the testing activities, the lessons learned and best practices identified, and the recommendations for future improvements.
Therefore, the test plan document is the most appropriate test document to find the test exit criteria described.
The other options, such as test design specification, project plan, and requirements specification, are not directly related to the test exit criteria. The test design specification describes the test cases and test procedures for a specific test level or test type3. The project plan describes the overall objectives, scope, assumptions, risks, and deliverables of the software project4. The requirements specification describes the functional and non-functional requirements of the software product5. None of these documents specify the conditions for ending the testing process or evaluating the testing outcomes. References = ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Entry and Exit Criteria in Software Testing | Baeldung on Computer Science, Entry And Exit Criteria In Software Testing - Rishabh Software, Entry and Exit Criteria in Software Testing Life Cycle - STLC [2022 Updated] - Testsigma Blog, ISTQB releases Certified Tester Foundation Level v4.0 (CTFL).
191. Frage
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