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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Safety and Compliance | 26% | - Infection control & OSHA standards - HIPAA & patient confidentiality - PPE & sharps disposal - Bloodborne pathogens & exposure control - Quality control & error prevention |
| Patient Preparation | 20% | - Site selection & preparation - Patient identification & verification - Informed consent & communication - Requisition review & test verification - Patient positioning & comfort |
| Routine Blood Collections | 28% | - Venipuncture techniques & equipment - Tourniquet use & vein assessment - Post-collection care & labeling - Capillary puncture procedures - Order of draw & tube selection |
| Specimen Processing & Handling | 14% | - Processing & centrifugation - Aliquoting & preservation - Documentation & tracking - Specimen rejection criteria - Transport & storage requirements |
| Special Collections | 12% | - Glucose tolerance & dynamic tests - Pediatric & geriatric collections - Blood alcohol & legal collections - Therapeutic drug monitoring - Blood cultures & sterile collection |
>> Valid Phlebotomy-Technician Test Topics <<
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NEW QUESTION # 102
A patient starts convulsing during a blood collection. Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take?
Answer: B
Explanation:
If a patient begins convulsing during blood collection, the phlebotomist's priority is patient safety and prevention of injury. From the choices provided, allowing the patient's limbs to move freely is correct because the phlebotomist should not restrain the patient during a seizure. Restraining can cause musculoskeletal injury and does not stop the seizure. In actual procedure, the phlebotomist should immediately stop the draw when safe, remove the tourniquet and needle, activate the safety device, call for help, protect the patient from surrounding hazards, and follow emergency protocol. Continuing the collection is unsafe because seizure activity can cause needle movement, vein trauma, needlestick exposure, and specimen compromise. A cold compress is more relevant to swelling, bruising, or selected local complications, not active convulsions. Orange juice may be appropriate only for a conscious patient with suspected hypoglycemia who can swallow safely; it is unsafe during convulsions. The NHA CPT outline includes recognizing seizures and other complications during routine blood collection, discontinuing the draw if needed, emergency response, and first aid. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; Routine Blood Collections; seizure response; emergency care during collection.
NEW QUESTION # 103
A phlebotomist is performing a glucose tolerance test. Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take after the patient drinks the glucose solution?
Answer: C
Explanation:
After the patient drinks the glucose solution, the phlebotomist should start timing according to the test protocol. Glucose tolerance testing depends on strict timed specimen collection after ingestion of a measured glucose load. If timing is inaccurate, the results may be invalid or misleading. The patient should not eat crackers because additional food intake can alter glucose results. Exercise should also be avoided unless specifically directed because physical activity can affect glucose metabolism. Collecting all remaining specimens immediately defeats the purpose of the timed test, which evaluates the body's glucose response over defined intervals. The phlebotomist must verify fasting status, collect the baseline specimen if required, ensure the patient consumes the glucose solution within the allowed time, document the time finished, and collect subsequent specimens at exact ordered intervals. If the patient vomits, eats, leaves, or misses a timed draw, the phlebotomist should follow facility policy and notify appropriate personnel. Reference topics: Special Collections; glucose tolerance testing; timed specimens; patient preparation; test protocol compliance.
NEW QUESTION # 104
Which of the following actions can cause hemolysis during venipuncture?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Using a needle with a gauge that is too small can cause hemolysis. A small-bore needle can create excessive mechanical force as blood passes through the lumen, damaging red blood cells and releasing intracellular contents into serum or plasma. Hemolysis can alter test results, especially potassium, lactate dehydrogenase, and other analytes affected by red-cell rupture. Allowing alcohol to dry before puncture is correct practice because it reduces stinging and helps prevent contamination. Releasing the tourniquet before needle removal is also correct because it reduces pressure and supports safer needle withdrawal. Mixing additive tubes by gentle inversion is required; the danger occurs when tubes are shaken vigorously. Additional hemolysis causes include probing, drawing through a hematoma, forcing blood from a syringe into a tube, rough transport, incorrect centrifugation, and delayed processing. A phlebotomist must choose equipment appropriate to the patient's vein while maintaining specimen quality. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; hemolysis; needle gauge selection; specimen integrity; preanalytical error.
NEW QUESTION # 105
Which of the following agencies is responsible for setting guidelines for bloodborne exposure incidents?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is responsible for workplace safety regulation, including requirements related to bloodborne pathogen exposure. In phlebotomy, bloodborne exposure incidents include needlesticks, blood splashes, mucous membrane exposure, and contact with non-intact skin. OSHA's Bloodborne Pathogens Standard requires employers to maintain exposure control plans, provide training, use engineering controls such as safety needles and sharps containers, support appropriate PPE, and establish procedures for exposure reporting and follow-up. CMS is primarily linked to Medicare, Medicaid, and healthcare payment/quality oversight, not direct bloodborne exposure incident standards. The FDA regulates medical devices, drugs, biologics, and related safety approvals. CLIA governs laboratory testing quality standards, not occupational blood exposure response. The option wording on the screen says "Occupational Safety of Health Administration," but the correct agency is OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration. NHA CPT safety content includes OSHA, bloodborne pathogens, sharps disposal, biohazards, exposure control protocols, needlestick reporting, and workplace safety regulations. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; OSHA; Bloodborne Pathogens Standard; exposure control protocols.
NEW QUESTION # 106
Which of the following tests is most likely to require collection in a chilled specimen tube?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Ammonia is most likely to require collection in a chilled specimen tube and rapid transport, depending on facility protocol. Ammonia is unstable and can be affected by delayed processing, temperature, and cellular metabolism after collection. Chilling slows metabolic activity and helps preserve specimen integrity. Total cholesterol is generally a routine chemistry test and does not usually require immediate chilling. Hemoglobin A1c is collected to evaluate long-term glycemic control and is not typically a chilled specimen. Blood cultures require aseptic technique, correct culture bottles, adequate volume, and timely incubation or transport, not chilling. The broader lesson is that special handling requirements are analyte-specific. Some specimens must be chilled, some kept warm, some protected from light, and some delivered immediately. The phlebotomist must review the requisition, laboratory directory, or facility procedure before collection. Improper temperature handling can produce inaccurate results even if the specimen was collected in the correct tube. Reference topics: Special Collections; chilled specimens; ammonia handling; specimen stability; transport requirements.
NEW QUESTION # 107
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