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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Malware Threats | 7% | - AI-Powered Malware - APT & Fileless Malware - Malware Types: Trojans, Viruses, Worms - Malware Analysis & Countermeasures |
| System Hacking | 8% | - Gaining Access: Password Attacks - Clearing Tracks & Logs - Privilege Escalation - Maintaining Access |
| Evading IDS, Firewalls, and Honeypots | 5% | - IDS, IPS, Firewall Technologies - Honeypot Concepts & Detection - Evasion Techniques |
| Session Hijacking | 4% | - Application & Network Level Hijacking - Hijacking Techniques - Session Hijacking Concepts - Countermeasures |
| IoT & OT Security | 4% | - Security Controls - Attacks on IoT & OT Systems - IoT/OT Architecture & Risks |
| Cloud Computing | 5% | - Cloud Models & Services - Cloud Security Risks - Cloud Security Best Practices - AWS, Azure, GCP Attacks |
| Enumeration | 7% | - DNS, SMTP, NFS Enumeration - AI-Driven Enumeration - Enumeration Countermeasures - NetBIOS, SNMP, LDAP Enumeration - Enumeration Concepts |
| Cryptography | 5% | - Encryption Concepts & Algorithms - Cryptography in Practice - Cryptanalysis & Attacks - Public Key Infrastructure |
| Introduction to Ethical Hacking | 5% | - Cyber Kill Chain & MITRE ATT&CK - Legal and Ethical Compliance - Ethical Hacking Methodology - Information Security Concepts |
| Scanning Networks | 8% | - Network Scanning Basics - Scanning Beyond IDS/Firewall - Service & OS Fingerprinting - AI-Assisted Scanning - Scanning Countermeasures - Host & Port Discovery |
| Mobile Platforms | 4% | - Android & iOS Vulnerabilities - Mobile Device Security - Mobile Attack Vectors |
| Vulnerability Analysis | 8% | - Vulnerability Classification & Scoring - Vulnerability Research & Databases - Scanning & Analysis Tools - Vulnerability Assessment Lifecycle |
| Footprinting and Reconnaissance | 7% | - OSINT Techniques - DNS, WHOIS, Network Mapping - Reconnaissance Concepts - Reconnaissance Countermeasures |
| Sniffing | 5% | - Packet Sniffing Concepts - MITM Attacks - Sniffing Countermeasures - Sniffing Tools & Techniques |
| Social Engineering | 6% | - Phishing, Pretexting, Baiting - Countermeasures & Awareness - Social Engineering Concepts - Identity Theft |
| Wireless Networks | 5% | - Wireless Hacking Tools - Wireless Threats & Attacks - Wireless Encryption: WEP, WPA2, WPA3 - Security Best Practices |
| Denial-of-Service | 4% | - DDoS Tools - DoS & DDoS Concepts - Attack Techniques & Botnets - Defense Mechanisms |
| Web Server & Application Attacks | 8% | - API Security Risks - SQL Injection & Command Injection - Web Application Attacks: XSS, CSRF - Web Security Countermeasures - Web Server Vulnerabilities |
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NEW QUESTION # 547
A penetration tester was assigned to scan a large network range to find live hosts. The network is known for using strict TCP filtering rules on its firewall, which may obstruct common host discovery techniques. The tester needs a method that can bypass these firewall restrictions and accurately identify live systems. What host discovery technique should the tester use?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The host discovery technique that the tester should use is TCP SYN Ping Scan. This technique sends a TCP SYN packet to a specified port on the target host and waits for a response. If the host responds with a TCP SYN/ACK packet, it means the host is alive and the port is open. If the host responds with a TCP RST packet, it means the host is alive but the port is closed. If the host does not respond at all, it means the host is either dead or filtered by a firewall12. TCP SYN Ping Scan can bypass firewall restrictions because it mimics the initial stage of a TCP three-way handshake, which is a common and legitimate network activity. Therefore, most firewalls will allow TCP SYN packets to pass through and reach the target host, unless they are configured to block specific ports or IP addresses3. TCP SYN Ping Scan can also accurately identify live systems because it does not rely on ICMP, which may be blocked or rate-limited by some firewalls or routers.
The other options are not as effective or feasible as TCP SYN Ping Scan for the following reasons:
* A. UDP Ping Scan: This technique sends a UDP packet to a specified port on the target host and waits for a response. If the host responds with an ICMP Port Unreachable message, it means the host is alive but the port is closed. If the host does not respond at all, it means the host is either dead, the port is open, or the packet is filtered by a firewall12. UDP Ping Scan may not bypass firewall restrictions because some firewalls may block or drop UDP packets, especially if they are sent to uncommon or reserved ports. UDP Ping Scan may also not accurately identify live systems because it cannot distinguish between open ports and filtered packets, and it may generate false positives or negatives due to packet loss or rate-limiting.
* B. ICMP ECHO Ping Scan: This technique sends an ICMP ECHO Request packet to the target host and waits for an ICMP ECHO Reply packet. If the host responds with an ICMP ECHO Reply packet, it means the host is alive. If the host does not respond at all, it means the host is either dead or filtered by a firewall12. ICMP ECHO Ping Scan may not bypass firewall restrictions because some firewalls may block or drop ICMP packets, especially if they are sent to prevent ping sweeps or denial-of-service attacks. ICMP ECHO Ping Scan may also not accurately identify live systems because it may generate false positives or negatives due to packet loss or rate-limiting.
* C. ICMP Timestamp Ping Scan: This technique sends an ICMP Timestamp Request packet to the target host and waits for an ICMP Timestamp Reply packet. If the host responds with an ICMP Timestamp Reply packet, it means the host is alive. If the host does not respond at all, it means the host is either dead or filtered by a firewall12. ICMP Timestamp Ping Scan may not bypass firewall restrictions because some firewalls may block or drop ICMP packets, especially if they are sent to prevent ping sweeps or denial-of-service attacks. ICMP Timestamp Ping Scan may also not accurately identify live systems because it may generate false positives or negatives due to packet loss or rate-limiting.
References:
* 1: Host Discovery in Nmap Network Scanning - GeeksforGeeks
* 2: nmap Host Discovery Techniques
* 3: TCP SYN Ping Scan - Nmap
* : Ping Sweep - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
* : UDP Ping Scan - Nmap
* : UDP Ping Scan - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
* : ICMP Ping Scan - Nmap
* : ICMP Ping Scan - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
NEW QUESTION # 548
What is one of the advantages of using both symmetric and asymmetric cryptography in SSL/TLS?
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 549
Attempting an injection attack on a web server based on responses to True/False questions is called which of the following?
Answer: C
Explanation:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL_injection#Blind_SQL_injection
Blind SQL injection is used when a web application is vulnerable to an SQL injection but the results of the injection are not visible to the attacker. The page with the vulnerability may not be one that displays data but will display differently depending on the results of a logical statement injected into the legitimate SQL statement called for that page. This type of attack has traditionally been considered time-intensive because a new statement needed to be crafted for each bit recovered, and depending on its structure, the attack may consist of many unsuccessful requests. Recent advancements have allowed each request to recover multiple bits, with no unsuccessful requests, allowing for more consistent and efficient extraction.
NEW QUESTION # 550
An attacker has installed a RAT on a host. The attacker wants to ensure that when a user attempts to go to
"www.MyPersonalBank.com", the user is directed to a phishing site.
Which file does the attacker need to modify?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The hosts file on a computer maps domain names to IP addresses locally. By modifying this file, an attacker can redirect traffic destined for legitimate sites (e.g., www.MyPersonalBank.com) to malicious IP addresses (e.g., a phishing server).
The hosts file takes precedence over DNS queries, making it a simple but powerful tool for local redirection.
Windows hosts file location: C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts
Linux/Unix hosts file location: /etc/hosts
Reference - CEH v13 Official Study Guide:
Module 6: Malware Threats
Quote:
"Attackers can redirect users to phishing or malware sites by altering the local hosts file, bypassing DNS resolution." Incorrect Options:
A). boot.ini is for boot configuration, not DNS resolution.
B). sudoers controls administrative privileges in Linux.
C). networks is for defining network names, not URL resolution.
=
NEW QUESTION # 551
Harper, a software engineer, is developing an email application. To ensure the confidentiality of email messages, Harper uses a symmetric-key block cipher having a classical 12- or 16-round Feistel network with a block size of 64 bits for encryption, which includes large 8 ร 32-bit S-boxes (S1, S2, S3, S4) based on bent functions, modular addition and subtraction, key-dependent rotation, and XOR operations. This cipher also uses a masking key (Km1) and a rotation key (Kr1) for performing its functions. What is the algorithm employed by Harper to secure the email messages?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 552
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