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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Integrated Project Management Practices | 35% | - Project Organization and Roles - Project Scope and Planning - Project Communication and Reporting - Project Risk and Opportunity Management - Project Integration Management |
| Topic 2: Fundamental Principles and Concepts of Project Management | 28.75% | - Project, Program and Portfolio Distinctions - Project Governance and Stakeholders - Project Life Cycle and Phases - Project Management Principles - Overview of ISO 21502 Standard |
| Topic 3: Individual Management Practices for a Project | 36.25% | - Closing and Evaluating the Project - Directing and Executing Work - Planning and Estimating Activities - Monitoring and Controlling Performance - Initiating and Starting a Project |
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ISO-21502-Lead-Project-Manager는PECB의 인증시험입니다.ISO-21502-Lead-Project-Manager인증시험을 패스하면PECB인증과 한 발작 더 내디딘 것입니다. 때문에ISO-21502-Lead-Project-Manager시험의 인기는 날마다 더해갑니다.ISO-21502-Lead-Project-Manager시험에 응시하는 분들도 날마다 더 많아지고 있습니다. 하지만ISO-21502-Lead-Project-Manager시험의 통과 율은 아주 낮습니다.ISO-21502-Lead-Project-Manager인증시험준비중인 여러분은 어떤 자료를 준비하였나요?
질문 # 34
Scenario:
Leute is a low-cost airline, headquartered in Wien, Austria. The company aims to offer passengers optimal options regarding its services and gain the lead role among other competitors in the airline industry. Recently, Leute experienced a major drop in revenue due to negative reviews from customers in various online platforms. To increase its profit and enhance customer satisfaction, the company decided to expand its in- flight services by offering entertainment, such as movies, audio books, and games, food for purchase in economy and full meals in premium cabins, and comforts, such as blankets and pillows. For the implementation of this project and future projects of the airline, the CEO of Leute, Michaele Wagner, decided to follow the guidelines of ISO 21502 on project management.
Initially, Allison, the project manager, created a short document in which she justified and summarized all project aspects, including: the nature and purpose of the project, the objectives of the project, key milestones of the project and the time needed to complete the project, and the audience that the project targets.
Afterward, Allison held a meeting with Michaele during which she presented this document and briefly explained each of its points. After a considerable amount of analysis and discussions, the project initiation was approved by Michaele. In addition, a team of eighteen members was authorized to start with the project activities.
While undertaking the project activities, Allison ensured that each work package takes longer than 8 hours, but less than 80 hours, so that they would be completed in 1 to 10 working days. In addition, during this phase, several changes were made in the predefined aspects of the project, which were approved by Nick Todd, the project sponsor. For instance, initially, the project delivery was set to be completed after six months. However, considering how the project was implemented and the time required for the completion of each phase, the deadline for the project completion was postponed for another two months. These changes were also reflected in the business case, which was updated accordingly.
A month after the project execution began, Allison conducted an earned value analysis to measure the progress of the project up to that stage. She measured how efficiently the work was being performed with regard to its budgeted cost, after which she concluded that it was going according to the plan. Moreover, she organized a meeting with relevant project stakeholders in order to communicate the progress report to them.
Question:
Based on scenario 3, Allison conducted the earned value analysis to measure the efficiency of work being performed with regard to its budgeted cost. Which of the following metrics did Allison use in this case?
정답：C
설명：
The correct answer is B. Cost performance index (CPI) . The scenario states that Allison measured how efficiently the work was being performed with regard to its budgeted cost. That wording corresponds directly to CPI, which is an earned value management metric used to assess cost efficiency. CPI compares the value of completed work with the actual cost incurred for that work. In standard earned value terms, CPI is calculated as EV / AC , where EV is earned value and AC is actual cost. A CPI of 1.0 means the project is performing exactly according to the cost plan; a value below 1.0 indicates cost inefficiency, and a value above 1.0 indicates cost efficiency. Cost variance (CV), by contrast, shows the amount of budget surplus or deficit at a point in time, calculated as EV minus AC. Actual cost (AC) is simply the cost incurred for performed work; it does not measure efficiency by itself. PMBOK defines CPI as a measure of cost efficiency expressed as the ratio between earned value and actual cost, reinforcing why CPI is the correct metric.
Reference topics: earned value analysis, cost performance index, cost efficiency, earned value, actual cost, cost control.
질문 # 35
Scenario:
Leute is a low-cost airline, headquartered in Wien, Austria. The company aims to offer passengers optimal options regarding its services and gain the lead role among other competitors in the airline industry. Recently, Leute experienced a major drop in revenue due to negative reviews from customers in various online platforms. To increase its profit and enhance customer satisfaction, the company decided to expand its in- flight services by offering entertainment, such as movies, audio books, and games, food for purchase in economy and full meals in premium cabins, and comforts, such as blankets and pillows. For the implementation of this project and future projects of the airline, the CEO of Leute, Michaele Wagner, decided to follow the guidelines of ISO 21502 on project management.
Initially, Allison, the project manager, created a short document in which she justified and summarized all project aspects, including: the nature and purpose of the project, the objectives of the project, key milestones of the project and the time needed to complete the project, and the audience that the project targets.
Afterward, Allison held a meeting with Michaele during which she presented this document and briefly explained each of its points. After a considerable amount of analysis and discussions, the project initiation was approved by Michaele. In addition, a team of eighteen members was authorized to start with the project activities.
While undertaking the project activities, Allison ensured that each work package takes longer than 8 hours, but less than 80 hours, so that they would be completed in 1 to 10 working days. In addition, during this phase, several changes were made in the predefined aspects of the project, which were approved by Nick Todd, the project sponsor. For instance, initially, the project delivery was set to be completed after six months. However, considering how the project was implemented and the time required for the completion of each phase, the deadline for the project completion was postponed for another two months. These changes were also reflected in the business case, which was updated accordingly.
A month after the project execution began, Allison conducted an earned value analysis to measure the progress of the project up to that stage. She measured how efficiently the work was being performed with regard to its budgeted cost, after which she concluded that it was going according to the plan. Moreover, she organized a meeting with relevant project stakeholders in order to communicate the progress report to them.
Question:
Allison prepared a short document in which she justified and summarized all project aspects. Which of the following did Allison create in this case?
정답：A
설명：
The correct answer is A. Project brief . Allison created a short document that justified and summarized the key aspects of the proposed project: its nature and purpose, objectives, key milestones, expected completion time, and target audience. That description matches the purpose of a project brief. A project brief is normally prepared early to provide enough information for decision-makers to understand why the project should be initiated, what it is expected to achieve, what its high-level boundaries are, and whether it is worth authorizing. It supports the transition from an idea or need into an approved project. A project baseline, by contrast, is an approved reference point used to compare actual performance against planned scope, schedule, or cost. A project plan is more detailed and describes how the project will be executed, monitored, controlled, and closed. Allison's document was prepared before formal approval and used to support project initiation, so it is not a baseline or a full plan. The scenario clearly states that the document justified and summarized the project and was presented before initiation approval.
Reference topics: project brief, pre-project activities, project initiation, business justification, authorization.
질문 # 36
Scenario:
Oakniture is a furniture manufacturer located in Bristol, England. It is known for its kitchen tables made out of different types of wood, such as chestnut, walnut, and oak. In early 2022, Lana, one of the senior researchers of the company, conducted a feasibility study to determine if there is a market for oak wood coffee tables, which indicated that the demand for oak wood coffee tables is relatively high. As such, Lana prepared a project brief and presented it to the top management of the company. The project brief included information on the project context and project objectives. After several discussions, the top management agreed that the project should be undertaken, but lastly, they asked Lana about the project duration. Lana claimed that the project duration cannot be determined and such information was not provided in the project brief; however, she added that the project duration will mainly depend on the competencies of the project team and on Oakniture's suppliers of wood.
Following that, the top management initiated the project and assigned Tom, the operations director, as the project manager, and Lana as the project sponsor. To manage the project, they decided to use the guidelines of ISO 21502.
Initially, Tom defined the governance and management framework alone, and then he mobilized the team and assigned the roles and responsibilities to each team member. In addition, Tom and the project team identified the stakeholders and developed the project plan. To ensure effective management of each project phase, Tom used a work breakdown structure (WBS) to organize project activities. Tom presented the project activities in the WBS by linking task dependencies and showing project milestones. In addition, Tom calculated the duration of each work package by determining the early start and early finish dates. Regarding the relationship between work packages, Tom required the project team to perform tasks in the predetermined order, regardless of any resource shortages they might experience.
A week after the project implementation began, Tom collected and analyzed data regarding the progress of the project. To keep everyone up to date, he held a meeting with Lana and project stakeholders.
Question:
Based on scenario 4, the governance and management approach was defined by Tom alone. Is this acceptable?
정답：C
설명：
The correct answer is C . Tom should not have defined the governance and management approach alone; he should have defined it in cooperation with Lana, the project sponsor. The governance and management approach establishes how the project will be directed, authorized, controlled, reported, escalated, and managed. It includes decision rights, roles, responsibilities, authority levels, reporting arrangements, assurance needs, control mechanisms, and working methods. Because governance connects the project to the sponsoring organization's objectives and business justification, the project sponsor must be involved. The project manager can develop and operationalize the approach, but the sponsor provides the business authority and ensures that governance remains aligned with organizational priorities, investment logic, and expected benefits. Option B is not the best answer because the project team may contribute delivery insight, but the project sponsor is the essential governance partner. Option A is incorrect because allowing the project manager to define governance alone would create weak oversight and could blur the distinction between management and governance. The source scenario states that Tom defined the governance and management framework alone, which is the non-compliant action being tested.
Reference topics: governance and management framework, project sponsor, project manager, authority, project organization, integrated project direction.
질문 # 37
Which of the following situations indicates a hope creep?
정답：A
설명：
The correct answer is B . Hope creep occurs when a team member falls behind schedule but reports that work is still on track because they hope to recover before the next reporting point. It is a reporting and control problem because the project manager receives inaccurate status information and may fail to identify schedule risk early. Hope creep is dangerous because it delays escalation, hides performance issues, weakens forecasting, and can cause sudden schedule slippage when recovery does not occur. Option A describes scope creep or gold plating, where unauthorized features are added to deliverables because team members believe the client may prefer them. Option C describes effort creep, where work continues but progress is not proportional to the effort being invested. Hope creep is specifically linked to optimistic or misleading progress reporting based on the expectation that the delay will be corrected later. Effective project control requires honest reporting, early issue identification, realistic forecasting, and corrective action rather than relying on unverified recovery expectations.
Reference topics: hope creep, schedule reporting, project control, progress monitoring, scope creep, effort creep.
질문 # 38
Reviewing the lessons learned is one of the steps of project closure. Which of the following activities, among others, is performed during this step?
정답：A
설명：
The correct answer is A . During the lessons learned review, recommendations for improvements are defined so they can be considered in the management of similar and future projects. Lessons learned are not merely a record of what happened; they are a structured mechanism for converting project experience into organizational knowledge. This includes identifying successful practices, problems encountered, root causes, corrective actions taken, missed opportunities, stakeholder issues, planning weaknesses, risk responses, and improvement actions. Option B relates to archiving project records and documentation for audit, compliance, traceability, or future reference. That is part of project closure, but it is not the specific activity performed when reviewing lessons learned. Option C relates to performance evaluation, where the project is assessed against the plan and objectives. That is also a closure-related activity, but it is distinct from formulating lessons-based recommendations. The lessons learned step focuses on improving future delivery capability by capturing knowledge and translating it into actionable recommendations. The uploaded question set identifies recommendation development as the relevant lessons learned activity.
Reference topics: project closure, lessons learned, recommendations for improvement, organizational learning, future project management.
질문 # 39
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