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ISQI CTFL_Syll_4.0 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Topic 1: Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle20%- Test Levels
  • 1. Integration testing
  • 2. Component testing
  • 3. System testing
  • 4. Acceptance testing
- Test Types
  • 1. Confirmation testing and regression testing
  • 2. Non-functional testing
  • 3. Black-box testing
  • 4. Functional testing
- Software Development Lifecycle Models
  • 1. Iterative and incremental development models
  • 2. Agile and DevOps approaches
  • 3. Sequential development models
- Maintenance Testing
  • 1. Triggers for maintenance
  • 2. Impact analysis
  • 3. Types of maintenance testing
Topic 2: Test Analysis and Design20%- Experience-Based Test Techniques
  • 1. Checklist-based testing
  • 2. Exploratory testing
  • 3. Error guessing
- Test Techniques
  • 1. Boundary value analysis
  • 2. Path testing
  • 3. Decision table testing
  • 4. Statement testing and decision testing
  • 5. Equivalence partitioning
  • 6. State transition testing
- Characteristics of Good Tests
  • 1. Coverage and efficiency
  • 2. Test case design principles
Topic 3: Tool Support for Testing0%- Benefits and Risks of Test Automation
  • 1. Automated and manual testing trade-offs
  • 2. Tool selection and adoption
- Tools Support
  • 1. Test design and test implementation tools
  • 2. Test execution tools
  • 3. Test planning and control tools
  • 4. Test harness and unit test framework tools
  • 5. Performance measurement and dynamic analysis tools
Topic 4: Fundamentals of Testing20%- What is Testing?
  • 1. Typical testing objectives
  • 2. Testing and debugging
- The Psychology of Testing
  • 1. Human psychology and testing
  • 2. Cognitive biases
  • 3. Tester mindset and developer's mindset
- Why is Testing Necessary?
  • 1. Defects, root causes, and consequences
  • 2. Errors, defects, and failures
  • 3. Testing's contribution to success
  • 4. Quality assurance and testing
- Test Process
  • 1. Traceability between the test basis and test items
  • 2. Testing as a process
  • 3. Test activities and tasks
  • 4. Test work products
Topic 5: Static Testing15%- Static Testing Basics
  • 1. Value of static testing
  • 2. Static testing and the test process
- Review Process
  • 1. Roles and responsibilities in reviews
  • 2. Success factors for reviews
  • 3. Review types and their characteristics
  • 4. Review phases
Topic 6: Managing the Test Activities25%- Configuration Management
  • 1. Configuration management activities
- Test Monitoring and Control
  • 1. Metrics used in test monitoring and control
  • 2. Test reporting
- Risk-Based Testing
  • 1. Risk assessment
  • 2. Risk mitigation
  • 3. Risk identification
- Defect Management
  • 1. Defect report fields
  • 2. Defect reporting tools
  • 3. Defect lifecycle
- Test Planning
  • 1. Purpose and content of a test plan
  • 2. Test estimation techniques
  • 3. Entry criteria and exit criteria

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ISQI ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 Sample Questions (Q85-Q90):

NEW QUESTION # 85
A document describes the test procedures that have been derived for the identified test sets. Among other things, the order in which the test cases in the corresponding test set are to be executed according to the dependencies described by preconditions and postconditions is specified. This document is a typical work product produced as part of:

Answer: D

Explanation:
The document that describes the test procedures, including the order in which test cases are to be executed according to dependencies described by preconditions and postconditions, is typically produced during the test implementation phase. During this phase, detailed test procedures and scripts are developed, organized, and prioritized for execution. The main goal of test implementation is to ensure that all test cases are prepared and structured in a way that supports efficient and effective test execution.
References:
* ISTQB CTFL Syllabus 4.0, Chapter 5.1.6, page 49: Test Implementation


NEW QUESTION # 86
Which review type, also known as a "buddy check", is commonly used in Agile development?

Answer: D

Explanation:
In Agile development, an informal review, often referred to as a "buddy check," is a common review type. Informal reviews are unstructured and involve a pair of colleagues reviewing each other's work to identify defects early and provide immediate feedback. This type of review is less formal than inspections or walkthroughs and is particularly suitable for Agile environments where rapid feedback and flexibility are essential.


NEW QUESTION # 87
A company wants to reward each of its salespeople with an annual bonus that represents the sum of all the bonuses accumulated for every single sale made by that salesperson. The bonus for a single sale can take on the following four values: 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% (the percentage refers to the amount of the single sale).
These values are determined on the basis of the type of customer (classified as "Basic" or "Premium") to which such sale was made, and on the amount of such sale classified into the following three groups G1, G2 and G3:
* [G1]: less than 300 euros
* [G2]: between 300 and 2000 euros
* [G3]: greater than 2000 euros
Which of the following is the minimum number of test cases needed to cover the full decision table associated with this scenario?

Answer: A

Explanation:
The minimum number of test cases needed to cover the full decision table associated with this scenario is 6.
This is because the decision table has 4 conditions (type of customer and amount of sale) and 4 actions (bonus percentage). The conditions have 2 possible values each (Basic or Premium, and G1, G2 or G3), so the total number of combinations is 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 16. However, not all combinations are valid, as some of them are contradictory or impossible. For example, a sale cannot be both less than 300 euros and greater than 2000 euros at the same time. Therefore, we need to eliminate the invalid combinations and keep only the valid ones. The valid combinations are:
Type of customer
Amount of sale
Bonus percentage
Basic
G1
3%
Basic
G2
5%
Basic
G3
7%
Premium
G1
5%
Premium
G2
7%
Premium
G3
10%
These 6 combinations cover all the possible values of the conditions and actions, and they are the minimum number of test cases needed to cover the full decision table.
References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 sources and documents,


NEW QUESTION # 88
Which of the following s the most correct statement about state testing techniques?

Answer: D

Explanation:
State testing techniques are a type of dynamic testing techniques that are based on the behavior of the system under test for different input conditions and events. Dynamic testing techniques require the system to be executed with test cases, whereas static testing techniques do not. Static testing techniques can be applied before the code is ready for execution, such as reviews, inspections, walkthroughs, and static analysis. Static testing techniques can help find defects early in the development process, improve the quality of the code, and reduce the cost and effort of dynamic testing. References = ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 Syllabus, Chapter 4, Section 4.2.1, Page 281; ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, Page 292


NEW QUESTION # 89
Which of the following statements about exploratory testing is true?

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
Exploratory testing is an experience-based test technique in which testers dynamically design and execute tests based on their knowledge, intuition, and learning of the software system, without following predefined test scripts or test cases. Exploratory testing can be conducted following a session-based approach, which is a structured way of managing and measuring exploratory testing. In a session-based approach, the testers perform uninterrupted test sessions, usually lasting between 60 and 120 minutes, with a specific charter or goal, and document the issues detected, the test coverage achieved, and the time spent in session sheets.
Session sheets are records of the test activities, results, and observations during a test session, which can be used for reporting, debriefing, and learning purposes. The other statements are false, because:
Exploratory testing is not a test technique in which testers explore the requirements specification to detect non testable requirements, but rather a test technique in which testers explore the software system to detect functional and non-functional defects, as well as to learn new information, risks, or opportunities. Non testable requirements are requirements that are ambiguous, incomplete, inconsistent, or not verifiable, which can affect the quality and effectiveness of the testing process. Non testable requirements can be detected by applying static testing techniques, such as reviews or inspections, to the requirements specification, before the software system is developed or tested.
Exploratory testing is not a test technique used by testers during informal code reviews to find defects by exploring the source code, but rather a test technique used by testers during dynamic testing to find defects by exploring the behavior and performance of the software system, without examining the source code. Informal code reviews are static testing techniques, in which the source code is analyzed by one or more reviewers, without following a formal process or using a checklist, to identify defects, violations, or improvements. Informal code reviews are usually performed by developers or peers, not by testers.
In exploratory testing, testers usually do not produce scripted tests and establish bidirectional traceability between these tests and the items of the test basis, but rather produce unscripted tests and adapt them based on the feedback and the findings of the testing process. Scripted tests are tests that are designed and documented in advance, with predefined inputs, outputs, and expected results, and are executed according to a test plan or a test procedure. Bidirectional traceability is the ability to trace both forward and backward the relationships between the items of the test basis, such as the requirements, the design, therisks, etc., and the test artifacts, such as the test cases, the test results, the defects, etc.
Scripted tests and bidirectional traceability are usually associated with more formal and structured testing approaches, such as specification-based or structure-based test techniques, not with exploratory testing. References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 sources and documents:
ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 2.2.3, Experience-based Test Design Techniques1 ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, Exploratory Testing, Session-based Testing, Session Sheet, Non Testable Requirement, Static Testing, Informal Review, Dynamic Testing, Scripted Testing, Bidirectional Traceability2


NEW QUESTION # 90
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