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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Vulnerability Management | 26% | - Vulnerability Assessment and Remediation
|
| Reporting and Communication | 16% | - Documentation and Stakeholder Communication
|
| Security Operations | 34% | - Security Monitoring and Analysis
|
| Incident Response and Management | 24% | - Incident Handling and Investigation
|
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質問 # 162
Which of the following occurs during the analysis phase of the incident response process?
正解：D
解説：
Triage occurs during the analysis phase because responders must determine what an alert represents, how serious it is, which assets are affected, and what response priority should be assigned before taking broader containment or recovery actions.
Triage typically involves validating the alert, gathering supporting telemetry, establishing whether the event is a true positive, determining scope and impact, identifying affected identities or systems, correlating indicators, and assigning severity. The outcome provides the evidence required to decide whether an event should be escalated into formal incident handling and what subsequent actions are justified. NIST incident- handling guidance has historically emphasized analyzing incident-related information in order to determine the appropriate response, while the current NIST framework continues to emphasize efficient incident detection, response, and recovery.
Isolation belongs to containment because it restricts the compromised asset's ability to communicate or spread malicious activity. Reimaging normally occurs during recovery after the environment has been contained and malicious persistence addressed. Alert writing is part of detection engineering or security- monitoring operations rather than a defining incident-analysis activity.
The sequence is therefore important: detect # analyze/triage # contain # eradicate # recover # conduct post-incident activities .
Study Guide Reference: Incident Response and Management # Incident Response Process # Detection # Analysis/Triage # Containment # Eradication # Recovery.
質問 # 163
A SOC analyst scans a group of servers to search for vulnerabilities. After analyzing the output, the analyst realizes that some OS versions were not detected properly. Which of the following is the best option to increase the accuracy of the scan?
正解：D
解説：
Credentialed scans authenticate to the target systems and can directly query the operating system for detailed configuration and version information. This provides much more accurate results than unauthenticated scanning and helps correctly identify OS versions, installed software, and vulnerabilities.
質問 # 164
Which of the following best explains why sensitive data should be encrypted at rest on laptops?
正解：A
解説：
Encryption at rest primarily protects the confidentiality of stored information when an unauthorized party obtains physical or logical access to the storage medium. This is particularly important for laptops because portable devices can be lost or stolen, giving an attacker possession of the disk outside the organization's normal network and endpoint protections.
NIST guidance on storage encryption specifically addresses laptops and other end-user devices and explains that storage encryption combines encryption and authentication to restrict unauthorized access to stored information. NIST further notes that threats involving lost or stolen end-user devices can expose information to unauthorized parties.
Encryption does not inherently prevent an authenticated and authorized user from copying information while the system is unlocked; data loss prevention controls are more directly suited to that objective. Regulatory requirements may mandate encryption in some environments, but compliance is an external requirement rather than the fundamental security reason encryption at rest exists. Option D confuses confidentiality with integrity and network protection. Encryption of data stored on a laptop is not primarily intended to validate whether network data has been modified.
The examination concept is the CIA triad: encryption primarily supports confidentiality , especially when physical possession of the storage device is lost.
Study Guide Reference: Security Operations # Data Protection # Encryption at Rest # Full-Disk Encryption
# Confidentiality # Lost/Stolen Endpoint Protection.
質問 # 165
A security analyst isolates a Windows 11 workstation from the network after known malware is detected. The list of security information and event management (SIEM) events during the malware installation and timeline does not identify a specific user who was logged in. The security analyst uses the local administrative account to log in and would like a list of logins to the machine. Which of the following PowerShell commands should the analyst use?
正解：D
解説：
Windows event ID 4624 records successful logons in the Security event log, allowing the analyst to identify users who logged in and export the results for analysis. The intended PowerShell filter key is ID=4624.
質問 # 166
A security analyst runs an Nmap scan against a host with multiple open ports using the following command:
nmap 10.10.10.1 -p-
The following output is obtained after the scan:
Starting Nmap 7.95 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2025-07-15 15:55 UTC
Note: Host seems down.
Nmap done: 1 IP address (0 hosts up) scanned in 3.16 seconds
Which of the following is the most accurate way to scan the target IP for open ports?
正解：D
解説：
The original scan fails because Nmap's host-discovery process concludes that the target appears offline before conducting the intended full port scan. Option C adds -Pn , instructing Nmap to skip normal host discovery and proceed with scanning the target as though it is online. The -p- option then instructs Nmap to test the complete TCP port range rather than only its default set.
This is appropriate when a live host does not respond to discovery probes because ICMP echo traffic or other discovery packets may be filtered by firewalls, host-based controls, or network policy. A system can therefore appear "down" to Nmap's discovery phase while still exposing reachable TCP services.
Option B uses -sn, which performs host discovery without a port scan and therefore contradicts the requirement. Option A scans only a limited set of explicitly identified ports and includes unrelated functionality. Option D unnecessarily changes the scope to an entire /24, performs operating-system detection and DNS resolution, and invokes an SSL cipher script; none of those modifications addresses the immediate host-discovery problem.
Study Guide Reference: Vulnerability Management # Nmap # Host Discovery # -Pn # Full Port Scanning - p- # Firewall/ICMP Filtering # Scan Troubleshooting.
質問 # 167
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