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Microsoft GH-500 Exam Syllabus Topics:

TopicDetails
Topic 1
  • Configure and use Code Scanning with CodeQL: This domain measures skills of Application Security Analysts and DevSecOps Engineers in code scanning using both CodeQL and third-party tools. It covers enabling code scanning, the role of code scanning in the development lifecycle, differences between enabling CodeQL versus third-party analysis, implementing CodeQL in GitHub Actions workflows versus other CI tools, uploading SARIF results, configuring workflow frequency and triggering events, editing workflow templates for active repositories, viewing CodeQL scan results, troubleshooting workflow failures and customizing configurations, analyzing data flows through code, interpreting code scanning alerts with linked documentation, deciding when to dismiss alerts, understanding CodeQL limitations related to compilation and language support, and defining SARIF categories.
Topic 2
  • Describe GitHub Advanced Security best practices, results, and how to take corrective measures: This section evaluates skills of Security Managers and Development Team Leads in effectively handling GHAS results and applying best practices. It includes using Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) and Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) identifiers to describe alerts and suggest remediation, decision-making processes for closing or dismissing alerts including documentation and data-based decisions, understanding default CodeQL query suites, how CodeQL analyzes compiled versus interpreted languages, the roles and responsibilities of development and security teams in workflows, adjusting severity thresholds for code scanning pull request status checks, prioritizing secret scanning remediation with filters, enforcing CodeQL and Dependency Review workflows via repository rulesets, and configuring code scanning, secret scanning, and dependency analysis to detect and remediate vulnerabilities earlier in the development lifecycle, such as during pull requests or by enabling push protection.
Topic 3
  • Configure and use Dependabot and Dependency Review: Focused on Software Engineers and Vulnerability Management Specialists, this section describes tools for managing vulnerabilities in dependencies. Candidates learn about the dependency graph and how it is generated, the concept and format of the Software Bill of Materials (SBOM), definitions of dependency vulnerabilities, Dependabot alerts and security updates, and Dependency Review functionality. It covers how alerts are generated based on the dependency graph and GitHub Advisory Database, differences between Dependabot and Dependency Review, enabling and configuring these tools in private repositories and organizations, default alert settings, required permissions, creating Dependabot configuration files and rules to auto-dismiss alerts, setting up Dependency Review workflows including license checks and severity thresholds, configuring notifications, identifying vulnerabilities from alerts and pull requests, enabling security updates, and taking remediation actions including testing and merging pull requests.
Topic 4
  • Describe the GHAS security features and functionality: This section of the exam measures skills of Security Engineers and Software Developers and covers understanding the role of GitHub Advanced Security (GHAS) features within the overall security ecosystem. Candidates learn to differentiate security features available automatically for open source projects versus those unlocked when GHAS is paired with GitHub Enterprise Cloud (GHEC) or GitHub Enterprise Server (GHES). The domain includes knowledge of Security Overview dashboards, the distinctions between secret scanning and code scanning, and how secret scanning, code scanning, and Dependabot work together to secure the software development lifecycle. It also covers scenarios contrasting isolated security reviews with integrated security throughout the development lifecycle, how vulnerable dependencies are detected using manifests and vulnerability databases, appropriate responses to alerts, the risks of ignoring alerts, developer responsibilities for alerts, access management for viewing alerts, and the placement of Dependabot alerts in the development process.
Topic 5
  • Configure and use secret scanning: This domain targets DevOps Engineers and Security Analysts with the skills to configure and manage secret scanning. It includes understanding what secret scanning is and its push protection capability to prevent secret leaks. Candidates differentiate secret scanning availability in public versus private repositories, enable scanning in private repos, and learn how to respond appropriately to alerts. The domain covers alert generation criteria for secrets, user role-based alert visibility and notification, customizing default scanning behavior, assigning alert recipients beyond admins, excluding files from scans, and enabling custom secret scanning within repositories.

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Microsoft GitHub Advanced Security Sample Questions (Q85-Q90):

NEW QUESTION # 85
Where is secret scanning enabled on a private repository?

Answer: A

Explanation:
Secret scanning for a private repository is enabled through the repository's security configuration/settings, currently located under Settings # Security and quality # Advanced Security. In current GitHub terminology, enabling Secret Protection enables secret scanning alerts for an eligible private or internal repository.
Repository rulesets control policies such as branch protection, required checks, and merge conditions; they are not the primary mechanism for enabling secret scanning. GitHub also does not use a secret.yml file to activate the feature. Code scanning default setup configures CodeQL analysis and is separate from secret detection.
Organization owners can additionally enable Secret Protection and secret-scanning capabilities at scale by applying security configurations to repositories. Consequently, the code security or Advanced Security settings area is the correct location, making A the correct answer.


NEW QUESTION # 86
In the pull request, how can developers avoid adding new dependencies with known vulnerabilities?

Answer: C

Explanation:
To detect and block vulnerable dependencies before merge, developers should use the Dependency Review GitHub Action in their pull request workflows. It scans all proposed dependency changes and flags any packages with known vulnerabilities.
This is a preventative measure during development, unlike Dependabot, which reacts after the fact.


NEW QUESTION # 87
As a developer, you need to configure a code scanning workflow for a repository where GitHub Advanced Security is enabled. What minimum repository permission do you need?

Answer: D

Explanation:
To create or modify a code scanning workflow file (typically under .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml), you must have Write access to the repository.
Write permission allows you to commit the workflow file, which is required to run or configure code scanning using GitHub Actions.
: GitHub Docs - Repository Permissions and Workflow Setup


NEW QUESTION # 88
The autobuild step in the CodeQL workflow has failed. What should you do?

Answer: C

Explanation:
If autobuild fails (which attempts to automatically detect how to build your project), you should disable it in your workflow and replace it with explicit build commands , using steps like run: make or run: ./gradlew build.
This ensures CodeQL can still extract and analyze the code correctly.
: GitHub Docs - CodeQL Build Configurations for Compiled Languages


NEW QUESTION # 89
Which of the following information can be found in a repository's Security tab?

Answer: B

Explanation:
You can find security alerts from Dependabot, Secret scanning, and Code scanning under your repository's Security tab. Security alerts for a repository are visible to people with write, maintain, or admin access to the repository and, when the repository is owned by an organization, organization owners.


NEW QUESTION # 90
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