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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) | 20-25% | - IBGP and EBGP - Configuration and troubleshooting - Path selection and attributes - Basic operation and message types - Policy and route filtering |
| Topic 2: High Availability | 5-8% | - NSR and GRES concepts - Graceful restart - Nonstop active routing |
| Topic 3: Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) | 10-15% | - PDUs and TLVs - Adjacencies and levels - Metrics and wide metrics - Configuration and monitoring |
| Topic 4: Spanning Tree Protocols | 8-12% | - STP, RSTP, MSTP, VSTP - Port roles and states - Configuration and convergence - BPDU and protection features |
| Topic 5: Protocol-Independent Routing | 10-15% | - Static, aggregate, and generated routes - Filter-based forwarding - Martian addresses - Routing instances and RIB groups - Load balancing |
| Topic 6: Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) | 12-18% | - Labels and LIB - Terminology and forwarding - Segment routing basics - Configuration and monitoring - LDP and RSVP |
| Topic 7: IPv6 | 8-12% | - Static and dynamic routing - Autoconfiguration - OSPFv3 and BGP for IPv6 - Address types and format |
| Topic 8: Layer 2 Bridging and VLANs | 8-12% | - Service provider switching features - Bridging concepts - VLANs and trunking |
| Topic 9: Tunnels | 5-8% | - GRE and IP-IP tunnels - Tunnel configuration and usage |
| Topic 10: Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) | 15-20% | - Link-state database - Configuration and troubleshooting - LSA types and operation - Areas and router types |
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質問 # 44
Which OSPF database packet determines which router is in charge of the database synchronization and the transferring of LSA headers between the two systems?
正解：C
解説：
The Database Description (DD) packets serve two main purposes:
1. determinining which router is in charge of the database synchronization
2. tansferring the LSA headers between the two systems
The Database Description (DBD) OSPF packet is used during the adjacency formation process to describe the contents of the topological database between routers. The routers exchange DBD packets to determine the master and slave relationship, which dictates the router in charge of the database synchronization.
質問 # 45 
Referring to the exhibit, which protocol would automatically create a full mesh of label-switched paths between MPLS-enabled routers?
正解：B
解説：
In Juniper Networks Junos OS, theLabel Distribution Protocol (LDP)is specifically designed to automate the creation of Label Switched Paths (LSPs) based on the information provided by the underlying Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP), such as OSPF or IS-IS. When LDP is enabled on a set of interfaces within an OSPF area (as shown in the exhibit with Area 0.0.0.0), it automatically discovers neighbors and exchanges label mappings for all known unicast routes in the routing table.
The defining characteristic of LDP in this context is its "topology-driven" nature. Unlike RSVP (Resource Reservation Protocol), which typically requires the manual configuration of each LSP ingress point and destination, LDP follows the IGP's shortest path tree to automatically build afull meshof LSPs between all participating routers. This means that every Provider Edge (PE) and Provider (P) router in the exhibit-PE1, PE2, PE3, P1, P2, and P3-will establish label-switched connectivity to every other router without the administrator having to define individual tunnels.
LDP accomplishes this through a downstream-unsolicited label distribution mode by default in Junos. Each router assigns a local label for its loopback address and other prefixes and advertises these to its neighbors.
Because every router is performing this action for every reachable prefix in the OSPF domain, a complete fabric of label-switched paths is formed. While RSVP is more robust for traffic engineering and bandwidth reservation, LDP is the preferred protocol for creating a simple, scalable full mesh of LSPs for applications like Layer 3 VPNs or internal BGP tunneling where complex path manipulation is not required. BFD is a failure detection protocol, and BGP is used for service signaling, making LDP the only correct choice for automatic mesh creation.
質問 # 46
Which two statements are correct about BGP? (Choose two.)
正解：C、D
質問 # 47
In OSPF, which three fields must match between neighbors before forming an adjacency?
(Choose three.)
正解：A、B、D
解説：
For OSPF neighbors to form an adjacency, certain parameters exchanged in Hello packets must match. The hello interval must be identical on both routers so they send Hello packets at the same rate. The network mask must match on broadcast and nonbroadcast networks to ensure both routers are operating on the same subnet. The dead interval must also match so both routers agree on how long to wait before declaring a neighbor down.
質問 # 48
Exhibit:
user@R1> show route 10.16.2.0/23 exact detail
inet.0: 12 destinations, 12 routes (11 active, 0 holddown, 1 hidden)
10.16.2.0/23 (1 entry, 1 announced)
*Aggregate Preference: 130
Next hop type: Reject
Address: 0x8f3fd44
Next-hop reference count: 2
State: <Active Int Ext>
Age: 1:39:21
Task: Aggregate
Announcement bits (1): 0-KRT
AS path: I (LocalAgg)
Flags: Depth: 0 Active
AS path list:
AS path: I Refcount: 2
Contributing Routes (2):
10.16.2.0/24 proto Direct
10.16.3.0/24 proto Direct
Which destination IP address will be matched by the aggregate route shown in the exhibit?
正解：A
解説：
In the Juniper Networks Junos operating system,aggregate routesare used to represent a group of more specific routes with a single, shorter prefix. This technique is essential for reducing the size of routing tables and minimizing the volume of routing updates sent to neighbors. According to Juniper technical documentation, for a destination IP address to "match" a specific route, it must fall within the range defined by the network address and its associated CIDR mask.
The provided exhibit shows a detailed lookup for the aggregate route$10.16.2.0/23$. To determine the range of IP addresses covered by a $/23$ mask, we examine the binary representation of the third octet. A $/23$ mask means the first 23 bits are fixed. For the address $10.16.2.0$:
* The first two octets ($10.16$) are fixed.
* The third octet ($2$) is $00000010$ in binary.
* The 23rd bit is the second-to-last bit of this octet.
* The $/23$ range allows the 24th bit (the last bit of the third octet) and all 8 bits of the fourth octet to vary.
This results in a range where the third octet can be either $2$ ($00000010$) or $3$ ($00000011$). Therefore, the aggregate route $10.16.2.0/23$ covers all IP addresses from$10.16.2.0$ to $10.16.3.255$. The exhibit further confirms this by listing the "Contributing Routes": $10.16.2.0/24$ and $10.16.3.0/24$.
Analyzing the provided options against this range:
* 10.16.3.79 (Option A):This address falls squarely within the $10.16.2.0$ to $10.16.3.255$ range.
* 10.16.0.4 (Option B):This address falls in the $10.16.0.0/23$ range ($0.0$ to $1.255$).
* 10.16.4.183 (Option C):This address falls in the $10.16.4.0/23$ range ($4.0$ to $5.255$).
* 10.16.1.214 (Option D):This address also falls in the $10.16.0.0/23$ range.
Consequently,10.16.3.79is the only destination listed that matches the aggregate route shown. It is also important to note theNext hop type: Rejectin the exhibit; this means that if a packet matches the aggregate but does not match any of the more specific contributing routes, the router will drop the packet and send an ICMP unreachable message to the source.
質問 # 49
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ちなみに、MogiExam JN0-364の一部をクラウドストレージからダウンロードできます：https://drive.google.com/open?id=1Xfdn-CmEXTKXQFzfh8RN9rgkjRqgJaqK