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NEW QUESTION # 205
A CCP is on their first assessment for CMMC Level 2 with an Assessment Team and is reviewing the CMMC Assessment Process to understand their responsibilities. Which method gathers information from the subject matter experts to facilitate understanding and achieve clarification?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Understanding CMMC Assessment Methods
TheCMMC Assessment Process (CAP)definesthree primary assessment methodsused to verify compliance with cybersecurity practices:
Examine- Reviewing documents, policies, configurations, and logs.
Interview- Engaging with subject matter experts (SMEs) to clarify processes and verify implementation.
Test- Observing technical implementations, such as system configurations and security measures.
Since the question asks for a method thatgathers information from SMEs to facilitate understanding and achieve clarification, the correct method isInterview.
Why "Interview" is Correct?
#Interviewsare specifically designed togather information from SMEsto confirm understanding and clarify security processes.
#TheCMMC Assessment Guiderequires assessors tointerview key personnelresponsible for cybersecurity practices.
#Examine (Option B)andTest (Option A)are also valid assessment methods, but they donot focus on gathering insights directly from SMEs.
Breakdown of Answer Choices
Option
Description
Correct?
A). Test
#Incorrect-This method involvestechnical verification, not gathering SME insights.
B). Examine
#Incorrect-This method focuses ondocument review, not SME interaction.
C). Interview
#Correct - The method used to gather information from SMEs and achieve clarification.
D). Assessment
#Incorrect-This is a general term,not a specific assessment method.
Official References from CMMC 2.0 Documentation
CMMC Assessment Process Guide (CAP)- DefinesInterviewas the method for obtaining information from SMEs.
Final Verification and Conclusion
The correct answer isC. Interview, as this methodgathers insights from subject matter expertsto verify cybersecurity implementations.
NEW QUESTION # 206
Which standard and regulation requirements are the CMMC Model 2.0 based on?
Answer: D
Explanation:
TheCybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) 2.0is primarily based on two key National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publications:
NIST SP 800-171- "Protecting Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) in Nonfederal Systems and Organizations" NIST SP 800-172- "Enhanced Security Requirements for Protecting Controlled Unclassified Information: A Supplement to NIST Special Publication 800-171" NIST SP 800-171 This document is thecore foundationof CMMC 2.0 and establishes the security requirements for protectingControlled Unclassified Information (CUI)in non-federal systems.
The 110 security controls fromNIST SP 800-171 Rev. 2are mapped directly toCMMC Level 2.
NIST SP 800-172
This supplement includesenhanced security requirementsfor organizations handlinghigh-value CUIthat faces advanced persistent threats (APTs).
These enhanced requirements apply toCMMC Level 3under the 2.0 model.
B). DFARS, FIPS 100, and NIST SP 800-171#Incorrect
WhileDFARS 252.204-7012mandates compliance withNIST SP 800-171,FIPS 100 does not existas a relevant cybersecurity standard.
C). DFARS, NIST, and Carnegie Mellon University#Incorrect
CMMC is aligned with DFARS and NIST but isnot developed or directly influenced by Carnegie Mellon University.
D). DFARS, FIPS 100, NIST SP 800-171, and Carnegie Mellon University#Incorrect Again,FIPS 100 is not relevant, andCarnegie Mellon Universityis not a defining entity in the CMMC framework.
CMMC 2.0 Scoping Guide (2023)confirms thatCMMC Level 2 is entirely based on NIST SP 800-171.
CMMC 2.0 Level 3 Draft Documentationexplicitly referencesNIST SP 800-172for enhanced security requirements.
DoD Interim Rule (DFARS 252.204-7021)mandates that organizations meetNIST SP 800-171 for CUI protection.
Reference and Breakdown:Eliminating Incorrect Answer Choices:Official CMMC 2.0 References Supporting the Answer Final Conclusion:The CMMC 2.0 model is derivedsolely from NIST SP 800-171 and NIST SP
800-172, makingAnswer A the only correct choice.
NEW QUESTION # 207
Where does the requirement to include a required practice of ensuring that personnel are trained to carry out their assigned information security-related duties and responsibilities FIRST appear?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Understanding Training Requirements in CMMC
The requirement for ensuring thatpersonnel are trained to carry out their assigned information security-related duties and responsibilitiesfirst appears inCMMC Level 2as part ofNIST SP 800-171 control AT.L2-3.2.1.
Key Details on the Training Requirement:
#AT.L2-3.2.1: "Ensure that personnel are trained to carry out their assigned information security-related duties and responsibilities."
#This control is derived fromNIST SP 800-171and applies toCMMC Level 2 (Advanced).
#It ensures that employees handlingControlled Unclassified Information (CUI)understand theircybersecurity responsibilities.
Why is the Correct Answer "B. Level 2"?
A). Level 1 # Incorrect
CMMC Level 1 does not include this training requirement.Level 1 focuses on basic safeguarding ofFederal Contract Information (FCI)but doesnot require formal cybersecurity training.
B). Level 2 # Correct
The training requirement (AT.L2-3.2.1) first appears in CMMC Level 2, which aligns withNIST SP 800-171.
C). Level 3 # Incorrect
The training requirementalready exists in Level 2. Level 3 builds on Level 2 with additionalrisk management and advanced cybersecurity controls, but training is introduced at Level 2.
D). All levels # Incorrect
CMMC Level 1 does not include this requirement-it is first introduced in Level 2.
CMMC 2.0 References Supporting This Answer:
NIST SP 800-171 (Requirement 3.2.1)
Defines themandatory training requirementfor personnel handling CUI.
CMMC Assessment Guide for Level 2
ListsAT.L2-3.2.1as a required practice under Level 2.
CMMC 2.0 Model Overview
Confirms thatCMMC Level 2 aligns with NIST SP 800-171, which includes security training requirements.
NEW QUESTION # 208
In scoping a CMMC Level 1 Self-Assessment, all of the computers and digital assets that handle FCI are identified. A file cabinet that contains paper FCI is also identified. What can this file cabinet BEST be determined to be?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Does a File Cabinet Containing Paper FCI Fall Within CMMC Scope?CMMConly applies to digital systems and assetsthatprocess, store, or transmitFederal Contract Information (FCI)andControlled Unclassified Information (CUI).Physical storage (such as paper documents) is not included in CMMC scoping.
Step-by-Step Breakdown:#1. CMMC Scope Covers Only Digital Systems and Assets According to theCMMC Scoping Guide (Level 1),only digital assetsthat handleFCIarein scopefor aLevel 1 Self-Assessment.
Afile cabinetisnot a digital system; therefore, it isnot in scopefor CMMC compliance.
#2. Why the Other Answer Choices Are Incorrect:
(A) In scope, because it is an asset that stores FCI#
Incorrect:While the file cabinetdoes store FCI,CMMC only applies to digital systems.
(B) In scope, because it is part of the same physical location#
Incorrect:CMMCdoes notconsiderphysical proximitywhen determining scope-only digital data handling matters.
(D) Out of scope, because it does not process or transmit FCI#
Partially correct, but incomplete: Themain reasonit is out of scope is that itcontains only paper documents, not that it doesn't process/transmit data.
TheCMMC Level 1 Scoping Guideexplicitly states thatpaper-based storage of FCI does not fall within scope.
Final Validation from CMMC Documentation:Thus, the correct answer is:
#C. Out of scope, because they are all only paper documents.
NEW QUESTION # 209
A Lead Assessor is planning an assessment and scheduling the test activities. Who MUST perform tests to obtain evidence?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Understanding Who Must Perform Tests in a CMMC AssessmentDuring aCMMC Level 2 Assessment, assessorsmust observe operational activities and security practicesto verify compliance. This process involves:
#Testing security controls and proceduresas part of the assessment.
#Observation of standard work practicesto ensure controls are properly implemented.
#Using operational personnel (OSC employees) who regularly perform the taskto ensure realistic assessment conditions.
Operational personnel (OSC employees) must conduct the actual work while assessors observe.
Certified CMMC Professionals (CCPs) or Lead Assessorsoversee and document the testing process.
Who Performs Tests?
A). OSC personnel who normally perform that work as the CCP observes # Correct CMMC assessments require actual users (OSC personnel) to perform their regular duties while assessors observeto verify security practices.
B). Military personnel and the CCP and/or Lead Assessor to test the adequacy of the written procedure(s) # Incorrect Military personnel are not responsible for testing contractor security controls.
Assessors observe and evaluate but do not perform testing themselves.
C). Military personnel assigned to the contractor for that contract to ensure the confidentiality of the CUI # Incorrect Military personnel do not perform the testing.
The contractor (OSC) is responsible for implementing and demonstrating security controls.
D). OSC personnel who do not ordinarily perform that work to evaluate the accuracy of the written procedure (s) # Incorrect Personnel unfamiliar with the job should not be used for testing.
Theassessment must reflect real-world conditions, so theactual employees who perform the work must demonstrate the process.
Why is the Correct Answer "A" (OSC personnel who normally perform that work as the CCP observes)?
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Document
Specifies thatassessments must observe real operational activities to determine compliance.
CMMC-AB Assessment Methodology
Requirestesting of security controls in a realistic operational environment, meaning actual OSC personnel must perform the tasks.
NIST SP 800-171A (Assessment Procedures for NIST SP 800-171)
Specifies thatinterviews and observations should be conducted with personnel who regularly perform the work.
NEW QUESTION # 210
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