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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Maintaining and automating data workloads (~15% of the exam) | 15% | - Designing for reliability and fidelity
|
| Preparing and using data for analysis (~15% of the exam) | 15% | - Preparing data for visualization
|
| Designing data processing systems (~30% of the exam) | 30% | - Selecting appropriate storage technologies
|
| Storing the data (~20% of the exam) | 20% | - Using a data lake
|
| Ingesting and processing the data (~20% of the exam) | 20% | - Performing security considerations
|
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NEW QUESTION # 104
You work for a large real estate firm and are preparing 6 TB of home sales data lo be used for machine learning You will use SOL to transform the data and use BigQuery ML lo create a machine learning model. You plan to use the model for predictions against a raw dataset that has not been transformed. How should you set up your workflow in order to prevent skew at prediction time?
Answer: C
Explanation:
https://cloud.google.com/bigquery-ml/docs/bigqueryml-transform Using the TRANSFORM clause, you can specify all preprocessing during model creation. The preprocessing is automatically applied during the prediction and evaluation phases of machine learning
NEW QUESTION # 105
You are building a streaming Dataflow pipeline that ingests noise level data from hundreds of sensors placed near construction sites across a city. The sensors measure noise level every ten seconds, and send that data to the pipeline when levels reach above 70 dBA. You need to detect the average noise level from a sensor when data is received for a duration of more than 30 minutes, but the window ends when no data has been received for 15 minutes What should you do?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The key requirements for the windowing strategy are:
* A window groups data for a specific sensor.
* A window should contain data spanningat least30 minutes ("duration of more than 30 minutes" implies activity for this period).
* A window for a sensorendswhen no data has been received from that sensor for 15 minutes (this is a gap).
This scenario perfectly describessession windows.
* Session Windows:Session windows group elements (per key, e.g., per sensor ID) that arrive within a certain "gap duration" of each other. A new session starts if data for a key arrives after the gap duration has passed since the last data point for that key.
* In this case, if data stops arriving for a sensor for 15 minutes, the current session for that sensor closes. This matches "the window ends when no data has been received for 15 minutes."
* The "duration of more than 30 minutes" requirement is a condition you would applyafterthe session window closes. You'd calculate the duration of the data within the closed session window and only compute the average if that session's duration (span of event times within it) exceeds 30 minutes.
Session windows themselves don't have a fixed duration; their duration is determined by data activity and the gap.
Let's analyze why other options are less suitable:
* A (Hopping windows with a 15-minute window, and a thirty-minute period):Hopping windows have a fixed size and a fixed period. They create overlapping windows. This doesn't align with the dynamic nature of sessions ending based on inactivity. A 30-minute period with a 15-minute window means windows like [0:00-0:15], [0:15-0:30], [0:30-0:45]. If activity is continuous, a 30-minute activity span would be covered, but the window closing is not based on a 15-minute gap of inactivity.
* B (Tumbling windows with a 15-minute window and a fifteen-minute .withAllowedLateness operator):Tumbling windows are fixed-size, non-overlapping windows. .withAllowedLateness deals with late data arriving for a window that has already passed its end time, not with defining the window based on activity gaps.
* C (Session windows with a 30-minute gap duration):This would mean a session ends only if there's a
30-minute gap of inactivity. The requirement is a 15-minute gap.
Therefore, session windows with a 15-minute gap duration (Option D) correctly model the requirement for windows to close after 15 minutes of inactivity from a sensor. The subsequent filtering for sessions lasting more than 30 minutes is a downstream operation.
Reference:
Apache Beam Programming Guide > Windowing > Windowing functions > Session windows. "Session windowing assigns elements to windows that represent sessions of activity. A session window starts when the first element arrives for a key. If another element arrives for that key within the specified gap duration, that element is included in the existing session window. If an element arrives after the gap duration, a new session window starts for that element... Session windows are useful for data that is irregularly distributed with respect to time, such as user activity data." This directly matches the sensor data behavior: data arrives when noise is high, and a period of no data for 15 minutes should close the analysis window for that sensor.
NEW QUESTION # 106
Flowlogistic Case Study
Company Overview
Flowlogistic is a leading logistics and supply chain provider. They help businesses throughout the world manage their resources and transport them to their final destination. The company has grown rapidly, expanding their offerings to include rail, truck, aircraft, and oceanic shipping.
Company Background
The company started as a regional trucking company, and then expanded into other logistics market.
Because they have not updated their infrastructure, managing and tracking orders and shipments has become a bottleneck. To improve operations, Flowlogistic developed proprietary technology for tracking shipments in real time at the parcel level. However, they are unable to deploy it because their technology stack, based on Apache Kafka, cannot support the processing volume. In addition, Flowlogistic wants to further analyze their orders and shipments to determine how best to deploy their resources.
Solution Concept
Flowlogistic wants to implement two concepts using the cloud:
Use their proprietary technology in a real-time inventory-tracking system that indicates the location of
their loads
Perform analytics on all their orders and shipment logs, which contain both structured and unstructured
data, to determine how best to deploy resources, which markets to expand info. They also want to use predictive analytics to learn earlier when a shipment will be delayed.
Existing Technical Environment
Flowlogistic architecture resides in a single data center:
Databases
8 physical servers in 2 clusters
- SQL Server - user data, inventory, static data
3 physical servers
- Cassandra - metadata, tracking messages
10 Kafka servers - tracking message aggregation and batch insert
Application servers - customer front end, middleware for order/customs
60 virtual machines across 20 physical servers
- Tomcat - Java services
- Nginx - static content
- Batch servers
Storage appliances
- iSCSI for virtual machine (VM) hosts
- Fibre Channel storage area network (FC SAN) - SQL server storage
- Network-attached storage (NAS) image storage, logs, backups
Apache Hadoop /Spark servers
- Core Data Lake
- Data analysis workloads
20 miscellaneous servers
- Jenkins, monitoring, bastion hosts,
Business Requirements
Build a reliable and reproducible environment with scaled panty of production.
Aggregate data in a centralized Data Lake for analysis
Use historical data to perform predictive analytics on future shipments
Accurately track every shipment worldwide using proprietary technology
Improve business agility and speed of innovation through rapid provisioning of new resources
Analyze and optimize architecture for performance in the cloud
Migrate fully to the cloud if all other requirements are met
Technical Requirements
Handle both streaming and batch data
Migrate existing Hadoop workloads
Ensure architecture is scalable and elastic to meet the changing demands of the company.
Use managed services whenever possible
Encrypt data flight and at rest
Connect a VPN between the production data center and cloud environment
SEO Statement
We have grown so quickly that our inability to upgrade our infrastructure is really hampering further growth and efficiency. We are efficient at moving shipments around the world, but we are inefficient at moving data around.
We need to organize our information so we can more easily understand where our customers are and what they are shipping.
CTO Statement
IT has never been a priority for us, so as our data has grown, we have not invested enough in our technology. I have a good staff to manage IT, but they are so busy managing our infrastructure that I cannot get them to do the things that really matter, such as organizing our data, building the analytics, and figuring out how to implement the CFO' s tracking technology.
CFO Statement
Part of our competitive advantage is that we penalize ourselves for late shipments and deliveries. Knowing where out shipments are at all times has a direct correlation to our bottom line and profitability.
Additionally, I don't want to commit capital to building out a server environment.
Flowlogistic's management has determined that the current Apache Kafka servers cannot handle the data volume for their real-time inventory tracking system. You need to build a new system on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) that will feed the proprietary tracking software. The system must be able to ingest data from a variety of global sources, process and query in real-time, and store the data reliably. Which combination of GCP products should you choose?
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 107
You need to store and analyze social media postings in Google BigQuery at a rate of 10,000 messages per minute in near real-time. Initially, design the application to use streaming inserts for individual postings. Your application also performs data aggregations right after the streaming inserts. You discover that the queries after streaming inserts do not exhibit strong consistency, and reports from the queries might miss in-flight data. How can you adjust your application design?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The data is first comes to buffer and then written to Storage. If we are running queries in buffer we will face above mentioned issues. If we wait for the bigquery to write the data to storage then we won't face the issue.
So We need to wait till it's written tio storage
NEW QUESTION # 108
MJTelco Case Study
Company Overview
MJTelco is a startup that plans to build networks in rapidly growing, underserved markets around the world.
The company has patents for innovative optical communications hardware. Based on these patents, they can create many reliable, high-speed backbone links with inexpensive hardware.
Company Background
Founded by experienced telecom executives, MJTelco uses technologies originally developed to overcome communications challenges in space. Fundamental to their operation, they need to create a distributed data infrastructure that drives real-time analysis and incorporates machine learning to continuously optimize their topologies. Because their hardware is inexpensive, they plan to overdeploy the network allowing them to account for the impact of dynamic regional politics on location availability and cost.
Their management and operations teams are situated all around the globe creating many-to-many relationship between data consumers and provides in their system. After careful consideration, they decided public cloud is the perfect environment to support their needs.
Solution Concept
MJTelco is running a successful proof-of-concept (PoC) project in its labs. They have two primary needs:
* Scale and harden their PoC to support significantly more data flows generated when they ramp to more than 50,000 installations.
* Refine their machine-learning cycles to verify and improve the dynamic models they use to control topology definition.
MJTelco will also use three separate operating environments - development/test, staging, and production - to meet the needs of running experiments, deploying new features, and serving production customers.
Business Requirements
* Scale up their production environment with minimal cost, instantiating resources when and where needed in an unpredictable, distributed telecom user community.
* Ensure security of their proprietary data to protect their leading-edge machine learning and analysis.
* Provide reliable and timely access to data for analysis from distributed research workers
* Maintain isolated environments that support rapid iteration of their machine-learning models without affecting their customers.
Technical Requirements
Ensure secure and efficient transport and storage of telemetry data
Rapidly scale instances to support between 10,000 and 100,000 data providers with multiple flows each.
Allow analysis and presentation against data tables tracking up to 2 years of data storing approximately 100m records/day Support rapid iteration of monitoring infrastructure focused on awareness of data pipeline problems both in telemetry flows and in production learning cycles.
CEO Statement
Our business model relies on our patents, analytics and dynamic machine learning. Our inexpensive hardware is organized to be highly reliable, which gives us cost advantages. We need to quickly stabilize our large distributed data pipelines to meet our reliability and capacity commitments.
CTO Statement
Our public cloud services must operate as advertised. We need resources that scale and keep our data secure.
We also need environments in which our data scientists can carefully study and quickly adapt our models.
Because we rely on automation to process our data, we also need our development and test environments to work as we iterate.
CFO Statement
The project is too large for us to maintain the hardware and software required for the data and analysis. Also, we cannot afford to staff an operations team to monitor so many data feeds, so we will rely on automation and infrastructure. Google Cloud's machine learning will allow our quantitative researchers to work on our high-value problems instead of problems with our data pipelines.
You need to compose visualization for operations teams with the following requirements:
* Telemetry must include data from all 50,000 installations for the most recent 6 weeks (sampling once every minute)
* The report must not be more than 3 hours delayed from live data.
* The actionable report should only show suboptimal links.
* Most suboptimal links should be sorted to the top.
* Suboptimal links can be grouped and filtered by regional geography.
* User response time to load the report must be <5 seconds.
You create a data source to store the last 6 weeks of data, and create visualizations that allow viewers to see multiple date ranges, distinct geographic regions, and unique installation types. You always show the latest data without any changes to your visualizations. You want to avoid creating and updating new visualizations each month. What should you do?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 109
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