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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Special Collections | 12% | - Therapeutic drug monitoring - Glucose tolerance & dynamic tests - Blood cultures & sterile collection - Pediatric & geriatric collections - Blood alcohol & legal collections |
| Topic 2: Routine Blood Collections | 28% | - Tourniquet use & vein assessment - Order of draw & tube selection - Capillary puncture procedures - Venipuncture techniques & equipment - Post-collection care & labeling |
| Topic 3: Patient Preparation | 20% | - Site selection & preparation - Informed consent & communication - Requisition review & test verification - Patient identification & verification - Patient positioning & comfort |
| Topic 4: Safety and Compliance | 26% | - Bloodborne pathogens & exposure control - Infection control & OSHA standards - HIPAA & patient confidentiality - Quality control & error prevention - PPE & sharps disposal |
| Topic 5: Specimen Processing & Handling | 14% | - Aliquoting & preservation - Specimen rejection criteria - Documentation & tracking - Transport & storage requirements - Processing & centrifugation |
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NEW QUESTION # 59
Which of the following tube colors is commonly used for coagulation testing?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Light-blue tubes are commonly used for coagulation testing because they contain sodium citrate. Citrate binds calcium reversibly, preventing clotting while preserving the specimen for coagulation analysis such as PT, INR, and aPTT. The tube must be filled to the required level because coagulation testing depends on a precise blood-to-anticoagulant ratio. Underfilling a light-blue tube can falsely prolong clotting results and cause specimen rejection. Lavender tubes contain EDTA and are commonly used for hematology tests such as CBC. Gray tubes often contain sodium fluoride and potassium oxalate and are used for glucose or lactate testing depending on facility protocol. Red tubes are generally serum tubes without anticoagulant or with clot activator depending on manufacturer. The phlebotomist must collect light-blue tubes in the correct order of draw and inspect for proper fill. This is a high-yield NHA-style concept because it combines tube color, additive, test department, and specimen acceptability. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; coagulation tubes; sodium citrate; fill volume; order of draw.
NEW QUESTION # 60
A patient states they ate breakfast 1 hour before a fasting lipid panel. Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The phlebotomist should ask the provider or follow facility policy to determine whether the specimen should still be collected. A fasting lipid panel can be affected by recent food intake, especially triglyceride-related measurements and specimen lipemia. The phlebotomist must not falsely mark the specimen as fasting because that creates inaccurate documentation and can mislead clinical interpretation. Telling the patient to drink water and wait 30 minutes does not restore the required fasting state. Changing the order to another test is outside the phlebotomist's scope; only an authorized provider can change laboratory orders. The proper role is to verify patient preparation, document noncompliance if the draw proceeds, and communicate the issue through the appropriate workflow. Patient preparation is a major preanalytical control point. A technically perfect venipuncture can still produce clinically misleading results if fasting, medication timing, posture, or timing requirements are ignored. Reference topics: Patient Preparation; fasting requirements; patient compliance; requisition review; preanalytical variables.
NEW QUESTION # 61
Which of the following actions should a phlebotomist take after removing gloves?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The phlebotomist should perform hand hygiene after removing gloves. Gloves reduce contamination but do not replace hand hygiene. Hands can become contaminated during glove removal, and gloves may have microscopic defects. Putting used gloves in a lab coat pocket is a contamination hazard. Sanitizing gloves for reuse is incorrect because medical gloves used during patient care are single-use items and should be discarded appropriately. Touching clean supplies immediately after glove removal without hand hygiene can contaminate the clean supply area and spread organisms to future patients. Proper glove workflow includes performing hand hygiene before gloving when indicated, wearing gloves for blood collection, avoiding unnecessary surface contact while gloved, removing gloves without contaminating the hands, discarding them properly, and performing hand hygiene afterward. This question tests routine infection-control behavior. Many healthcare-associated contamination events happen through simple missed hand hygiene after glove removal. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; hand hygiene; glove removal; standard precautions; contamination prevention.
NEW QUESTION # 62
From which of the following sites should a phlebotomist take a capillary collection from a 3-year-old child?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 63
Which of the following laboratory departments performs a CBC and ESR?
Answer: C
Explanation:
CBC and ESR testing are performed in the hematology department. A complete blood count evaluates formed elements of blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet count, and sometimes differential cell counts. ESR, or erythrocyte sedimentation rate, is also a hematology procedure because it measures the rate at which red blood cells settle in anticoagulated blood over a defined time. Chemistry handles serum or plasma analytes such as glucose, electrolytes, enzymes, renal markers, liver markers, and metabolic panels. Serology focuses on immune reactions, antibodies, antigens, and infectious or immunologic testing. Microbiology deals with organisms, cultures, stains, and susceptibility testing. Knowing laboratory departments helps the phlebotomist route specimens correctly, answer workflow questions accurately, and understand tube selection and specimen handling requirements. For CBC and ESR, anticoagulated whole blood is typically required, commonly collected in lavender-top EDTA tubes depending on the laboratory's procedure. NHA CPT competencies include laboratory departments, blood components, specimen processing, specimen transport, and communication of laboratory information. Reference topics: Processing Specimens; hematology department; CBC; ESR; specimen routing.
NEW QUESTION # 64
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