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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Mobile Platform and IoT Attacks | 7% | - Mobile Platform Attack Vectors
|
| Wireless Network Attacks | 9% | - Wireless Network Concepts
|
| Sniffing and Evasion | 10% | - Network Evasion
|
| Web Application Attacks | 19% | - Web Application Concepts and Attacks
|
| Vulnerability Analysis | 7% | - Vulnerability Assessment Concepts
|
| System Hacking | 17% | - System Hacking Methodologies
|
| Reconnaissance Techniques | 21% | - Footprinting and Reconnaissance
|
| Cloud and Container Attacks | 10% | - Cloud Computing Concepts
|
| Information Security and Ethical Hacking Overview | 6% | - Information Security Overview
|
| Malware Threats | 8% | - Malware Analysis and Distribution
|
| Cryptography and Post-Exploitation | 13% | - Post-Exploitation Techniques
|
| Enumeration | 15% | - Enumeration Concepts
|
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NEW QUESTION # 820
Fingerprinting an Operating System helps a cracker because:
Answer: D
Explanation:
OS fingerprinting helps attackers identify the operating system and version running on a target host. This allows them to:
Determine potential vulnerabilities
Choose appropriate exploits for the OS version and configuration
Bypass ineffective defenses
From CEH v13 Courseware:
Module 3: Scanning Networks
Topic: Active and Passive OS Fingerprinting
CEH v13 Study Guide states:
"Fingerprinting identifies the OS type/version and helps attackers choose specific exploits that apply to that system." Incorrect Options:
A: Software enumeration is different from OS fingerprinting.
B/C: Misleading or incorrect in this context.
Reference:CEH v13 Study Guide - Module 3: OS Fingerprinting and ReconnaissanceNmap OS Detection (nmap.org)
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NEW QUESTION # 821
A penetration tester evaluates the security of an iOS mobile application that handles sensitive user information. The tester discovers that the application is vulnerable to insecure data transmission. What is the most effective method to exploit this vulnerability?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The CEH v13 courseware states that insecure communication occurs when mobile applications transmit sensitive data over unencrypted or weakly encrypted channels, exposing information to interception. When an application uses plain HTTP or does not properly validate certificates, attackers can place themselves between the client and server using a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack. This allows them to read session tokens, credentials, API keys, or personal user data as it travels across the network. CEH materials emphasize that MitM attacks are the primary exploitation technique for insecure data transmission because they exploit weaknesses in transport-layer security rather than weaknesses in backend code or authentication mechanisms.
SQL injection and CSRF attacks target web application logic, not transport encryption. Brute-force attacks target authentication mechanisms and are unrelated to how data is transmitted. Therefore, the most effective exploitation method is intercepting traffic via MitM to capture or manipulate unencrypted communications.
NEW QUESTION # 822
Robin, an attacker, is attempting to bypass the firewalls of an organization through the DNS tunneling method in order to exfiltrate data. He is using the NSTX tool for bypassing the firewalls. On which of the following ports should Robin run the NSTX tool?
Answer: A
Explanation:
DNS uses Ports 53 which is almost always open on systems, firewalls, and clients to transmit DNS queries.
instead of the more familiar Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) these queries use User Datagram Protocol (UDP) due to its low-latency, bandwidth and resource usage compared TCP-equivalent queries. UDP has no error or flow-control capabilities, nor does it have any integrity checking to make sure the info arrived intact.
How is internet use (browsing, apps, chat etc) so reliable then? If the UDP DNS query fails (it's a best-effort protocol after all) within the first instance, most systems will retry variety of times and only after multiple failures, potentially switch to TCP before trying again; TCP is additionally used if the DNS query exceeds the restrictions of the UDP datagram size - typically 512 bytes for DNS but can depend upon system settings.
Figure 1 below illustrates the essential process of how DNS operates: the client sends a question string (for example, mail.google[.]com during this case) with a particular type - typically A for a number address. I've skipped the part whereby intermediate DNS systems may need to establish where '.com' exists, before checking out where 'google[.]com' are often found, and so on.
Many worms and scanners are created to seek out and exploit systems running telnet. Given these facts, it's really no surprise that telnet is usually seen on the highest Ten Target Ports list. Several of the vulnerabilities of telnet are fixed. They require only an upgrade to the foremost current version of the telnet Daemon or OS upgrade. As is usually the case, this upgrade has not been performed on variety of devices. this might flow from to the very fact that a lot of systems administrators and users don't fully understand the risks involved using telnet. Unfortunately, the sole solution for a few of telnets vulnerabilities is to completely discontinue its use. the well-liked method of mitigating all of telnets vulnerabilities is replacing it with alternate protocols like ssh. Ssh is capable of providing many of an equivalent functions as telnet and a number of other additional services typical handled by other protocols like FTP and Xwindows. Ssh does still have several drawbacks to beat before it can completely replace telnet. it's typically only supported on newer equipment. It requires processor and memory resources to perform the info encryption and decryption. It also requires greater bandwidth than telnet thanks to the encryption of the info . This paper was written to assist clarify how dangerous the utilization of telnet are often and to supply solutions to alleviate the main known threats so as to enhance the general security of the web Once a reputation is resolved to an IP caching also helps: the resolved name-to-IP is usually cached on the local system (and possibly on intermediate DNS servers) for a period of your time . Subsequent queries for an equivalent name from an equivalent client then don't leave the local system until said cache expires. Of course, once the IP address of the remote service is understood , applications can use that information to enable other TCP-based protocols, like HTTP, to try to to their actual work, for instance ensuring internet cat GIFs are often reliably shared together with your colleagues.So, beat all, a couple of dozen extra UDP DNS queries from an organization's network would be fairly inconspicuous and will leave a malicious payload to beacon bent an adversary; commands could even be received to the requesting application for processing with little difficulty.
NEW QUESTION # 823
In ethical hacking, what is black box testing?
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to CEH v13, black box testing refers to a testing approach where the ethical hacker has no prior knowledge of the internal structure, source code, or configuration of the system.
The attacker simulates a real-world external attacker, relying solely on discovery and exploitation techniques.
* White box testing = full knowledge
* Gray box testing = partial knowledge
NEW QUESTION # 824
Consider the following Nmap output:
What command-line parameter could you use to determine the type and version number of the web server?
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to CEH v13 Module 03: Scanning Networks, when using Nmap for service enumeration and fingerprinting, the flag to determine service version and type information is:
-sV - Version Detection Scan
nmap -sV <target IP> instructs Nmap to actively connect to open ports and probe the services running on those ports. This technique helps identify:
The service name (e.g., Apache, Nginx, etc.)
The version number (e.g., Apache 2.4.54)
The OS or device details (when possible)
This is especially useful when ports like 80 (HTTP) and 443 (HTTPS) are open, as it helps determine which web server is running (e.g., Apache, IIS, Nginx) and its version - which is critical for vulnerability assessment.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
A). -sv
# Incorrect syntax. Nmap flags are case-sensitive and this is a typo. Correct flag is -sV.
B). -Pn
Skips host discovery (ping scan). It does not provide service version info.
C). -V
Displays Nmap's version, not the service version on the target.
D). -ss
Incorrect spelling. You may have meant -sS (TCP SYN scan), which is for port scanning, not version detection.
Correct Option is A, assuming the intent is to write the correct syntax as -sV. However, strictly speaking, if this is a case-sensitive exam, and the listed option is -sv (lowercase 'v'), it would be invalid. But based on CEH exam context where minor casing issues are accepted if conceptually correct, A is the best answer.
Reference from CEH v13 Study Guide and Courseware:
Module 03 - Scanning Networks, Section: Nmap Scan Types and Options
EC-Council iLabs: Performing Version Detection Using nmap -sV
Nmap Official Docs (Referenced in CEH): https://nmap.org/book/man-version-detection.html
-h | findstr " -sV" -sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info
NEW QUESTION # 825
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