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PECB ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionObjectives
Information Security Management System (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001- ISO/IEC 27001 requirements (Clauses 4–10)
  • 1. Improvement and corrective actions
    • 2. Operation and controls
      • 3. Context of the organization
        • 4. Performance evaluation
          • 5. Leadership and commitment
            • 6. Planning and risk management
              • 7. Support and resources
                Planning and Initiating an Audit- Audit program and planning activities
                • 1. Audit team selection
                  • 2. Defining audit objectives, scope, and criteria
                    Conducting an Audit- Audit execution
                    • 1. Evidence collection and verification
                      • 2. Nonconformity identification
                        • 3. Interviewing techniques
                          Closing the Audit- Audit reporting and follow-up
                          • 1. Audit report preparation
                            • 2. Corrective action review
                              Fundamentals of Information Security Auditing- Audit principles based on ISO 19011
                              • 1. Integrity, fair presentation, due professional care
                                • 2. Confidentiality and independence

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                                  PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor exam Sample Questions (Q245-Q250):

                                  NEW QUESTION # 245
                                  After analyzing the audit conclusions, Company X decided to accept the risk related to one of the detected nonconformities. They claimed that no corrective action was necessary; however, their decision was not documented. Is this acceptable?

                                  Answer: A

                                  Explanation:
                                  According to ISO/IEC 27001 standards, if the auditee decides to accept the risk instead of implementing corrective actions for a nonconformity, this decision should be justified and documented. Documenting such decisions is essential for maintaining the integrity of the ISMS and for demonstrating that the decision was made based on informed judgment.


                                  NEW QUESTION # 246
                                  The audit lifecycle describes the ISO 19011 process for conducting an individual audit. Drag and drop the steps of the audit lifecycle into the correct sequence.

                                  Answer:

                                  Explanation:

                                  Explanation:
                                  The correct sequence of the steps of the audit lifecycle according to ISO 19011:2018 is:
                                  * Step 1: Audit initiation
                                  * Step 2: Audit preparation
                                  * Step 3: Conducting the audit
                                  * Step 4: Preparing and distributing the audit report
                                  * Step 5: Audit completion
                                  * Step 6: Audit follow-up
                                  This sequence reflects the logical order of the audit activities, from establishing the audit objectives, scope and criteria, to verifying the implementation and effectiveness of the corrective actions. However, ISO 19011:
                                  2018 also recognizes that some audit activities can be iterative or concurrent, depending on the nature and complexity of the audit. For example, audit preparation and conducting the audit can overlap when new information or changes occur during the audit. Similarly, audit follow-up can be integrated with audit completion when the corrective actions are verified shortly after the audit. Therefore, the audit lifecycle should be adapted to the specific context and needs of each audit.


                                  NEW QUESTION # 247
                                  Which four of the following statements about audit reports are true?

                                  Answer: A,B,C,H

                                  Explanation:
                                  According to the PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, the audit reports should be produced by the audit team leader with input from the audit team, as they are responsible for collecting and analysing the audit evidence1. The audit reports should also include or refer to the audit plan, as it provides the basis for the audit objectives, scope, criteria, and methodology2. Furthermore, the audit reports should be produced within an agreed timescale, as it is part of the audit programme management and ensures timely communication of the audit results3. Additionally, the audit reports should always be reviewed by the client, dated, and signed as 'accepted', as it confirms the audit completion and the formal agreement on the audit findings and conclusions4.
                                  The other statements are false because:
                                  * Audit reports should not be sent to the organisation's top management first because their contents could be embarrassing, as this would compromise the audit impartiality and confidentiality5. Audit reports should be distributed according to the audit programme procedures and the audit plan.
                                  * Audit reports should not be assumed suitable for general circulation unless they are specifically marked confidential, as this would violate the audit confidentiality and the protection of personal information.
                                  Audit reports should be treated as confidential documents and only shared with the authorised parties.
                                  * Audit reports should not only evidence nonconformity, as this would limit the audit scope and value.
                                  Audit reports should also evidence conformity, improvement opportunities, good practices, and audit observations.
                                  * Audit reports that are no longer required should not be destroyed as part of the organisation's general waste, as this would pose a risk to the audit confidentiality and the information security. Audit reports should be retained, disposed, or destroyed according to the audit programme procedures and the applicable legal requirements.
                                  References: 1: PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 32, section 4.4.32: PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 33, section 4.4.43: PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 31, section 4.4.14: PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 34, section 4.4.55: PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page
                                  24, section 4.3.1. : PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 33, section 4.4.4. :
                                  PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 24, section 4.3.1. : PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 33, section 4.4.4. : PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO
                                  /IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 32, section 4.4.3. : PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 33, section 4.4.4. : PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 24, section 4.3.1. : PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 34, section 4.4.5.


                                  NEW QUESTION # 248
                                  Scenario 7: Webvue. headquartered in Japan, is a technology company specializing in the development, support, and maintenance of computer software. Webvue provides solutions across various technology fields and business sectors. Its flagship service is CloudWebvue, a comprehensive cloud computing platform offering storage, networking, and virtual computing services. Designed for both businesses and individual users. CloudWebvue is known for its flexibility, scalability, and reliability.
                                  Webvue has decided to only include CloudWebvue in its ISO/IEC 27001 certification scope. Thus, the stage 1 and 2 audits were performed simultaneously Webvue takes pride in its strictness regarding asset confidentiality They protect the information stored in CloudWebvue by using appropriate cryptographic controls. Every piece of information of any classification level, whether for internal use. restricted, or confidential, is first encrypted with a unique corresponding hash and then stored in the cloud The audit team comprised five persons Keith. Sean. Layla, Sam. and Tin a. Keith, the most experienced auditor on the IT and information security auditing team, was the audit team leader. His responsibilities included planning the audit and managing the audit team. Sean and Layla were experienced in project planning, business analysis, and IT systems (hardware and application) Their tasks included audit planning according to Webvue's internal systems and processes Sam and Tina, on the other hand, who had recently completed their education, were responsible for completing the day-to-day tasks while developing their audit skills While verifying conformity to control 8.24 Use of cryptography of ISO/IEC 27001 Annex A through interviews with the relevant staff, the audit team found out that the cryptographic keys have been initially generated based on random bit generator (RBG) and other best practices for the generation of the cryptographic keys. After checking Webvue's cryptography policy, they concluded that the information obtained by the interviews was true. However, the cryptographic keys are still in use because the policy does not address the use and lifetime of cryptographic keys.
                                  As later agreed upon between Webvue and the certification body, the audit team opted to conduct a virtual audit specifically focused on verifying conformity to control 8.11 Data Masking of ISO/IEC 27001 within Webvue, aligning with the certification scope and audit objectives. They examined the processes involved in protecting data within CloudWebvue. focusing on how the company adhered to its policies and regulatory standards. As part of this process. Keith, the audit team leader, took screenshot copies of relevant documents and cryptographic key management procedures to document and analyze the effectiveness of Webvue's practices.
                                  Webvue uses generated test data for testing purposes. However, as determined by both the interview with the manager of the QA Department and the procedures used by this department, sometimes live system data are used. In such scenarios, large amounts of data are generated while producing more accurate results. The test data is protected and controlled, as verified by the simulation of the encryption process performed by Webvue's personnel during the audit While interviewing the manager of the QA Department, Keith observed that employees in the Security Training Department were not following proper procedures, even though this department fell outside the audit scope. Despite the exclusion in the audit scope, the non conformity in the Security Training Department has potential implications for the processes within the audit scope, specifically impacting data security and cryptographic practices in CloudWebvue. Therefore, Keith incorporated this finding into the audit report and accordingly informed the auditee.
                                  Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
                                  Did Keith make the appropriate decision regarding Webvue's documents during the virtual audit?

                                  Answer: C

                                  Explanation:
                                  Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
                                  B . Correct Answer:
                                  ISO 19011:2018 mandates that auditors must obtain permission before making copies of documents.
                                  Virtual audits must adhere to confidentiality agreements to protect sensitive data.
                                  A . Incorrect:
                                  Screenshots cannot be taken without permission, even if the audit is not recorded.
                                  C . Incorrect:
                                  Screenshots are allowed with prior authorization, ensuring proper data handling.
                                  Relevant Standard Reference:


                                  NEW QUESTION # 249
                                  You are performing an ISMS audit at a residential nursing home that provides healthcare services. The next step in your audit plan is to verify that the Statement of Applicability (SoA) contains the necessary controls.
                                  You review the latest SoA (version 5) document, sampling the access control to the source code (A.8.4), and want to know how the organisation secures ABC's healthcare mobile app source code received from an outsourced software developer.
                                  The IT Security Manager explains the received source code will be checked into the SCM system to make sure of its integrity and security. Only authorised users will be able to check out the software to update it. Both check-in and check-out activities will be logged by the system automatically. The version control is managed by the system automatically.
                                  You found a total of 10 user accounts on the SCM. All of them are from the IT department. You further check with the Human Resource manager and confirm that one of the users, Scott, resigned 9 months ago. The SCM System Administrator confirmed Scott's last check-out of the source code was found 1 month ago. He was using one of the authorised desktops from the local network in a secure area.
                                  You check the user de-registration procedure which states "Managers have to make sure of deregistration of the user account and authorisation immediately from the relevant ICT system and/or equipment after resignation approval." There was no deregistration record for user Scott.
                                  The IT Security Manager explains that Scott is a very good software engineer, an ex-colleague, and a friend.
                                  He still comes back to the office every month after he resigned to provide support on source code maintenance. That's why his account on SCM still exists. "We know Scott well and he passed all our background checks when he joined us. As such we didn't feel it necessary to agree any further information security requirements with him just because he is now an external provider".
                                  You prepare the audit findings. Select the three correct options.

                                  Answer: B,E,H

                                  Explanation:
                                  Explanation
                                  The correct options are:
                                  * There is a nonconformity (NC). The organisation's access control arrangements are not operating effectively as an individual who is no longer employed by the organisation is being permitted to access the nursing home's ICT systems. This does not conform with control A.5.15. (B): This option is correct because control A.5.15 requires the organization to implement secure log-on procedures and manage user access rights. The organization should ensure that only authorized users can access the ICT systems and that the access rights are revoked or modified when the user status changes. The fact that Scott, who resigned 9 months ago, still has an active account on the SCM and can check out the source code, indicates a failure of the access control arrangements and a nonconformity with the control A.5.15.
                                  * There is a nonconformity (NC). The IT Security manager did not make sure the user account for Scott was removed from the SCM and did not complete the user deregistration process after the resignation. This does not conform with clause 9.1 and control A.5.15. : This option is correct because clause 9.1 requires the organization to monitor, measure, analyze, and evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the ISMS. The organization should have processes and indicators to verify that the ISMS requirements and objectives are met and that the ISMS is continually improved. The organization should also ensure that the results of the monitoring and measurement are documented and communicated. The fact that the IT Security manager did not follow the user de-registration procedure and did not document or communicate the exception for Scott, indicates a failure of the monitoring and measurement processes and a nonconformity with clause 9.1 and control A.5.15.
                                  * There is a nonconformity (NC). The organisation has failed to identify the security risks associated with leaving Scott's account open when he was only re-engaged for a short period monthly. This does not conform with clause 8.2. (F): This option is correct because clause 8.2 requires the organization to establish and maintain an information security risk management process. The
                                  * organization should identify the information security risks, analyze and evaluate the risks, and treat the risks according to the risk criteria and the risk treatment options. The organization should also monitor and review the risks and the risk treatment plan periodically and document the results. The fact that the organization did not identify the security risks associated with Scott's access to the SCM and the source code, such as unauthorized disclosure, modification, or deletion of the information, indicates a failure of the risk management process and a nonconformity with clause 8.2.


                                  NEW QUESTION # 250
                                  ......

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