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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Analyze and Optimize Storage Performance | - Workload performance evaluation - Storage configuration optimization - Storage internals and I/O analysis |
| Topic 2: Analyze and Optimize Network Performance | - Flow policies analysis and optimization - Overlay networking optimization - Physical and virtual network evaluation - Advanced network configuration |
| Topic 3: Analyze and Optimize VM Performance | - Cluster and node metrics analysis - VM resource optimization |
| Topic 4: Business Continuity | - Workload resilience evaluation - BCDR compliance analysis |
| Topic 5: Advanced Configuration and Troubleshooting | - Third-party integrations - Risk mitigation configuration - CLI and API execution - Troubleshooting Nutanix services - Security posture analysis |
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NEW QUESTION # 16
An administrator is working to create a VM using Nutanix V3 API calls with the following specifications.
VM specifications:
* vCPUs: 2
* Memory: 8Gb
* Disk Size: 50Gb
* Cluster: Cluster 1
* Network: default-net
* Branding must be disabled on the VM
The API call is failing, indicating an issue with the payload:
"": [
"'metadata' is a required property",
"'spec' is a required property"
],
"message": "Request could not be processed.",
"reason": "INVALID_REQUEST"
The body is saved in desktop\API_Create_VM.txt.
Correct any issues in the text file that would prevent it from creating the VM. Also ensure the VM will be created as specified and make sure it is saved for re-use using that filename.
Deploy the VM through the API.
Note: Do not power on the VM.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Explanation below for detailed answer.
Explanation:
Here is the step-by-step solution to correct the API payload and deploy the VM.
This task is performed using the REST API Explorer within Prism Central.
1. Get Required UUIDs
To create a VM, you first need the unique IDs (UUIDs) for the target cluster and network.
* From the Prism Central dashboard, click the question mark (?) icon in the top-right corner and select REST API Explorer.
* Find Cluster 1 UUID:
* In the API Explorer, search for and select the clusters/list (POST) endpoint.
* In the Body field, paste a simple filter: { "kind": "cluster" }
* Click Send.
* In the "Response" body, find the entry for Cluster 1 and copy its metadata.uuid value.
* Find default-net UUID:
* Search for and select the subnets/list (POST) endpoint.
* In the Body field, paste: { "kind": "subnet" }
* Click Send.
* In the "Response" body, find the entry where spec.name is default-net and copy its metadata.uuid value.
2. Correct the API Payload File
The error message "'metadata' is a required property" and "'spec' is a required property" indicates the JSON in the file is malformed and missing the required root-level objects. The file content also does not match the VM specifications.
* On the desktop, open API_Create_VM.txt in Notepad.
* Delete all existing text in the file (including the POST Call and Body: lines).
* Paste the following corrected and complete JSON payload into the file.
* Replace <UUID_for_Cluster_1> and <UUID_for_default-net> with the actual UUIDs you copied in the previous step.
JSON
{
"spec": {
"name": "API_VM_Task15",
"resources": {
"power_state": "OFF",
"num_sockets": 2,
"num_vcpus_per_socket": 1,
"memory_size_mib": 8192,
"disk_list": [
{
"disk_size_mib": 51200,
"device_properties": {
"device_type": "DISK"
}
}
],
"nic_list": [
{
"subnet_reference": {
"kind": "subnet",
"uuid": "<UUID_for_default-net>"
}
}
],
"guest_customization": {
"is_overridable": true,
"override_branding": true
}
},
"cluster_reference": {
"kind": "cluster",
"uuid": "<UUID_for_Cluster_1>"
}
},
"metadata": {
"kind": "vm"
}
}
* Save and close the API_Create_VM.txt file.
Correction Summary:
* JSON Structure: The original file was malformed. The new payload provides the required spec and metadata objects at the root level.
* vCPUs: Set to 2 sockets (2 vCPUs total).
* Memory: Set to 8192 MiB (8 GB).
* Disk: Set to 51200 MiB (50 GB) and removed the unneeded CDROM.
* Cluster/Network: Placeholders are added for the required UUIDs.
* Branding: guest_customization.override_branding: true is added to disable branding for the VM.
3. Deploy the VM via API
* Return to the REST API Explorer.
* Search for and select the vms (POST) endpoint (the one with the description "Create a new vm").
* Open the corrected API_Create_VM.txt file, copy its entire contents (which now includes your specific UUIDs).
* Paste the complete JSON payload into the Body field of the vms (POST) endpoint.
* Click Send.
The API will return a 202 Accepted response, and the VM will be created (and remain powered off) on Cluster 1.
NEW QUESTION # 17
Task 2
Part1
An administrator logs into Prism Element and sees an alert stating the following:
Cluster services down on Controller VM (35.197.75.196)
Correct this issue in the least disruptive manner.
Part2
In a separate request, the security team has noticed a newly created cluster is reporting.
CVM [35.197.75.196] is using the default password.
They have provided some new security requirements for cluster level security.
Security requirements:
Update the default password for the root user on the node to match the admin user password: Note: 192.168.x.
x is not available. To access a node use the Host IP (172.30.0.x) from a CVM or the supplied external IP address.
Update the default password for the nutanix user on the CVM to match the admin user password.
Resolve the alert that is being reported.
Output the cluster-wide configuration of the SCMA policy to Desktop\Files\output.txt before changes are made.
Enable the Advance intrusion Detection Environment (AIDE) to run on a weekly basis for the cluster.
Enable high-strength password policies for the cluster.
Ensure CVMs require SSH keys for login instead of passwords. (SSH keys are located in the Desktop\Files\SSH folder).
Ensure the clusters meets these requirements. Do not reboot any cluster components.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Explanation for step by step solution.
Explanation:
To correct the issue of cluster services down on Controller VM (35.197.75.196) in the least disruptive manner, you need to do the following steps:
Log in to Prism Element using the admin user credentials.
Go to the Alerts page and click on the alert to see more details.
You will see which cluster services are down on the Controller VM. For example, it could be cassandra, curator, stargate, etc.
To start the cluster services, you need to SSH to the Controller VM using the nutanix user credentials. You can use any SSH client such as PuTTY or Windows PowerShell to connect to the Controller VM. You will need the IP address and the password of the nutanix user, which you can find in Desktop\Files\SSH\nutanix.
txt.
Once you are logged in to the Controller VM, run the command:
cluster status | grep -v UP
This will show you which services are down on the Controller VM.
To start the cluster services, run the command:
cluster start
This will start all the cluster services on the Controller VM.
To verify that the cluster services are running, run the command:
cluster status | grep -v UP
This should show no output, indicating that all services are up.
To clear the alert, go back to Prism Element and click on Resolve in the Alerts page.
To meet the security requirements for cluster level security, you need to do the following steps:
To update the default password for the root user on the node to match the admin user password, you need to SSH to the node using the root user credentials. You can use any SSH client such as PuTTY or Windows PowerShell to connect to the node. You will need the IP address and the password of the root user, which you can find in Desktop\Files\SSH\root.txt.
Once you are logged in to the node, run the command:
passwd
This will prompt you to enter a new password for the root user. Enter the same password as the admin user, which you can find in Desktop\Files\SSH\admin.txt.
To update the default password for the nutanix user on the CVM to match the admin user password, you need to SSH to the CVM using the nutanix user credentials. You can use any SSH client such as PuTTY or Windows PowerShell to connect to the CVM. You will need the IP address and the password of the nutanix user, which you can find in Desktop\Files\SSH\nutanix.txt.
Once you are logged in to the CVM, run the command:
passwd
This will prompt you to enter a new password for the nutanix user. Enter the same password as the admin user, which you can find in Desktop\Files\SSH\admin.txt.
To resolve the alert that is being reported, go back to Prism Element and click on Resolve in the Alerts page.
To output the cluster-wide configuration of SCMA policy to Desktop\Files\output.txt before changes are made, you need to log in to Prism Element using the admin user credentials.
Go to Security > SCMA Policy and click on View Policy Details. This will show you the current settings of SCMA policy for each entity type.
Copy and paste these settings into a new text file named Desktop\Files\output.txt.
To enable AIDE (Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment) to run on a weekly basis for the cluster, you need to log in to Prism Element using the admin user credentials.
Go to Security > AIDE Configuration and click on Enable AIDE. This will enable AIDE to monitor file system changes on all CVMs and nodes in the cluster.
Select Weekly as the frequency of AIDE scans and click Save.
To enable high-strength password policies for the cluster, you need to log in to Prism Element using the admin user credentials.
Go to Security > Password Policy and click on Edit Policy. This will allow you to modify the password policy settings for each entity type.
For each entity type (Admin User, Console User, CVM User, and Host User), select High Strength as the password policy level and click Save.
To ensure CVMs require SSH keys for login instead of passwords, you need to log in to Prism Element using the admin user credentials.
Go to Security > Cluster Lockdown and click on Configure Lockdown. This will allow you to manage SSH access settings for the cluster.
Uncheck Enable Remote Login with Password. This will disable password-based SSH access to the cluster.
Click New Public Key and enter a name for the key and paste the public key value from Desktop\Files\SSH\id_rsa.pub. This will add a public key for key-based SSH access to the cluster.
Click Save and Apply Lockdown. This will apply the changes and ensure CVMs require SSH keys for login instead of passwords.
Part1
Enter CVM ssh and execute:
cluster status | grep -v UP
cluster start
If there are issues starting some services, check the following:
Check if the node is in maintenance mode by running the ncli host ls command on the CVM. Verify if the parameter Under Maintenance Mode is set to False for the node where the services are down. If the parameter Under Maintenance Mode is set to True, remove the node from maintenance mode by running the following command:
nutanix@cvm$ ncli host edit id=<host id> enable-maintenance-mode=false
You can determine the host ID by using ncli host ls.
See the troubleshooting topics related to failed cluster services in the Advanced Administration Guide available from the Nutanix Portal's Software Documentation page. (Use the filters to search for the guide for your AOS version). These topics have information about common and AOS-specific logs, such as Stargate, Cassandra, and other modules.
Check for any latest FATALs for the service that is down. The following command prints all the FATALs for a CVM. Run this command on all CVMs.
nutanix@cvm$ for i in `svmips`; do echo "CVM: $i"; ssh $i "ls -ltr /home/nutanix/data/logs/*.FATAL"; done NCC Health Check: cluster_services_down_check (nutanix.com) Part2 Vlad Drac2023-06-05T13:22:00.86I'll update this one with a smaller, if possible, command Update the default password for the root user on the node to match the admin user password echo -e "CHANGING ALL AHV HOST ROOT PASSWORDS.\nPlease input new password: "; read -rs password1; echo "Confirm new password: "; read -rs password2; if [ "$password1" == "$password2" ]; then for host in $(hostips); do echo Host $host; echo $password1 | ssh root@$host "passwd --stdin root"; done; else echo "The passwords do not match"; fi Update the default password for the nutanix user on the CVM sudo passwd nutanix Output the cluster-wide configuration of the SCMA policy ncli cluster get-hypervisor-security-config Output Example:
nutanix@NTNX-372a19a3-A-CVM:10.35.150.184:~$ ncli cluster get-hypervisor-security-config Enable Aide : false Enable Core : false Enable High Strength P... : false Enable Banner : false Schedule : DAILY Enable iTLB Multihit M... : false Enable the Advance intrusion Detection Environment (AIDE) to run on a weekly basis for the cluster.
ncli cluster edit-hypervisor-security-params enable-aide=true
ncli cluster edit-hypervisor-security-params schedule=weekly
Enable high-strength password policies for the cluster.
ncli cluster edit-hypervisor-security-params enable-high-strength-password=true Ensure CVMs require SSH keys for login instead of passwords
https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/kbs/details?targetId=kA0600000008gb3CAA
NEW QUESTION # 18
Your security team is working on automation to manage Security Policies.
They have exported some of the existing rules to the file "Security Policy.txt" located on the desktop. This file needs to be modified for the test environment.
* All rules except the quarantine rule should be logged.
* Only the Quarantine rule should be enforced, the other rules will only be logged.
* The quarantine rule should affect the SecOps environment.
* The SMB rule should only affect VMs with the "smbhost" and "smbclient" tags.
* The "DN test" policy should allow ipv6 and should not restrict any protocols between the included tiers.
There are three rules in the file, do not delete, add or copy lines. Only replace xxxx with the correct value as appropriate. It is possible that not all "xxxxx" will be replaced.
Save the file with the same name.
Possible values to replace the "xxxxx":
8080
ALL
APPLY
false
MONITOR
Non-Prod
SecOps
smbhost
smbclient
TCP
True
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Explanation below for detailed answer.
Explanation:
Here is the step-by-step solution to modify the security policy file as required.
Navigate to the desktop and open the file Security Policy.txt (which corresponds to the provided Security Policy.bak content) using a text editor like Notepad.
Modify the file content by replacing the xxxxx and xxxx placeholders according to the security requirements.
Modifications by Rule
Here are the specific changes to make within the file:
1. Quarantine Rule
Requirement 1 (No Logging): The quarantine rule should not be logged.
Change "is_policy_hitlog_enabled": "xxxxx" to "is_policy_hitlog_enabled": "false" Requirement 2 (Enforce): This rule must be enforced.
Change "action": "xxxxx" (under quarantine_rule) to "action": "APPLY"
Requirement 3 (Environment): The rule must affect the "SecOps" environment.
Change "Environment": ["xxxxx"] to "Environment": ["SecOps"]
2. SMB-block Rule
Requirement 1 (Logging): This rule must be logged.
Change "is_policy_hitlog_enabled": "xxxxx" to "is_policy_hitlog_enabled": "True" Requirement 2 (Monitor): This rule must not be enforced, only logged.
Change "action": "xxxxx" (under isolation_rule) to "action": "MONITOR"
Requirement 4 (Tags): The rule must affect the "smbhost" and "smbclient" tags.
Change "SMBv1": ["xxxxx"] to "SMBv1": ["smbhost"]
Change "SMRv1": ["xxxxx"] to "SMRv1": ["smbclient"]
3. DN test (dn-policy1) Rule
Requirement 2 (Monitor): This rule must not be enforced, only logged.
Change "action": "xxxx" (under app_rule) to "action": "MONITOR"
Requirement 5 (Allow IPv6): This policy must allow IPv6 traffic.
Change "allow_ipv6_traffic": "xxxx" to "allow_ipv6_traffic": "True"
Final Step
After making all the replacements, Save the file, overwriting the original Security Policy.txt on the desktop.
Example of completed rules (replace xxxxx accordingly):
Rule Name: Quarantine Rule
Logged: false
Action: APPLY
Environment: SecOps
Protocols: TCP
Ports: 8080
Rule Name: SMB Rule
Logged: True
Action: MONITOR
Tags: smbhost, smbclient
Protocols: TCP
Ports: 8080
Rule Name: DN Test Policy
Logged: True
Action: MONITOR
Environment: Non-Prod
Protocols: ALL
Ports: 8080
NEW QUESTION # 19
Task 14
An administrator has been asked to configure a storage for a distributed application which uses large data sets across multiple worker VMs.
The worker VMs must run on every node. Data resilience is provided at the application level and low cost per GB is a Key Requirement.
Configure the storage on the cluster to meet these requirements. Any new object created should include the phrase Distributed_App in the name.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Explanation for step by step solution.
Explanation:
To configure the storage on the cluster for the distributed application, you can follow these steps:
Log in to Prism Element of cluster A using the credentials provided.
Go to Storage > Storage Pools and click on Create Storage Pool.
Enter a name for the new storage pool, such as Distributed_App_Storage_Pool, and select the disks to include in the pool. You can choose any combination of SSDs and HDDs, but for low cost per GB, you may prefer to use more HDDs than SSDs.
Click Save to create the storage pool.
Go to Storage > Containers and click on Create Container.
Enter a name for the new container, such as Distributed_App_Container, and select the storage pool that you just created, Distributed_App_Storage_Pool, as the source.
Under Advanced Settings, enable Erasure Coding and Compression to reduce the storage footprint of the data.
You can also disable Replication Factor since data resilience is provided at the application level. These settings will help you achieve low cost per GB for the container.
Click Save to create the container.
Go to Storage > Datastores and click on Create Datastore.
Enter a name for the new datastore, such as Distributed_App_Datastore, and select NFS as the datastore type.
Select the container that you just created, Distributed_App_Container, as the source.
Click Save to create the datastore.
The datastore will be automatically mounted on all nodes in the cluster. You can verify this by going to Storage > Datastores and clicking on Distributed_App_Datastore. You should see all nodes listed under Hosts.
You can now create or migrate your worker VMs to this datastore and run them on any node in the cluster.
The datastore will provide low cost per GB and high performance for your distributed application.
NEW QUESTION # 20
An administrator needs to perform AOS and AHV upgrades on a Nutanix cluster and wants to ensure that VM data is replicated as quickly as possible when hosts and CVMs are rebooted.
Configure Cluster 1 so that after planned host and CVM reboots, the rebuild scan starts immediately.
Note:
You will need to use SSH for this task. Ignore the fact that this is a 1-node cluster.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Explanation below for detailed answer.
Explanation:
Here is the step-by-step solution to configure the immediate rebuild scan on Cluster 1.
This task must be performed from an SSH session connected to a CVM (Controller VM) on Cluster 1.
1. Access the Cluster 1 CVM
* From the Prism Central dashboard, navigate to Hardware > Clusters and click on Cluster 1 to open its Prism Element (PE) interface.
* In the Cluster 1 PE, navigate to Hardware > CVMs to find the IP address of any CVM in the cluster.
* Use an SSH client (like PuTTY) to connect to the CVM's IP address.
* Log in with the admin user and password.
2. Modify the Rebuild Delay Setting
By default, the cluster waits 15 minutes (900 seconds) before starting a rebuild scan after a CVM reboot. You will change this setting to 0.
* Once logged into the CVM, run the following command to set the delay to 0 seconds:
gflag --set --gflags=stargate_delayed_rebuild_scan_secs=0
* (Optional but recommended) You can verify the change took effect by running the "get" command:
gflag --get --gflags=stargate_delayed_rebuild_scan_secs
The output should now show stargate_delayed_rebuild_scan_secs=0.
NEW QUESTION # 21
......
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