Latest CIPS L4M2 Study Plan | L4M2 Dumps Questions

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CIPS L4M2 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Use specifications in procurement and supply20-25%- Sources for developing specifications
  • 1. Suppliers, industry benchmarks, regulatory requirements
  • 2. Internal stakeholders, technical experts, standards bodies
- Types of specifications
  • 1. Output/outcome-based specifications
  • 2. Drawings, samples, brands, technical standards
  • 3. Conformance vs performance specifications
- Advantages and limitations of specification types
  • 1. Risk, cost, flexibility, supplier innovation impact
Market management in procurement and supply20-25%- Analyse market structures and competition
  • 1. Impact of market structure on procurement strategies
  • 2. Perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly, monopolistic competition
- Assess market forces and trends
  • 1. Technological, legal, economic, social factors
  • 2. Global vs local market conditions
  • 3. Supply and demand dynamics
- Evaluate market information sources
  • 1. Supplier intelligence and market research
  • 2. Industry reports, government data, trade journals
Devise a business case for requirements sourced externally20-25%- Interpret financial budgets for purchase control
  • 1. Purpose and structure of budgets
  • 2. Budget performance and variance management
  • 3. Cash flow and cost entries
- Criteria for creating business cases
  • 1. Costs, benefits, options, alignment, timescales
  • 2. Benchmarking requirements
- Estimate costs and prices for procurement activities
  • 1. Cost estimation and budgeting methods
  • 2. Market data sources for cost/price information
  • 3. Direct and indirect costs
  • 4. Total cost of ownership / whole life costing
- Influence of business needs on procurement decisions
  • 1. Impact of business needs on purchase types
  • 2. Procurement's role in developing business cases
  • 3. Types of purchase: new, modified rebuy, straight re-buy
Stakeholder management in defining needs15-20%- Communicate and consult with stakeholders
  • 1. Methods for gathering requirements
  • 2. Resolving conflicting requirements
- Identify and classify stakeholders
  • 1. Power/interest matrix and engagement strategies
  • 2. Internal vs external stakeholders
- Align needs with organisational objectives
  • 1. Strategic alignment and value contribution
Legal and regulatory considerations10-15%- Legislation affecting requirements definition
  • 1. Procurement regulations, competition law, standards
- Sustainability and ethical requirements
  • 1. Environmental, social, ethical criteria

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CIPS Defining Business Needs Sample Questions (Q236-Q241):

NEW QUESTION # 236
Ymira is asked to develop the specification for water purifier which will be used at the company headquarter. She believes that the specification can be drafted based on the information available on the Internet, such as blog posts, comparison websites, how-to websites, life hacks, etc. Which of the following traits will make the information more useful?

Answer: B,E

Explanation:
Internet is a great source of information, however, information from the Internet needs to be tested for accuracy and reliability. To check the information from the Internet, a buyer can use the criteria with acronym SAMOA:
Source (of the information)
Audience (intended as the recipient of the information)
Methodology (used to collect and analyse the data)
Objectivity (of the information - there should be no bias)
Accuracy
Reference:
LO 3, AC 3.1


NEW QUESTION # 237
Warwickshire Ambulance Service (WAS) is an NHS Trust. It operates throughout Warwickshire and the neighbouring areas. It has three core areas of activity, namely the provision of Emergency Ambulance Services, routine Patient Transport Services, and Logistic Medical Services. The agency is working towards higher service level through benchmarking. Which of the following is the benefit of benchmarking to WAS?

Answer: C

Explanation:
Benchmarking is 'the pursuit by organisations of enhanced performance by learning from the suc-cessful practices of others. Benchmarking is a continuous activity; key internal processes are adjusted, performance is monitored, new comparisons are made with the current best performers and further changes are explored.
Where information about these key processes is obtained through a co-operative partnership with specific organisations (rather than via a third party such as an independently-maintained database), there is an expectation of mutual benefit over a period of time.
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Graphical user interface, text, application, email Description automatically generated


NEW QUESTION # 238
Which of these are advantages of using a conformance specification? Select TWO that apply.

Answer: A,C


NEW QUESTION # 239
Robert is a senior buyer at MMC Construction Ltd. His company is doing multiple development projects in the country, which increases procurement workload significantly. Meanwhile, most of the tasks are handled manually, which causes bottlenecks in the workflows. The procurement team is overwhelmed by the workload and complains from other departments. From previous experience, Robert knows that electronic system may help his procurement team. He writes a business case to submit to the senior management, in which he insists on the possible productivity improvement by adopting e-system in procurement. Is Robert's action reasonable?

Answer: C

Explanation:
Composing a compelling business case requires the proposer to write in the language of the approvers.
Generally, approvers are business executives or important shareholders whose major interest is the profitability of the firm. Business case proposer may embed the following contents:
- Return on investment: according to Investopedia, Return on Investment (ROI) is a performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency of an investment or compare the efficiency of a number of different investments. ROI tries to directly measure the amount of return on a particular investment, relative to the investment's cost. A business case would seem more attractive if the proposal is expected to have high ROI.
- Time to market: Time-to-market (TTM) refers to the time from which a company initially con-ceives a product or service idea to the point when the actual product or service is accessible to buyers in the market (Afonso et al., 2008). The speed at which companies can introduce products into the market is critical for sustaining competitive advantage, and the reduction of product development cycle time has become a strategic objective for many technology-driven firms.
- Customer satisfaction: Keeping existing customer to stay in the business can affect greatly on the profit margin of a firm. A new proposal that finds the way to innovate while keeping the current customers satisfied may gain the interest of senior management.
- Improving productivity: Productivity is the measure of how efficient and effective a firm is. Im-proving the productivity means that with the same or lesser input, better output is generated. In-creasing productivity also improves the profitability of a company.
- Risk management: Any business activity contains inherent risks. For example, for a mining company to be truly responsible, it must keep all of its workers safe, healthy and motivated, meet the expectations of the local community and government for the region in which it is operating, ensure it impacts on the environment positively if at all, as well as achieve the financial objectives set by its investors for both the short and long term. Managing risks well improves the production throughput and maintains customer satisfaction.
In the scenario, Robert is trying to convince the senior management to adopt e-procurement system by insisting on potential productivity improvement. This is the right approach. A business plan should engage and please senior management and directors. An appealing business case tells them how important things to the business (such as productivity, return on investment, customer satisfaction or costs) are affected by the plan.


NEW QUESTION # 240
Which kind of these following costs belong to fixed costs? Select TWO that apply.

Answer: C,E

Explanation:
Based on variability, the costs has been classified into three categories, they are fixed, variable and semi variable. Fixed costs, as its name suggests, is fixed in total i.e. irrespective of the number of output produced.
Variable costs vary with the number of output produced. Semi-variable is the type of costs, which have the characteristics of both fixed costs and variable costs (Source: Key Differences).
Among above costs, leasing and depreciation are relatively static and do not change if volume of business activities increase or reduce.
Packaging, utilities and annual business rate (tax) are variable costs.
Reference: CIPS study guide page 26
LO 1, AC 1.2


NEW QUESTION # 241
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