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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Configuration Basics | 15% | - Basic system configuration
|
| Operational Monitoring and Maintenance | 15% | - Monitoring commands
|
| Routing Fundamentals | 10% | - Static and dynamic routing
|
| Routing Policy and Firewall Filters | 10% | - Firewall filters
|
| User Interfaces | 15% | - Other management interfaces
|
| Junos OS Fundamentals | 20% | - Software versions and upgrades
|
| Networking Fundamentals | 15% | - Networking concepts and models
|
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問題 #28
Click the Exhibit button.
Referring to the exhibit, what is the next hop for IP address 10.0.0.9?
答案：B
解題說明：
Routers use longest prefix match to select the next hop. The address 10.0.0.9 matches the most specific route shown, which is 10.0.0.8/27, so traffic is forwarded to 192.168.2.1.
問題 #29
Which two actions would you perform when you are in the operational mode of the CLI? (Choose two.)
答案：A,D
解題說明：
The Junos Command Line Interface (CLI) is strictly partitioned into operational and configuration modes to maintain a clear boundary between monitoring and administrative changes. Operational mode, identified by the > prompt, is designed for executing commands that monitor device status, troubleshoot network connectivity, and manage the physical system state. One typical administrative task performed here is clearing log files (using the clear log command) to free up storage space or reset diagnostic data during troubleshooting.
Additionally, high-level system requests that do not alter the persistent configuration database, such as rebooting the hardware, are executed in operational mode. The request system reboot command allows the administrator to gracefully restart the device after a software update or as part of a maintenance cycle. In contrast, actions such as configuring routing protocols or committing changes require transitioning to configuration mode (the # prompt). Committing a configuration is the specific act of moving changes from the candidate database to the active database, which is a logic-altering event strictly reserved for configuration mode. Therefore, operational mode remains the dedicated environment for real-time observation and system-level requests that ensure the device operates correctly within its existing parameters.
問題 #30
Which statement about Junos OS user authentication is correct?
答案：B
解題說明：
Junos OS supports multiple authentication methods, including local user accounts as well as external authentication servers such as RADIUS and TACACS+.
問題 #31
Which statement describes the primary purpose of a routing policy in Junos OS?
答案：A
解題說明：
In Junos OS, a routing policy is a powerful tool used to manage the flow of routing information between the Routing Information Base (RIB) and routing protocols. Unlike forwarding decisions, which are handled by the Packet Forwarding Engine, routing policies function within the control plane on the Routing Engine. Their primary purpose is to define specific criteria for importing routes into the routing table from neighbors or exporting routes from the routing table to neighbors.
Routing policies consist of terms containing from (match) and then (action) statements. They allow administrators to filter prefixes (e.g., denying specific BGP routes), modify route attributes (e.g., changing OSPF metrics or BGP communities), and manipulate path selection behavior. For example, an export policy might be used to ensure that only specific internal subnets are advertised to an ISP via BGP, preventing the accidental leakage of private infrastructure addresses. By default, Junos applies " default policies " for each protocol (such as OSPF accepting all OSPF routes), but custom policies allow for granular control over how the device interacts with the rest of the network. This ensures that the routing table contains only the desired paths for optimal traffic engineering.
Reference: Routing Policy and Firewall Filters, Policy Framework.
問題 #32
Which two operational mode commands would you use to verify CPU and memory utilization on a Junos device? (Choose two.)
答案：B,D
解題說明：
In the Junos OS architecture, maintaining visibility into the health of the Routing Engine (RE) is paramount for ensuring control plane stability. The command show chassis routing-engine is the primary tool for a high-level hardware status overview. It provides critical telemetry regarding the RE's current CPU utilization (broken down by user, background, and kernel tasks), memory usage statistics, and uptime. This command is essential for identifying if the device's "brain" is under significant stress due to heavy protocol processing or management tasks.
For a more granular, process-specific analysis, the show system processes extensive command is utilized. Similar to the 'top' utility in Unix-based systems, it lists all active software daemons (such as rpd for routing, dcd for interfaces, and mgd for management) and ranks them by their real-time CPU and memory consumption. This allows an architect to pinpoint exactly which process might be causing a performance bottleneck. While show chassis environment focuses on physical hardware health like temperatures and fan speeds, and resource-monitor provides summary data, the combination of show chassis routing-engine and show system processes extensive offers the most comprehensive diagnostic view of the device's internal computational resources.
問題 #33
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