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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Closing the Audit | - Audit reporting and follow-up
|
| Conducting an Audit | - Audit execution
|
| Fundamentals of Information Security Auditing | - Audit principles based on ISO 19011
|
| Planning and Initiating an Audit | - Audit program and planning activities
|
| Information Security Management System (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 | - ISO/IEC 27001 requirements (Clauses 4–10)
|
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NEW QUESTION # 167
選擇以下兩個選項，作為認證審核期間審核團隊中的法律技術專家的職責。
Answer: B,E
Explanation:
A legal technical expert (LTE) is a person who provides specific knowledge or expertise related to the legal aspects of the information security management system (ISMS) during a certification audit. The LTE is not an auditor, but a member of the audit team who supports the auditors in collecting and evaluating the audit evidence. The LTE is not responsible for evaluating the auditee's legal knowledge, criticising the organisation's legal compliance issues, or debating complex legal points with the auditee, as these tasks may be beyond the scope of the audit, or may compromise the objectivity and impartiality of the audit. The LTE is responsible for advising on legal checkpoints for the audit team, such as the applicable legal, regulatory, and contractual requirements, the relevant sources of information, the methods of verification, and the criteria of evaluation. The LTE is also responsible for verifying the legal status of the organisation, such as the registration, licensing, authorisation, or accreditation of the organisation, and the compliance with the relevant laws and regulations. Reference:
What is the role of a technical expert in ISO audit?
Roles, Responsibilities & Authorities for ISO 27001 5.3
Guide to Become an ISO 27001 Lead Auditor
NEW QUESTION # 168
您是一位經驗豐富的 ISMS 審核團隊負責人，負責對專門從事機密文件和可移動媒體安全處置的組織進行第三方認證審核。文件和媒體都被軍用級設備粉碎，因此無法重建原始文件。
審核進展順利，距離末次會議還有 30 分鐘，您正要開始撰寫審核報告。此時，組織的一名員工敲響了您的門，詢問是否可以與您交談。他們告訴您，當事情變得繁忙時，她的經理會告訴她使用較低等級的工業碎紙機，因為該組織擁有更多此類碎紙機並且運行速度更快。受審核方沒有告知您這些機器的存在或使用情況。
選擇三個選項來決定您應如何回應此訊息。
Answer: A,D,G
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022 clause 8.1, the organization must plan, implement and control the processes needed to meet the information security requirements, and to implement the actions determined in clause 6.1. The organization must also ensure that the outsourced processes are controlled or influenced. According to control A.5.24, the organization must establish and maintain an information security incident management process that includes reporting information security events and weaknesses. Therefore, the use of lower grade machines for the secure disposal of confidential documents and media could pose a significant information security risk and a potential breach of contract with the clients. The auditor should respond to this information by:
A . Advising the individual managing the audit programme of any recommendation by you to conduct a further audit prior to certification. This is in accordance with ISO/IEC 27006:2022 clause 7.4.3, which states that the audit team leader shall report to the certification body any situation that may significantly affect the audit conclusions or the certification decision, and propose any necessary changes to the audit plan.
C . Considering the need for a subsequent audit within 4 weeks based on the additional information that has come to light. This is in accordance with ISO/IEC 27006:2022 clause 7.5.2, which states that the audit team leader shall review the audit findings and any other appropriate information collected during the audit to determine the audit conclusions, and to identify any need for a subsequent audit.
G . Verifying with the auditee that lower grade machines are used in certain circumstances. This is in accordance with ISO/IEC 27006:2022 clause 7.4.2, which states that the audit team leader shall ensure that the audit is conducted in accordance with the audit plan, and that any changes to the plan are agreed upon and documented.
The other options are not appropriate responses, as they either ignore the information, exceed the scope of the audit, or prematurely raise a nonconformity without sufficient evidence. For example:
B . Cancelling the production of the audit report and instead reviewing the organization's contracts with its clients to determine whether they have permitted the use of lower grade machines. This is not a suitable response, as it would delay the audit process and the certification decision, and it would involve reviewing documents that are outside the scope of the ISMS audit. The auditor should focus on verifying the information security risk assessment and treatment process, and the information security incident management process, as they relate to the use of lower grade machines.
D . Doing nothing. All audits are based on a sample and the sample you took did not include a planned review of the lower grade machines. This is not a suitable response, as it would disregard a significant information security risk and a potential nonconformity that could affect the audit conclusions and the certification decision. The auditor should follow up on the information provided by the employee and verify its validity and impact.
E . Extending the certification audit duration to create additional time to audit the use of the lower grade machines. This is not a suitable response, as it would disrupt the audit schedule and the availability of the audit team and the auditee. The auditor should report the situation to the certification body and propose any necessary changes to the audit plan, such as conducting a subsequent audit.
F . Raising a nonconformity against 8.1 Operational Planning and Control as the organization has not been open about its processes. This is not a suitable response, as it would be based on a single source of information that has not been verified or corroborated. The auditor should collect sufficient and appropriate audit evidence to support any nonconformity, and should also consider the root cause and the severity of the nonconformity.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clauses 8.1 and Annex A control A.5.24
ISO/IEC 27006:2022, clauses 7.4.2, 7.4.3, and 7.5.2
[PECB Candidate Handbook ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor], pages 18-19, 23-24 A Step-by-Step Guide to Conducting an ISO 27001 Internal Audit ISO 27001 - Annex A.16: Information Security Incident Management
NEW QUESTION # 169
審核員需要與受審核方進行有效溝通。因此，他們的個人行為是確保審計成功所需的關鍵特徵。以下是其特徵和相關的簡要描述。將特徵與描述相符。
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
The possible matches of the characteristics to the descriptions are:
* Tenacious: Persistent and focused on objectives
* Ethical: Fair, truthful, sincere, honest, discreet
* Diplomatic: Tactful in dealing with individuals
* Observant: Actively observing surroundings/activities
* Perceptive: Aware of and able to understand situations
* Open to improvement: Willing to learn from situations
Actively observing surroundings/activities = Observant
Fair, truthful, sincere, honest, discreet = Ethical
Persistent and focused on objectives = Tenacious
Willing to learn from situations = Open to improvement
Tactful in dealing with individuals = Diplomatic
Aware of and able to understand situations = Perceptive
These are the auditor's characteristics and their descriptions as defined by ISO 19011:2022, Clause
7.2.21. The auditor's personal behaviour is essential for building trust and confidence with the auditee and for ensuring the credibility and effectiveness of the audit12. References: 1: ISO 19011:2022, Guidelines for auditing management systems, Clause 7.2.2 \n2: PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Exam Preparation Guide, Domain 3: Fundamental audit concepts and principles
NEW QUESTION # 170
在測試的基礎上實施計劃 - 這屬於 PDCA 的哪一部分
Answer: B
Explanation:
The PDCA cycle is a four-step method for managing and improving processes. The steps are Plan, Do, Check, and Act. In the Plan phase, the objectives and scope of the process are defined, and the resources and activities are planned. In the Do phase, the process is implemented on a test basis, and the results are recorded and analyzed1. References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) | CQI | IRCA
NEW QUESTION # 171
問題
某組織計畫進行內部稽核以評估資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)的有效性。然而，該組織並未明確審計範圍和審計目標。結果，內部稽核人員忽略了處理敏感資訊的關鍵部門。
在這種情況下，審計程序有哪些風險？
Answer: A
Explanation:
The scenario represents planning risk, making option A the correct answer. Planning risk arises when an audit is inadequately planned, resulting in incomplete coverage, misaligned objectives, or failure to address critical areas. ISO 19011 emphasizes that defining the audit scope, objectives, and criteria is a fundamental step in audit planning and is essential to achieving effective audit outcomes.
In this case, the organization failed to define the audit scope and objectives clearly. As a direct consequence, the auditor overlooked departments handling sensitive information, which are typically high-risk areas in an ISMS. This oversight undermines the effectiveness of the audit and increases the likelihood that significant risks or nonconformities remain undetected.
Option B is incorrect because communication risk relates to misunderstandings or ineffective information exchange between auditors and auditees. While communication issues may exist, the root cause here is inadequate planning. Option C is incorrect because resource risk concerns insufficient auditor time, competence, or tools. The problem in this scenario is not a lack of resources but the absence of structured planning.
ISO/IEC 27001 internal audits rely heavily on proper planning to ensure that all relevant processes and assets are evaluated. Therefore, the primary risk present is planning risk.
NEW QUESTION # 172
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