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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Denial-of-Service | 4% | - Attack Techniques & Botnets - DoS & DDoS Concepts - DDoS Tools - Defense Mechanisms |
| Wireless Networks | 5% | - Security Best Practices - Wireless Encryption: WEP, WPA2, WPA3 - Wireless Threats & Attacks - Wireless Hacking Tools |
| IoT & OT Security | 4% | - Attacks on IoT & OT Systems - Security Controls - IoT/OT Architecture & Risks |
| Introduction to Ethical Hacking | 5% | - Legal and Ethical Compliance - Cyber Kill Chain & MITRE ATT&CK - Ethical Hacking Methodology - Information Security Concepts |
| Scanning Networks | 8% | - Scanning Beyond IDS/Firewall - Host & Port Discovery - Network Scanning Basics - AI-Assisted Scanning - Scanning Countermeasures - Service & OS Fingerprinting |
| System Hacking | 8% | - Gaining Access: Password Attacks - Clearing Tracks & Logs - Privilege Escalation - Maintaining Access |
| Cloud Computing | 5% | - Cloud Security Risks - Cloud Security Best Practices - Cloud Models & Services - AWS, Azure, GCP Attacks |
| Malware Threats | 7% | - Malware Types: Trojans, Viruses, Worms - Malware Analysis & Countermeasures - APT & Fileless Malware - AI-Powered Malware |
| Mobile Platforms | 4% | - Android & iOS Vulnerabilities - Mobile Device Security - Mobile Attack Vectors |
| Web Server & Application Attacks | 8% | - SQL Injection & Command Injection - Web Server Vulnerabilities - API Security Risks - Web Application Attacks: XSS, CSRF - Web Security Countermeasures |
| Enumeration | 7% | - Enumeration Concepts - DNS, SMTP, NFS Enumeration - AI-Driven Enumeration - Enumeration Countermeasures - NetBIOS, SNMP, LDAP Enumeration |
| Footprinting and Reconnaissance | 7% | - Reconnaissance Concepts - OSINT Techniques - DNS, WHOIS, Network Mapping - Reconnaissance Countermeasures |
| Social Engineering | 6% | - Social Engineering Concepts - Identity Theft - Countermeasures & Awareness - Phishing, Pretexting, Baiting |
| Evading IDS, Firewalls, and Honeypots | 5% | - IDS, IPS, Firewall Technologies - Evasion Techniques - Honeypot Concepts & Detection |
| Session Hijacking | 4% | - Application & Network Level Hijacking - Hijacking Techniques - Countermeasures - Session Hijacking Concepts |
| Sniffing | 5% | - Packet Sniffing Concepts - MITM Attacks - Sniffing Countermeasures - Sniffing Tools & Techniques |
| Vulnerability Analysis | 8% | - Scanning & Analysis Tools - Vulnerability Classification & Scoring - Vulnerability Assessment Lifecycle - Vulnerability Research & Databases |
| Cryptography | 5% | - Cryptanalysis & Attacks - Encryption Concepts & Algorithms - Public Key Infrastructure - Cryptography in Practice |
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NEW QUESTION # 899
Maya Patel from SecureHorizon Consulting is investigating a breach at Dallas General Hospital in Texas after a nurse misplaced a smartphone containing patient management software. Although the device remained active on the network, administrators had no way to identify its physical whereabouts, delaying incident response and allowing sensitive medical records to be exposed for hours. Which mobile security guideline would have most directly reduced the impact of this incident?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Registering devices with a remote locate and wipe facility allows administrators to quickly track and, if necessary, erase lost or stolen devices. This capability would have reduced exposure of sensitive data in the event of a misplaced smartphone.
NEW QUESTION # 900
A logistics company recently found that some of its fleet vehicles equipped with smart locking systems were compromised, leading to vehicle thefts. The cybersecurity team suspects that attackers captured unique signals emitted by the key fobs during regular usage. To effectively confirm and prevent this attack in the future, what should the security team prioritize?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Updating the vehicle's onboard firmware can introduce or strengthen protections such as rolling codes and cryptographic challenge-response mechanisms, preventing attackers from reusing captured key fob signals to unlock or start vehicles.
NEW QUESTION # 901
A penetration tester suspects that a web application's product search feature is vulnerable to SQL injection. The tester needs to confirm this by manipulating the SQL query. What is the best technique to test for SQL injection?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Injecting a tautological condition such as 1 OR 1=1 manipulates the SQL query logic to always evaluate as true. If the application returns all products or behaves abnormally, it confirms the presence of a SQL injection vulnerability.
NEW QUESTION # 902
The Heartbleed bug was discovered in 2014 and is widely referred to under MITRE's Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) as CVE-2014-0160. This bug affects the OpenSSL implementation of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocols defined in RFC6520.
What type of key does this bug leave exposed to the Internet making exploitation of any compromised system very easy?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Heartbleed vulnerability (CVE-2014-0160) is a critical buffer over-read flaw in OpenSSL's implementation of the TLS heartbeat extension. It allows attackers to read portions of memory from a server using vulnerable versions of OpenSSL.
This exposed sensitive data including:
Usernames and passwords
Session tokens
Private encryption keys
From CEH v13 Study Guide - Module 5: Vulnerability Analysis and Module 6: Malware Threats:
"The Heartbleed vulnerability allowed attackers to extract memory contents from the OpenSSL process, including sensitive materials such as private SSL keys. These private keys are used in the TLS protocol to encrypt and decrypt secure communications. Once compromised, attackers could decrypt communications or impersonate the server." Private keys being compromised allow attackers to decrypt HTTPS traffic, impersonate trusted servers, and conduct MITM (Man-in-the-Middle) attacks.
Incorrect Options:
A). Public: Public keys are already shared and not a security risk if disclosed.
C). Shared: Vague term not applicable here.
D). Root: Heartbleed doesn't directly expose root keys; rather, it leaks application memory including private SSL/TLS keys.
Reference:CEH v13 Study Guide - Module 5: Vulnerability Analysis # Case Study: HeartbleedNVD/CVE Details: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-0160OpenSSL Advisory: https://www.openssl.org/news
/secadv_20140407.txt
NEW QUESTION # 903
You are a cybersecurlty consultant for a smart city project. The project involves deploying a vast network of loT devices for public utilities like traffic control, water supply, and power grid management The city administration is concerned about the possibility of a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack crippling these critical services. They have asked you for advice on how to prevent such an attack. What would be your primary recommendation?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Implementing regular firmware updates for all IoT devices is the primary recommendation to prevent DDoS attacks on the smart city project. Firmware updates can fix security vulnerabilities, patch bugs, and improve performance of the IoT devices, making them less susceptible to malware infections and botnet recruitment12. Firmware updates can also enable new security features, such as encryption, authentication, and firewall, that can protect the IoT devices from unauthorized access and data theft3. Firmware updates should be done automatically or remotely, without requiring user intervention, to ensure timely and consistent security across the IoT network4.
The other options are not as effective or feasible as firmware updates for the following reasons:
* B. Deploying network intrusion detection systems (IDS) across the IoT network can help detect and alert DDoS attacks, but not prevent them. IDS can monitor network traffic and identify malicious patterns, such as high volume, spoofed IP addresses, or unusual protocols, that indicate a DDoS attack5.
However, IDS cannot block or mitigate the attack, and may even be overwhelmed by the flood of traffic, resulting in false positives or missed alerts. Moreover, deploying IDS across a vast network of IoT devices can be costly, complex, and resource-intensive, as it requires dedicated hardware, software, and personnel.
* C. Establishing strong, unique passwords for each IoT device can prevent unauthorized access and brute-force attacks, but not DDoS attacks. Passwords can protect the IoT devices from being compromised by hackers who try to guess or crack the default or weak credentials. However, passwords cannot prevent DDoS attacks that exploit known or unknown vulnerabilities in the IoT devices, such as buffer overflows, command injections, or protocol flaws. Moreover, establishing and managing strong, unique passwords for each IoT device can be challenging and impractical, as it requires user awareness, memory, and effort.
* D. Implementing IP address whitelisting for all IoT devices can restrict network access and communication to trusted sources, but not DDoS attacks. IP address whitelisting can filter out unwanted or malicious traffic by allowing only the predefined IP addresses to connect to the IoT devices.
However, IP address whitelisting cannot prevent DDoS attacks that use spoofed or legitimate IP addresses, such as reflection or amplification attacks, that bypass the whitelisting rules. Moreover, implementing IP address whitelisting for all IoT devices can be difficult and risky, as it requires constant updating, testing, and monitoring of the whitelist, and may block legitimate or emergency traffic by mistake.
References:
* 1: How to proactively protect IoT devices from DDoS attacks - Synopsys
* 2: IoT and DDoS: Cyberattacks on the Rise | A10 Networks
* 3: Detection and Prevention of DDoS Attacks on the IoT - MDPI
* 4: How to Secure IoT Devices: 5 Best Practices | IoT For All
* 5: Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) Part 1 - Network Security | Coursera
* : DDoS Attacks: Detection and Mitigation - Cisco
* : The Challenges of IoT Security - Infosec Resources
* : IoT Security: How to Protect Connected Devices and the IoT Ecosystem | Kaspersky
* : IoT Security: Common Vulnerabilities and Attacks | IoT For All
* : The Password Problem: How to Use Passwords Effectively in 2021 | Dashlane Blog
* : What is IP Whitelisting? | Cloudflare
* : DDoS Attacks: Types, Techniques, and Protection | Cloudflare
* : IP Whitelisting: Pros and Cons | Imperva
NEW QUESTION # 904
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