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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Physician Roles (CanMEDS Framework) | - Medical Expert
|
明日ではなく、今日が大事と良く知られるから、そんなにぐずぐずしないで早く我々社のMedical Council of Canada MCCQE日本語対策問題集を勉強し、自身を充実させます。我々社の練習問題は長年でMCCQE全真模擬試験トレーニング資料に研究している専業化チームによって編集されます。Medical Council of Canada MCCQE資格問題集はPDF版、ソフト版、オンライン版を含まれ、この三つバージョンから自分の愛用することを選んでいます。他の人に先立ってMedical Council of Canada MCCQE認定資格を得るために、今から勉強しましょう。
質問 # 132
Which one of the following bodies decides whether a physician is permitted to practise medicine in a province or territory?
正解：B
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
The authority to license and regulate physicians to practise medicine is held by the medical regulatory colleges in each province or territory (e.g., CPSO in Ontario, CPSBC in BC).
MCC Objectives (ELOM > 90-1: Medical Regulation in Canada):
"Licensure to practise medicine is granted by the provincial or territorial medical regulatory authority." Toronto Notes 2023 - Ethics and Canadian Health Care System:
"Medical regulatory colleges determine physician licensure and discipline in each jurisdiction." The CFPC/RCPSC (C) certify physicians, not license them. Ministries of Health (A) oversee health policy, not licensing. Associations (E) advocate for physicians but do not regulate. Hospital boards (B) grant privileges, not licenses.
質問 # 133
A 24-year-old woman presents with rapidly increasing lower leg pain. Less than 24 hours ago, she fell off her bicycle and had some minor abrasions. On examination, she is in severe pain and appears anxious. Local examination of her leg reveals mild discoloration with marked tenderness but no swelling in her calf. Which one of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
正解：D
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
Rapid progression of pain out of proportion to exam, systemic symptoms (anxiety), and skinchanges without major swelling are classic for necrotizing fasciitis-a surgical emergency. Discoloration and extreme tenderness should raise immediate concern.
Toronto Notes 2023 - Emergency Medicine / Surgery:
"Necrotizing fasciitis presents with severe pain, systemic toxicity, rapid progression, and early skin changes (discoloration). Pain out of proportion is a key clue." MCCQE1 Objectives (Emergency Medicine > 51-1: Soft Tissue Infections):
"Candidates must recognize necrotizing fasciitis and initiate urgent surgical consultation." Plantaris rupture (A) is benign and localized. DVT (B) is more gradual and often with swelling. Cellulitis (C) progresses more slowly and is less painful. Baker's cyst (D) causes posterior knee pain, not severe systemic illness.
質問 # 134
A 6-year-old boy is brought to the Emergency Department by his daycare provider because he has an injured left arm. Physical examination findings show a swollen left arm just below the shoulder and bruising around both knees and the upper right arm. Radiographs of the left arm show a fracture with early callus formation around the proximal humeral shaft. Which one of the following is the most important next step?
正解：E
解説：
This presentation is classic for Zenker diverticulum, characterized by progressive dysphagia, regurgitation of undigested food, coughing, and halitosis due to food retention in a pharyngoesophageal pouch. Symptoms are chronic and episodic, often involving regurgitation hours after eating. MCCQE objectives emphasize selecting the safest and most appropriate diagnostic test. The best initial test is a barium swallow (contrast esophagram), which clearly visualizes the posterior outpouching above the upper esophageal sphincter.
Endoscopy is not the first step because there is a risk of perforation if a large diverticulum is present. pH monitoring and PPI trials are used for gastroesophageal reflux disease, which does not explain regurgitation of undigested food and halitosis. CT chest is unnecessary for diagnosis.
Therefore, a barium swallow is the safest and most informative investigation to confirm suspected Zenker diverticulum before considering surgical or endoscopic management.
質問 # 135
An 84-year-old woman is brought by ambulance to the emergency department after she was found by a neighbour. She had fallen, sustained a hip fracture, and was unable to move for the past 2 days. After starting rehydration, she reports hip pain and numbness and tingling in both her legs. Physical examination reveals faint pulses in both legs and severely swollen lower legs that are painful to palpation. The urine in the Foley catheter bag seems to be darker than normal. Which one of the following is the best next step?
正解：C
解説：
This patient presents with signs of acute compartment syndrome (pain out of proportion, paresthesia, pallor, swelling, decreased pulses, and dark urine indicating rhabdomyolysis). Measuring compartment pressures is the diagnostic test of choice to confirm the diagnosis and guide urgent surgical fasciotomy.
Toronto Notes 2023 - Orthopedics:
"Acute compartment syndrome should be suspected in any patient with severe extremity pain, swelling, sensory deficits, and tense compartments. Confirm with compartment pressure measurements. Fasciotomy is indicated if pressure is >30 mmHg or within 30 mmHg of diastolic pressure." MCCQE1 Objectives (Surgery > 51-2: Limb Trauma):
"Candidates must diagnose acute compartment syndrome and initiate appropriate surgical referral after confirming with pressure measurements." Angiography and Doppler studies assess vascular compromise but are not the first step in suspected compartment syndrome. Fixing the hip (C) and testing myoglobin (E) are not diagnostic steps.
質問 # 136
A 55-year-old man presents with vague abdominal pain and general weakness. His mother had colon cancer and died at age 60 years. His physical examination findings and complete blood count results are normal.
Which one of the following tests should be ordered first?
正解：B
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
Given his age and a first-degree relative with colon cancer diagnosed before age 60, this patient meets criteria for early colon cancer screening. Colonoscopy is the gold standard for both screening and diagnosis in this context.
Toronto Notes 2023 - Gastroenterology, "Colorectal Cancer Screening":
"Patients with a first-degree relative diagnosed with colorectal cancer before age 60 should begin screening at age 40, or 10 years before the relative's diagnosis. Colonoscopy is the preferred method." MCCQE1 Objectives (Population Health > Preventive Screening > 63-1):
"Candidates must apply colorectal cancer screening guidelines and select appropriate tests based on risk level." FIT (A) is for average-risk screening. MRI (B) and CT colonography (E) are secondary. Barium enema (D) is outdated.
質問 # 137
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