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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Network Optimization and Monitoring | 15% | - Junos Analytics and Streaming Telemetry - Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) - OpenConfig and YANG - sFlow and Port Mirroring for traffic analysis - Class of Service (CoS) โ schedulers, drop profiles, rewrite rules |
| Topic 2: Layer 2 Switching | 15% | - BPDU Protection, Loop Protection - Link Aggregation (LACP) - Layer 2 Forwarding and MAC Table Management - Spanning Tree Protocols (STP, RSTP, MSTP) - VLANs and VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) |
| Topic 3: Security and Automation | 15% | - Ansible and Jinja2 templating - Junos PyFMT (Python-based automation) - Interactive CLI and scripts - Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP) - MACsec (Encryption at Layer 2) - Storm Control and Port Security - 802.1X (Port-Based Network Access Control) |
| Topic 4: Layer 3 Routing | 20% | - IS-IS (single area, multi-area) - OSPF (Multi-area, LSA types, SPF calculation) - BGP (iBGP, eBGP, route reflectors, confederations) - Policy-Based Routing - Route Redistribution and Route Filtering - Load Balancing and ECMP |
| Topic 5: High Availability | 20% | - Graceful Routing Engine Switchover (GRES) - Non-Stop Routing (NSR) - IP Surveillance and Multicast RP - In-Service Software Upgrade (ISSU) - Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) - Virtual Chassis (VC) and Virtual Chassis Fabric (VCF) - Non-Stop Bridging (NSB) |
| Topic 6: Services | 15% | - Quality of Service (QoS) โ classification, policing, shaping, queuing - DNS Relay - Firewall Filters (ACLs) and Policers - DHCP Relay and Snooping |
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NEW QUESTION # 86
Click the Exhibit button.
You are configuring EBGP load balancing on R1 to use both uplinks to ISPs for outbound traffic.
Both ISPs advertise the multiple prefixes with identical AS_PATH lengths. However, traffic is still using only one uplink.
Referring to the exhibit, which additional configuration is required on R1 to enable EBGP multipath load balancing?
Answer: A
Explanation:
EBGP multipath normally requires eligible paths to come from the same neighboring AS.
Because the two uplinks are to different ISP ASs, the multiple-as option is required to allow BGP to install multiple equal-cost EBGP paths learned from different autonomous systems.
NEW QUESTION # 87
You are troubleshooting a multicast deployment in a network. Some multicast groups operate in PIM-ASM mode and others operate in PIM-SSM mode. While troubleshooting, you note the following:
- The network uses IGMPv2 for some segments and IGMPv3 for others.
- For group 232.1.1.1, receivers know the exact source IP of the multicast sender
- For group 239.10.10.10. receivers do not know the source address in advance.
Which two statements correctly describe the operational differences between these two modes in Junos OS?
(Choose two.)
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Junos OS 24.4 handles multicast traffic using two distinct models based on whether the source is known in advance.
* Knowledge and Sources (Option A):PIM-ASM (Any Source Multicast)is designed for "many-to- many" communication where receivers join a group ($*,G$) and rely on a Rendezvous Point (RP) to discover active sources. In contrast,PIM-SSM (Source-Specific Multicast)is for "one-to-many" scenarios where receivers must alreadyknow the exact source IP($S,G$) before joining.
* Protocol and RP Logic (Option D):PIM-SSMbypasses the RP entirely. It relies onIGMPv3messages from the host, which explicitly include both the source address and the group address. This allows the last-hop router to build a Shortest Path Tree (SPT) directly toward the source immediately.
* Register Process (Option B):While PIM-ASM does use registers, it is the First-Hop Router (Designated Router on the source segment) that sends the register to the RP, not the receiver's DR.
* RP Role (Option C):This is exactly backwards; PIM-ASMrequiresan RP for source discovery, whereas PIM-SSM does not use one at all.
NEW QUESTION # 88
Exhibit.
You have determined that traffic in your network is being routed through your route reflector instead of using the optimal path. Referring to the exhibit, what are two configuration changes on the route reflector that would solve the problem? (Choose two.)
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
The exhibit shows a BGP Route Reflector (RR) configuration where an export policy named NHS (Next-Hop Self) is applied to the internal BGP group int-group. The policy NHS sets the next-hop self attribute for BGP routes.
* The Problem (Traffic Tromboning):In a standard BGP Route Reflector design, the RR should reflect routes without modifying the BGP next-hop attribute. By applying a next-hop self policy on the export to clients, the RR tells all its clients thatitis the exit point for those routes. Consequently, all data plane traffic is sent to the RR first before being forwarded to the actual destination, rather than following the optimal direct path between clients. This is known as "traffic tromboning" or suboptimal routing.
* The Solution (Option C):The most direct way to fix this is todelete the export policythat is forcing the next-hop to be the RR. By deleting protocols bgp group int-group export NHS, the RR will resume standard behavior and reflect the original next-hop received from the route source, allowing clients to route traffic directly to the correct destination.
* The Refined Solution (Option D):If you must keep the NHS policy (perhaps for routes learned from external peers), you should ensure it only applies to those specific routes. By adding from route-type internal to the policy term and then potentially changing the logic (or simply narrowing the scope), you can prevent the RR from incorrectly applying next-hop self to internal routes that it is merely reflecting.
In the context of this specific problem,Option Dcombined with a change in the policy's action or scope helps ensure reflected internal routes maintain their original, optimal next-hops.
* Option Ais incorrect because setting next-hop self for external routes is common practice, but it doesn't solve the problem of internal reflected routes being diverted to the RR.
* Option Bis incorrect because applying this as an import policy would change how the RR itself sees the routes, but it wouldn't fix the attributes being sent out to the clients in the reflection process.
NEW QUESTION # 89
You have a P-VLAN that spans multiple switches. In this scenario, how do you enable communication across the P-VLAN?
Answer: B
Explanation:
To enable communication across a P-VLAN (primary VLAN) that spans multiple switches, you must configure trunk ports with inter-switch links. This allows the P-VLAN traffic to traverse multiple switches while maintaining the separation between associated secondary VLANs.
NEW QUESTION # 90
You are asked to implement CoS schedulers to allocate resources to queues on your EX Series device. In this scenario, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Low-priority queues are allowed to use excess available bandwidth when higher-priority queues are not fully utilizing their allocations.
Strict-high priority queues are serviced before other queues and can consume all available bandwidth during congestion, potentially starving lower-priority queues.
NEW QUESTION # 91
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