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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Network Cutover | 7% | - Basic cutover concepts - Migration process |
| Topic 2: Advanced Ethernet Technologies | 10% | - VLANs - Ethernet security |
| Topic 3: Advanced IGP Features | 17% | - Fast convergence - IS-IS advanced features - Route control - OSPF advanced features |
| Topic 4: Advanced BGP Features | 10% | - Inter-domain routing optimization - BGP route control - Advanced BGP features - Route reflectors |
| Topic 5: MPLS Technologies | 19% | - MPLS VPN applications - MPLS forwarding - MPLS configuration - MPLS principles |
| Topic 6: Network O&M | 7% | - Routine maintenance - Data collection |
| Topic 7: IPv6 Routing | 20% | - OSPFv3 - IPv6 static routes - BGP4+ - IS-IS for IPv6 |
| Topic 8: Network Troubleshooting | 10% | - Troubleshooting methods - Structured troubleshooting processes |
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NEW QUESTION # 234
In the hub-spoke networking shown in the figure, the Hub-PE can be configured to allow repetitive local AS numbers for correct route transmission .
Is this statement TRUE or FALSE?
Options:
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
1. Understanding the Hub-Spoke BGP Design
* Hub-Spoke topology is commonly used in MPLS Layer 3 VPNs , where:
* Hub-PE acts as a central router.
* Spoke-PEs connect to the hub but do not communicate directly with each other .
* eBGP (External BGP) is used between the Hub-PE and Spoke-PE routers.
2. The Role of AS Numbers in BGP Route Transmission
* By default, BGP prevents routes from being sent back to the same AS (Autonomous System) to avoid loops (via the AS_PATH loop prevention mechanism ).
* However, in a Hub-Spoke MPLS VPN, the Hub-PE must be allowed to re-advertise routes learned from one spoke to another spoke.
* This requires allowing repetitive AS numbers within the same AS to avoid BGP rejecting valid routes.
3. Solution: Using " Allow-AS Loop " on the Hub-PE
* The allowas-in or allow-as-loop command must be used on Hub-PE to allow repetitive local AS numbers.
* This ensures that routes from Spoke-PE1 (AS65002) are advertised to Spoke-PE2 (AS65003) via Hub-PE, even if AS numbers are repeated .
Example Configuration on Hub-PE:
plaintext
CopyEdit
bgp 65001
peer Spoke-PE1 allow-as-loop 2
peer Spoke-PE2 allow-as-loop 2
* This allows Hub-PE to accept and propagate routes even if the AS number appears more than once.
4. Evaluating the Answer Choices
Option
Correct?
Reasoning
A). TRUE
# Correct
Hub-PE can be configured to allow repetitive AS numbers using the allow-as-loop feature.
B). FALSE
# Incorrect
BGP by default prevents repeated AS numbers, but this can be overridden.
# Correct answer: A. TRUE
Final Conclusion:
* By default, BGP prevents AS loopbacks.
* Hub-PE needs to allow repetitive AS numbers for proper route transmission in the hub-spoke model.
* The " allow-as-loop " command enables this functionality.
* Thus, the correct answer is: TRUE.
Reference:
HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 - BGP AS-Path Handling Huawei Official HCIP-Datacom Study Guide - MPLS Hub-Spoke VPN and AS Loop Prevention Huawei Documentation on BGP allow-as-loop Command
NEW QUESTION # 235
As shown in the figure, an administrator has enabled the port isolation function on the interface of the switch connected to the terminal. In this scenario, which of the following IP addresses cannot be pinged by PC1?
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 236
The entries in the MAC address table are divided into dynamic entries, static entries and black hole entries. At the same time, there is also a service type of MAC address entry in the MAC address table of the switch, which is generally converted from dynamic entries.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 237
On the IS-IS network shown in the figure, R1 imports a default route using the default-route-advertise always level-1 command. Which of the following statements are true?
Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:
This IS-IS network includes:
* R1 as a Level-1 router (area-internal only)
* R2 as a Level-1-2 router (acts as a border between L1 and L2)
* R3 as a Level-2 router (external to area 49.0001)
The command on R1 :
plaintext
CopyEdit
default-route-advertise always level-1
means R1 advertises a default route (0.0.0.0/0) to other Level-1 routers . This helps L1 routers like R1 route toward unknown destinations via R2 .
Now analyzing each option:
* # Option A: 10.0.2.2 can ping 10.0.3.3 # Correct R2 is Level-1-2 and has a Level-2 adjacency to R3.
So R2 (10.0.2.2) can reach R3 ' s loopback (10.0.3.3).
* # Option B: 10.0.12.2 can ping 10.0.3.3 # Correct 10.0.12.2 is on R2, and R2 has full visibility of R3 through Level-2. Thus, it can route traffic to 10.0.3.3.
* # Option C: 10.0.1.1 can ping 10.0.3.3 # Incorrect R1 is Level-1 only and cannot see Level-2-only destinations like 10.0.3.3. There is no route leaking from R2's L2 database into the L1 area.
* # Option D: 10.0.1.1 can ping 10.0.2.2 # Correct Both are in the Level-1 area (49.0001). The IS-IS Level-1 adjacency allows reachability between these loopbacks.
# Official Huawei Extract:
" In IS-IS, Level-1 routers cannot learn Level-2-only routes unless route leaking is configured. A Level-
1-2 router like R2 can route between L1 and L2 domains. The command default-route-advertise always level-1 causes R2 to advertise a default route into the Level-1 area, enabling R1 to forward unknown destinations. However, L1 routers still cannot reach L2-only loopbacks like R3's unless route leaking is explicitly configured. "
- [Huawei HCIA-Datacom Certification Guide - Chapter: IS-IS Route Types and Default Route Advertisement]
NEW QUESTION # 238
Which of the following descriptions is correct about configuring static LSP in MPLS network? (Multiple choice)
Answer: A,B,D
NEW QUESTION # 239
......
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