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Amazon DOP-C02 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Section	Weight	Objectives
Topic 1: Security and Compliance Automation	13%	- Security automation in CI/CD and infrastructure 1. IAM policy automation and governance 2. Compliance monitoring and auditing
Topic 2: Configuration Management and Infrastructure as Code	17%	- Infrastructure provisioning and automation 1. Configuration tools and automation strategies 2. AWS CloudFormation and CDK usage
Topic 3: SDLC Automation	22%	- CI/CD pipeline design and implementation 1. Build and deployment automation 2. Pipeline optimization and scaling
Topic 4: Incident and Event Management	18%	- Operational response and recovery 1. Incident detection and remediation 2. Automated event-driven responses
Topic 5: Resilient Cloud Solutions	15%	- High availability and fault tolerance design 1. Disaster recovery strategies 2. Multi-AZ and multi-region architectures
Topic 6: Monitoring and Logging	15%	- Observability and metrics 1. CloudWatch monitoring and alarms 2. Log aggregation and analysis

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Amazon AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional DOP-C02 Prüfungsfragen mit Lösungen (Q384-Q389):

384. Frage
A company updated the AWS Cloud Formation template for a critical business application. The stack update process failed due to an error in the updated template and AWS CloudFormation automatically began the stack rollback process Later a DevOps engineer discovered that the application was still unavailable and that the stack was in the UPDATE_ROLLBACK_FAILED state.
Which combination of actions should the DevOps engineer perform so that the stack rollback can complete successfully? (Select TWO.)

A. Issue a ContinueUpdateRollback command from the AWS CloudFormation console or the AWS CLI.
B. Manually adjust the resources to match the expectations of the stack.
C. Attach the AWSC loud Formation FullAccess IAM policy to the AWS CtoudFormation role.
D. Automatically recover the stack resources by using AWS CloudFormation drift detection.
E. Update the existing AWS CloudFormation stack by using the original template.

Antwort: A,B

Begründung:
Explanation
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/cloudformation/continue-update-rollback.html For a specified stack that is in the UPDATE_ROLLBACK_FAILED state, continues rolling it back to the UPDATE_ROLLBACK_COMPLETE state. Depending on the cause of the failure, you can manually fix the error and continue the rollback. By continuing the rollback, you can return your stack to a working state (the UPDATE_ROLLBACK_COMPLETE state), and then try to update the stack again.

385. Frage
A DevOps team supports an application that sends many requests through multiple external systems. The application runs on many Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application stages requests to the external systems in Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queues. The application emits logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs.
The DevOps team wants to notify an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic when there are 10 or more errors during a 5-minute period for requests to the external systems.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

A. Configure an Amazon CloudWatch subscription filter to send data to an AWS Lambda function.Configure the Lambda function to parse the log entries and publish a custom metric for failed requests to the external systems. Configure a CloudWatch alarm to notify an SNS topic when there are more than 10 errors during a 5-minute period.
B. Use Amazon CloudWatch anomaly detection on the log group. Use a filter pattern of ERROR with an evaluation frequency of 5 minutes. Configure a CloudWatch alarm for the LogAnomalyPriority dimension to breach on a static threshold of 10. Configure the alarm to notify an SNS topic.
C. Publish a custom metric for requests to the external systems that result in errors. Configure an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to invoke an AWS Lambda function when there are more than 10 errors during a 5- minute period. Configure the Lambda function to notify an SNS topic.
D. Configure an Amazon CloudWatch metric filter on the application log group that uses a regular expression to match external requests that result in errors. Use the CloudWatch metric to publish a custom metric. Configure a CloudWatch alarm to alert an SNS topic when there are more than 10 errors during a 5-minute period.

Antwort: D

Begründung:
Amazon CloudWatch metric filters are the least-overhead method for converting log data into actionable metrics and alarms. By defining a metric filter on the CloudWatch Logs log group with a regex pattern that matches external system error log entries, CloudWatch automatically increments a custom metric each time a matching event appears. A CloudWatch alarm configured with a period of 5 minutes and a threshold of 10 will trigger and publish directly to the SNS topic without requiring any additional compute resources. Option B adds an unnecessary Lambda invocation between the alarm and the SNS notification. Option C uses anomaly detection, which is probabilistic and not suited for a hard threshold requirement. Option D requires a subscription filter plus a Lambda function to publish the custom metric, which introduces additional components, Lambda costs, and higher operational complexity than a native metric filter.

386. Frage
An ecommerce company uses a large number of Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) backed Amazon EC2 instances. To decrease manual work across all the instances, a DevOps engineer is tasked with automating restart actions when EC2 instance retirement events are scheduled.
How can this be accomplished?

A. Enable EC2Auto Recovery on all of the instances. Create an AWS Config rule to limit the recovery to occur during a maintenance window only
B. Create a scheduled Amazon EventBridge rule to run an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook that checks if any EC2 instances are scheduled for retirement once a week If the instance is scheduled for retirement the runbook will hibernate the instance
C. Reboot all EC2 instances during an approved maintenance window that is outside of standard business hours Set up Amazon CloudWatch alarms to send a notification in case any instance is failing EC2 instance status checks
D. Set up an AWS Health Amazon EventBridge rule to run AWS Systems Manager Automation runbooks that stop and start the EC2 instance when a retirement scheduled event occurs.

Antwort: D

Begründung:
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/mt/automate-remediation-actions-for-amazon-ec2-notifications-and-beyond-using-ec2-systems-manager-automation-and-aws-health/

387. Frage
A company has deployed a new platform that runs on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS).
The new platform hosts web applications that users frequently update. The application developers build the Docker images for the applications and deploy the Docker images manually to the platform.
The platform usage has increased to more than 500 users every day. Frequent updates, building the updated Docker images for the applications, and deploying the Docker images on the platform manually have all become difficult to manage.
The company needs to receive an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) notification if Docker image scanning returns any HIGH or CRITICAL findings for operating system or programming language package vulnerabilities.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

A. Create an AWS CodeCommit repository to store the Dockerfile and Kubernetes deployment files.
Create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline. Use an Amazon EvenlBridge event to invoke the pipeline when a newer version of the Dockerfile is committed. Add a step to the pipeline to initiate the AWS CodeBuild project.
B. Create an AWS CodeBuild project that builds the Docker images and stores the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. Turn on basic scanning for the ECR repository. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that monitors Amazon GuardDuty events. Configure the EventBridge rule to send an event to an SNS topic when the finding-severity-counts parameter is more than 0 at a CRITICAL or HIGH level.
C. Create an AWS CodeBuild project that scans the Dockerfile. Configure the project to build the Docker images and store the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository if the scan is successful. Configure an SNS topic to provide notification if the scan returns any vulnerabilities.
D. Create an AWS CodeCommit repository to store the Dockerfile and Kubernetes deployment files.
Create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline. Use an Amazon S3 event to invoke the pipeline when a newer version of the Dockerfile is committed. Add a stop to the pipeline to initiate the AWS CodeBuild project.
E. Create an AWS CodeBuild project that builds the Docker images and stores the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. Turn on enhanced scanning for the ECR repository. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that monitors ECR image scan events. Configure the EventBridge rule to send an event to an SNS topic when the finding-severity-counts parameter is more than 0 at a CRITICAL or HIGH level.

Antwort: A,E

Begründung:
Step 1: Automate Docker Image Deployment using AWS CodePipeline
The first challenge is the manual process of building and deploying Docker images. To address this, you can use AWS CodePipeline to automate the process. AWS CodePipeline integrates with CodeCommit (for source code and Dockerfile storage) and CodeBuild (to build Docker images and store them in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (ECR)).
Action: Create an AWS CodeCommit repository to store the Dockerfile and Kubernetes deployment files.
Then, create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline that triggers on new commits via an Amazon EventBridge event.
Why: This automation significantly reduces the manual effort of building and deploying Docker images when updates are made to the codebase.
Reference: AWS documentation on AWS CodePipeline and CodeCommit Integration.
This corresponds to Option B: Create an AWS CodeCommit repository to store the Dockerfile and Kubernetes deployment files. Create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline. Use an Amazon EventBridge event to invoke the pipeline when a newer version of the Dockerfile is committed. Add a step to the pipeline to initiate the AWS CodeBuild project.
Step 2: Enabling Enhanced Scanning on Amazon ECR and Monitoring VulnerabilitiesTo scan for vulnerabilities in Docker images, Amazon ECR provides both basic and enhanced scanning options.
Enhanced scanning offers deeper and more frequent scans, and integrates with Amazon EventBridge to send notifications based on findings.
Action: Turn on enhanced scanning for the Amazon ECR repository where the Docker images are stored. Use Amazon EventBridge to monitor image scan events and trigger an Amazon SNS notification if any HIGH or CRITICAL vulnerabilities are found.
Why: Enhanced scanning provides a detailed analysis of operating system and programming language package vulnerabilities, which can trigger notifications in real-time.
Reference: AWS documentation on Enhanced Scanning for Amazon ECR.
This corresponds to Option D: Create an AWS CodeBuild project that builds the Docker images and stores the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. Turn on enhanced scanning for the ECR repository. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that monitors ECR image scan events.
Configure the EventBridge rule to send an event to an SNS topic when the finding-severity-counts parameter is more than 0 at a CRITICAL or HIGH level.

388. Frage
A company has an organization in AWS Organizations. A DevOps engineer needs to maintain multiple AWS accounts that belong to different OUs in the organization. All resources, including 1AM policies and Amazon S3 policies within an account, are deployed through AWS CloudFormation. All templates and code are maintained in an AWS CodeCommit repository Recently, some developers have not been able to access an S3 bucket from some accounts in the organization.
The following policy is attached to the S3 bucket.
What should the DevOps engineer do to resolve this access issue?

A. Ensure that no SCP is blocking access for developers to the S3 bucket Ensure that no 1AM policy permissions boundaries are denying access to developer 1AM users Make the necessary changes to the SCP and 1AM policy permissions boundaries in the CodeCommit repository Invoke deployment through CloudFormation to apply the changes
B. Modify the S3 bucket policy Turn off the S3 Block Public Access setting on the S3 bucket In the S3 policy, add the awsSourceAccount condition. Add the AWS account IDs of all developers who are experiencing the issue.
C. Verify that no 1AM permissions boundaries are denying developers access to the S3 bucket Make the necessary changes to IAM permissions boundaries. Use an AWS Config recorder in the individual developer accounts that are experiencing the issue to revert any changes that are blocking access. Commit the fix back into the CodeCommit repository. Invoke deployment through Cloud Formation to apply the changes.
D. Configure an SCP that stops anyone from modifying 1AM resources in developer OUs. In the S3 policy, add the awsSourceAccount condition. Add the AWS account IDs of all developers who are experiencing the issue Commit the fix back into the CodeCommit repository Invoke deployment through CloudFormation to apply the changes

Antwort: A

Begründung:
Verify No SCP Blocking Access:
Ensure that no Service Control Policy (SCP) is blocking access for developers to the S3 bucket. SCPs are applied at the organization or organizational unit (OU) level in AWS Organizations and can restrict what actions users and roles in the affected accounts can perform.
Verify No IAM Policy Permissions Boundaries Blocking Access:
IAM permissions boundaries can limit the maximum permissions that a user or role can have. Verify that these boundaries are not restricting access to the S3 bucket.
Make Necessary Changes to SCP and IAM Policy Permissions Boundaries:
Adjust the SCPs and IAM permissions boundaries if they are found to be the cause of the access issue. Make sure these changes are reflected in the code maintained in the AWS CodeCommit repository.
Invoke Deployment Through CloudFormation:
Commit the updated policies to the CodeCommit repository.
Use AWS CloudFormation to deploy the changes across the relevant accounts and resources to ensure that the updated permissions are applied consistently.
By ensuring no SCPs or IAM policy permissions boundaries are blocking access and making necessary changes if they are, the DevOps engineer can resolve the access issue for developers trying to access the S3 bucket.
References:
AWS SCPs
IAM Permissions Boundaries
Deploying CloudFormation Templates

389. Frage
......

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