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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Savings Planning & Debt Management | 10% | - Savings vehicles and strategies - Debt management and repayment plans |
| Topic 2: Financial Planning Practice | 10% | - Financial plan development process - Client engagement and data gathering |
| Topic 3: Investment and Tax Planning | 10% | - Tax-efficient investing and income planning - Investment portfolio construction |
| Topic 4: Retirement Planning | 20% | - Retirement savings and withdrawal strategies - Retirement income needs analysis - Government and private retirement programs |
| Topic 5: Insurance Planning | 10% | - Property and liability risk management - Life, disability, and critical illness insurance |
| Topic 6: Financial Planning for Small Business | 15% | - Business structure and financial considerations - Succession planning and exit strategies |
| Topic 7: Estate Planning | 10% | - Wills, trusts, and powers of attorney - Estate taxation and wealth transfer |
| Topic 8: Family Law | 15% | - Marriage, cohabitation, and separation agreements - Support obligations and asset division |
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NEW QUESTION # 40
What is a disadvantage of a corporation?
Answer: D
Explanation:
A significant estate-planning disadvantage of private corporate ownership is the potential for double taxation at the death of a shareholder.
At death, a shareholder is generally deemed to dispose of capital property, including shares of a private corporation, at fair market value immediately before death unless an available rollover applies. This can produce a capital gain on the deceased shareholder's terminal return.
A second layer of tax can subsequently arise when corporate assets are sold and the corporation's after-tax value is distributed to the estate or beneficiaries. Without appropriate post-mortem planning, tax may therefore arise once at the shareholder level on the deemed disposition of the shares and again at the corporate
/shareholder level as corporate value is extracted.
Option B is incorrect because one of the principal advantages of incorporation is limited liability, subject to guarantees, statutory liabilities, and exceptional circumstances. Option C is also incorrect because corporations are not categorically excluded from government assistance programs. Option D does not describe the principal disadvantage being tested and overstates the operation of attribution rules.
Post-mortem strategies such as loss carryback or pipeline planning may be considered to mitigate the potential double-tax exposure, depending on circumstances.
FPII reference/topic: Financial Planning for Small Business - incorporation; shareholder death; deemed disposition; post-mortem taxation and double-tax exposure.
NEW QUESTION # 41
Mr. and Mrs. Morrone are retired with two adult children, Joseph and Christine. The Morrones appointed Joseph as their power of attorney several years earlier but they have recently become concerned about him making decisions, particularly on some contentious family property. How can the Morrones address their concern?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Granting authority jointly to Joseph and Christine is the most appropriate response because the Morrones' concern relates to Joseph exercising decision-making authority alone, particularly over contentious property.
Where two attorneys are appointed jointly, important decisions ordinarily require participation or agreement by both attorneys unless the governing document specifically provides otherwise. This introduces oversight and reduces the risk of unilateral action by one child. Ontario's substitute-decision legislation, for example, provides that where two or more attorneys are appointed, they act jointly unless the power of attorney specifies another arrangement. Similar mechanisms exist in other Canadian jurisdictions.
Making the document continuing or enduring, as in option B, addresses whether authority survives subsequent incapacity; it does not solve the concern regarding Joseph's unilateral decisions. Restricting the power to a particular time period may eventually terminate his authority but does not provide ongoing shared oversight.
Option D is particularly unsuitable because the identified concern already involves property decisions; giving Joseph sole property authority would not address that risk.
Joint appointment therefore directly responds to the governance problem while allowing the parents to retain a family-based attorney structure.
FPII reference/topic: Estate Planning - powers of attorney; appointment of multiple attorneys; joint authority; protection of property.
NEW QUESTION # 42
What is the primary difference between a Life Income Fund (LIF) and a Registered Retirement Income Fund (RRIF)?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Both a RRIF and a LIF provide retirement income and are subject to prescribed minimum annual withdrawals. The distinguishing feature of a LIF is that it contains pension money that remains subject to locking-in legislation. Consequently, in addition to the minimum required withdrawal, the amount that may normally be withdrawn from a LIF is subject to an annual maximum.
The Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions confirms that federally regulated LIFs have minimum and maximum annual withdrawal limits. The minimum is governed by income-tax rules, while pension standards legislation determines the maximum.
A conventional RRIF does not impose this pension-based maximum withdrawal limit. Once the required minimum has been taken, the annuitant may generally withdraw additional amounts, although those amounts remain taxable.
Option A is incorrect because there is no universal rule requiring all LIF holders to purchase a life annuity at age 80. Option B incorrectly describes the permitted source of LIF assets; LIFs are primarily funded from locked-in pension arrangements, not simply retirement compensation arrangements. Option D is also incorrect because taxable RRIF withdrawals do not become tax-free merely because they represent the prescribed minimum.
FPII reference/topic: Retirement Planning - RRIFs; LIFs; locked-in pension assets; minimum and maximum retirement withdrawals.
NEW QUESTION # 43
Nelson Smith has hired Jackie Fraser to be his financial advisor. Jackie works for FP Inc. On Nelson's behalf, Jackie has placed an order for units of the QBR Balanced Fund from QBR Investments Inc., a subsidiary of the QBR Insurance Company. Who is the principal and third-party for this transaction?
Answer: A
Explanation:
In an agency relationship, the principal is the person on whose behalf the agent acts. The agent is the person authorized to act for the principal, while a third party is the external person or organization with whom the agent deals in carrying out that authority.
Here, Nelson Smith retained Jackie Fraser as his financial advisor. Jackie places the investment order on Nelson's behalf. Nelson is therefore the principal, and Jackie is acting as the agent in the transaction.
The transaction is placed with QBR Investments Inc., the entity offering the QBR Balanced Fund. QBR Investments is therefore the relevant third party with whom the agent deals for the principal.
Jackie's employer, FP Inc., does not replace Nelson as the principal in the client-advisor agency relationship described by the question. Similarly, QBR Insurance Company's status as the parent of QBR Investments does not make it the relevant third party because the actual fund transaction is with QBR Investments.
The legal distinction matters because an agent owes obligations to the principal and must act within the authority conferred by that principal.
FPII reference/topic: Financial Planning Practice - agency law; principal-agent relationships; authority; dealings with third parties.
NEW QUESTION # 44
Maxwell is filing a rights or things tax return for his deceased mother. She had the following sources of income:
Debenture interest coupons.
Unpaid dividends declared before her death.
Old age security that was due before her death.
Income from a registered retirement savings plan (RRSP).
Which form of income will Maxwell have to exclude from the rights or things tax return?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Income associated with the deceased person's RRSP must be excluded from the optional Return for Rights or Things.
The rights-or-things return under subsection 70(2) of the Income Tax Act allows certain income amounts that had been earned or became receivable before death, but had not actually been received, to be reported separately from the deceased person's terminal return. CRA examples include matured bond coupons, accrued bond interest, qualifying pension amounts, and dividends declared before death but unpaid at death.
CRA's longstanding treatment specifically states that an annuitant is not considered to have a "right or thing" in respect of an RRSP. Instead, the tax treatment of the RRSP on death is governed by the separate RRSP death provisions, which generally bring the fair market value into income subject to applicable rollover and refund-of-premiums rules.
The unpaid dividend declared before death is a classic example of a right or thing. Accrued debenture or bond amounts can likewise qualify, as can eligible OAS amounts payable in respect of the period before death.
Therefore, the RRSP amount is the required exclusion.
FPII reference/topic: Estate Planning - taxation at death; rights or things return; RRSP taxation on death; optional tax returns.
NEW QUESTION # 45
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