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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Continuous Improvement | 19% | - Upgrading tools and frameworks - Adapting to new technologies and requirements - Refactoring and optimizing automation - Streamlining and maintaining test assets |
| Topic 2: Reporting and Metrics | 12% | - Reporting to stakeholders - Visualization and dashboards - Defining relevant automation metrics - Collecting and analyzing data |
| Topic 3: Implementation and Deployment Strategies | 12% | - Test execution strategies and environment management - Integration with CI/CD pipelines - Test data management approaches - Configuration management and version control |
| Topic 4: Preparing for Test Automation | 14% | - Cost, effort and ROI analysis - Evaluating and selecting test tools - Assessing system testability and architecture - Identifying automation opportunities and constraints |
| Topic 5: Introduction and Objectives for Test Automation | 5% | - Roles and responsibilities of a Test Automation Engineer - Test automation in software development lifecycle models - Purpose, benefits and limitations of test automation |
| Topic 6: Test Automation Architecture | 15% | - Layered frameworks and separation of concerns - Design principles and patterns for automation - Generic Test Automation Architecture (gTAA) - Interoperability and integration concepts |
| Topic 7: Verifying the Test Automation Solution | 12% | - Assessing quality and reliability of automation - Verifying automation code and infrastructure - Validating test suite correctness |
| Topic 8: Implementing Test Automation | 11% | - Planning and running pilot projects - Developing and maintaining automation components - Handling synchronization, stability and reliability - Managing technical debt |
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質問 # 63
You work for a company that produces a credit-checking software package. This product comes in three variants, each of which is tailored to meet the rules and attitudes of lending and borrowing money for a particular group of countries. Each variant has two different versions at any one time: the current live release and the next release, which is under development. Each variant has its own test environment; these environments are built on different platforms to reflect the diversity of real customer platforms.
A single TAS meets the automation needs of all three variants, with configurable features that allow for the platform differences. The SUT's test requirements are expanding rapidly and the TAS often needs enhancement to support this. The SUT's platforms are also changeable, due to updates from their vendors or a desire to sample different ones.
After any change, the TAS is re-installed from a central repository with automated scripts that implement the configuration parameters for the target environment. Following this, it has often been impossible to run tests properly or even at all and the installation has had to be repeated after the cause has been found. Which of the following actions is MOST likely to solve this issue?
正解：C
解説：
The key problem occurs after the TAS has been installed into changing target environments. The syllabus specifically recommends administering checks and preconditions after installation and before using the SUT to ensure connectivity with internal systems, external systems, and interfaces. Examples include verifying that automation tools can access the SUT, checking configuration settings, validating permissions, and confirming required interfaces. These checks establish that the TAS has actually been installed and configured correctly in the particular environment. The scenario already uses automated installation from a central repository, so option B adds little. Configuration management and documentation are valuable for reproducibility, but they do not directly detect environment-specific connectivity or interoperability failures immediately after deployment. Testing components before installation likewise cannot fully validate their behavior in the actual target platform. Therefore, post-installation connectivity checks are the most direct solution.
(https://www.istqb.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ISTQB_CTAL-TAE_Syllabus_v2.0.pdf)
質問 # 64
Which of the following statements about a test progress report produced for an automated test suite is TRUE?
正解：A
解説：
TAE reporting guidance emphasizes that stakeholders must be able to interpret results in context. A fundamental contextual attribute is the test environment: where the SUT was deployed, what configuration was used, and (by implication) what data and integrations were in play. Without environment identification, results can be misleading, non-reproducible, or not comparable across runs (e.g., failures caused by environment instability vs. product defects). Therefore, including the environment in the progress report is a core requirement. Option B is incorrect because TAE explicitly promotes tailoring reports to stakeholder needs; different audiences require different levels of detail, summaries, and views. Option A is generally too granular for a progress report: step-level timestamps belong more to detailed execution logs and troubleshooting artifacts, not to a progress report intended to communicate status efficiently. Option D may be included in some reports, but it is not as universally required as the environment identifier; and in TAE,
"progress report" tends to focus on overall status (what ran, what passed/failed, trends, coverage, environment) rather than per-test timing metadata. Thus, the reliably true statement is that the report should indicate the test environment.
質問 # 65
You have been recruited as a TAE by a large travel agency and are now responsible for a mature TAS that is dedicated to functional testing of the company's booking system, which covers flights, hotels, and packaged holidays. This application contains a complex UI and a lot of functionality. It is undergoing constant maintenance and enhancement by an Agile team that adds tests to the regression test suite at the end of every iteration.
The TAS supports structured scripting and this has been implemented to a high standard, with a well-managed script library and minimal code duplication. The TAA will not support any more advanced scripting techniques. The test automation that has been achieved so far was well received at first but is now the target of increasing criticism. It is perceived as being old-fashioned, poorly documented and, in particular:
1. The test script maintenance overhead is becoming excessive because the test analysts frequently want data values to be changed.
2. Test analysts are complaining that a new test which is similar to an existing one, except for data values, requires a new high-level script, and that they must ask a technical test analyst to do this for them.
3. The nightly full regression run is taking a long time and there is a risk that, as more tests are added, it will soon take too long to run in the available window.
4. Some tests break frequently because of slow response from the SUT.
5. Some transactions are difficult to verify because they rely on variables that cannot be seen through the UI of the SUT.
6. The UI of the TAF is difficult to learn.
The SUT architect is planning a major new release and they have offered to include features that will enhance its testability. You already have plans to deal with items 1, 2 and 3 on the list, so now you are considering how you might mitigate items 4, 5 and 6.
Which TWO improvements will BEST address items 4, 5 and 6?
a) Add an event mechanism to the SUT which the TAF can subscribe to
b) Adopt a set of standard setup and teardown methods
c) Add an API to the SUT that will make the internal variables observable d) Update and improve the documentation of the TAA e) Implement hard-coded waits in scripts that have been affected by slow SUT response
正解：C
解説：
An event mechanism directly addresses failures caused by variable SUT response times. The syllabus identifies subscribing to SUT events as a more reliable synchronization mechanism than hard-coded waiting or repeated polling, provided suitable timeout protection exists. This makes option a appropriate for item 4.
Item 5 is fundamentally an observability problem: the automation cannot verify internal variables through the existing UI. ISTQB explains that improving SUT testability can require architectural changes, including exposing APIs that the TAS can use. An API that makes the required internal state observable enables reliable automated verification without depending on otherwise invisible UI information. Hard-coded waits are specifically vulnerable to unpredictable response times. Setup/teardown does not solve observability, and TAA documentation alone does not expose the inaccessible SUT state. Therefore, a and c provide the strongest technical improvements.
(https://www.istqb.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ISTQB_CTAL-TAE_Syllabus_v2.0.pdf)
質問 # 66
Automated tests at the UI level for a web app adopt an asynchronous waiting mechanism that allows them to synchronize test steps with the app, so that they are executed correctly and at the right time, only when the app is ready and has processed the previous step: this is done when there are no timeouts or pending asynchronous requests. In this way, the tests automatically synchronize with the app's web pages. The same initialization tasks to set test preconditions are implemented as test steps for all tests. Regarding the pre- processing (Setup) features defined at the test suite level, the TAS provides both a Suite Setup (which runs exactly once when the suite starts) and a Test Setup (which runs at the start of each test case in the suite).
Which of the following recommendations would you provide for improving the TAS (assuming it is possible to perform all of them)?
正解：C
解説：
TAE strongly discourages replacing robust, app-aware synchronization with manual waits. Automatic synchronization based on application readiness signals (e.g., no pending async requests) reduces flakiness and unnecessary delays. Hard-coded waits (A) are brittle and slow; polling waits (C) can be better than fixed sleeps but are still generally inferior to event/readiness-based synchronization already in place. The improvement opportunity described is that the same initialization steps are repeated in every test as explicit test steps, which increases test script length, duplication, and maintenance effort. TAE recommends centralizing common setup logic using framework setup/teardown mechanisms to enforce consistency and reduce duplication. Since the initialization tasks are needed to set preconditions for each test (so each test starts from a known state and remains independent), they belong in the Test Setup, which runs before each test case. Putting them in Suite Setup (D) would run them only once, risking that later tests inherit polluted state, making tests interdependent and more brittle. Therefore, moving shared per-test initialization tasks into the Test Setup is the best recommendation.
質問 # 67
You are a TAE responsible for a TAS that is used on several products, all of which have simple UIs and utilize a range of APIs. Automation of the regression test suites for these products is generally going well, with repeatability and pass rates both at high levels. These regression suites include a large quantity of tests and the volume of code that has been written for them is substantial.
You are looking for ways to improve the test cases in this TAS. What approach would you use FIRST?
正解：B
解説：
Schema validation is the most appropriate first improvement because the scenario emphasizes extensive API usage and a substantial volume of automation code, while reliability and repeatability are already high. CTAL- TAE explains that schema validation can validate API response properties, mandatory elements, object types, formats, and other rules against a defined schema. Instead of writing numerous individual assertions for every response field, one schema validation operation can perform many checks, significantly shortening test automation code and improving defect-detection efficiency. Test histograms are particularly useful for identifying fragile or unstable tests, which is not the main problem because repeatability is already high. AI- based self-healing is especially relevant to UI locator changes, while reliability growth models do not directly address excessive API test implementation code.
(https://www.istqb.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ISTQB_CTAL-TAE_Syllabus_v2.0.pdf)
質問 # 68
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