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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Operational Monitoring and Maintenance | 15% | - System maintenance
|
| Topic 2: Routing Policy and Firewall Filters | 10% | - Routing policy
|
| Topic 3: Configuration Basics | 15% | - Basic system configuration
|
| Topic 4: Networking Fundamentals | 15% | - Ethernet and switching fundamentals
|
| Topic 5: Junos OS Fundamentals | 20% | - Software versions and upgrades
|
| Topic 6: User Interfaces | 15% | - Other management interfaces
|
| Topic 7: Routing Fundamentals | 10% | - Static and dynamic routing
|
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NEW QUESTION # 11
You are creating a new user account using a predefined login class on a Junos device. The account should be able to run operational mode commands such as show interfaces and ping, but should not be allowed to change or commit configuration. Which login class should you assign to this user?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Junos OS utilizes a Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) model through the use of login classes, which define the specific permissions and restrictions for different user levels. To simplify administration, Juniper provides several predefined classes that cater to common organizational roles. The requirement here is for an account that can perform basic network diagnostics (operational mode) but lacks the authority to modify the system state (configuration mode).
The operator class is specifically engineered for this purpose. It grants permissions such as clear, network, reset, trace, and view. These permissions allow the user to execute monitoring commands like show, use diagnostic tools like ping and traceroute, and clear statistics. Crucially, the operator class does not include the configure or commit permissions, preventing the user from entering configuration mode or making any permanent changes to the device.
Comparing this to other options: the read-only class is more restrictive, generally allowing only the viewing of configuration and some state data, but often restricting active diagnostic tools like ping. The super-user class provides unrestricted access, while maintenance is not a standard predefined class for general operational roles. Assigning the operator class ensures that junior staff or automated monitoring systems have the visibility they need to troubleshoot connectivity without risking the integrity of the device configuration.
Reference: User Interfaces, Login Classes, and User Permissions.
NEW QUESTION # 12
Exhibit:
Referring to the exhibit, with firewall filter Packet-Filter attached to an interface, if traffic is sent from
192.168.1.1 to 8.8.8.8 for a UDP DNS query, what will happen to the traffic?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Junos OS firewall filters operate on a first-match basis, evaluating terms sequentially from top to bottom. In this scenario, a UDP DNS packet (destination port 53) is sent from 192.168.1.1 to 8.8.8.8. Evaluation begins with term 1 , which matches the correct source and destination IP addresses but specifies protocol tcp .
Because the actual traffic uses UDP, term 1 is not a match. Evaluation then moves to term 2 . While term 2 correctly identifies protocol udp and port domain (port 53), it requires the source-address to reside within the 192.168.2.0/24 subnet. Since the source is 192.168.1.1 , term 2 also fails to match.
When a packet fails to match any explicitly defined terms in a Junos firewall filter, it is subject to the implicit deny action. This default " last term " is a hardcoded safety mechanism that automatically discards all traffic that has not been explicitly permitted. Consequently, because neither term provides a match for the specific combination of source IP, protocol, and destination port, the DNS query is silently dropped by the Packet Forwarding Engine. This behavior ensures that Junos devices maintain a " deny-by-default " security posture, requiring administrators to define precise permit statements for all required transit or management traffic.
Reference: Routing Policy and Firewall Filters, Firewall Filter Evaluation, Implicit Discard.
NEW QUESTION # 13
How many usable hosts are in a /24 subnet mask?
Answer: D
Explanation:
A /24 subnet provides 256 total IP addresses, and after excluding the network and broadcast addresses, 254 usable host addresses remain.
NEW QUESTION # 14
Which statement is correct when Router R1 receives a packet from User A destined for User B as shown in the exhibit?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From: In a routed environment like the one shown in the exhibit, traffic forwarding involves a constant interaction between Layer 3 (Network) and Layer
2 (Data Link) addressing. When User A generates a packet destined for User B, the source and destination IP addresses remain static throughout the entire journey across the network (assuming no Network Address Translation is performed). However, the Layer 2 Ethernet headers must be rewritten at every hop because MAC addresses have only local significance on a physical segment.
As Router R1 receives the packet from User A, it performs a lookup in its Forwarding Information Base (FIB) and identifies that the path to User B requires forwarding the packet to Router R2. R1 decapsulates the incoming frame, stripping away the original Ethernet header that contained User A ' s source MAC and R1 ' s own destination MAC. To forward the packet to the next hop, R1 creates a new Ethernet header. The source MAC address becomes the MAC address of R1's egress interface, and the destination MAC address is replaced with the MAC address of Router R2 . R1 cannot use User B ' s MAC address at this point because User B is not on a directly connected segment. This hop-by-hop MAC address replacement is essential for the Packet Forwarding Engine to successfully deliver the frame to the next Layer 3 device in the path. Reference:
Networking Fundamentals, Packet Forwarding, Layer 2 and Layer 3 Addressing.
NEW QUESTION # 15
Which statement accurately describes the Junos OS CLI?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The statement describing commit confirmed 5 is correct. In Junos OS, configuration changes are first made to a candidate configuration . They do not become the active operational configuration merely because they have been entered in configuration mode. A commit operation is required to validate and activate those changes.
The commit confirmed mechanism provides an important administrative safety feature. When the administrator enters:
commit confirmed 5
Junos OS activates the candidate configuration but requires confirmation within 5 minutes . If the configuration is not confirmed before the timer expires, Junos OS automatically rolls back to the previously committed configuration. Juniper explicitly documents that the optional number following commit confirmed specifies the confirmation period in minutes.
Option A is incorrect because operational mode is primarily used for monitoring, troubleshooting, maintenance, and operational commands rather than making persistent configuration changes. Option B is incorrect because configuration-mode edits remain candidate changes until committed. Option D is also incorrect: rollback 0 does not restore factory defaults . It loads the most recently committed configuration and effectively removes pending uncommitted modifications.
Study Guide Reference Topics: Configuration Basics - candidate versus active configuration, commit operations, confirmed commits, configuration rollback, and Junos CLI modes.
NEW QUESTION # 16
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