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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: State Regulations (New York) | - Ethics and compliance
|
| Topic 2: Insurance Fundamentals | - Insurance contract law basics
|
| Topic 3: Accident and Health Insurance | - Policy features and provisions
|
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82. Frage
A single contract for group medical insurance issued to an employer is known as
Antwort: A
Begründung:
In group medical insurance, the insurer issues one main contract to the sponsoring entity-commonly an employer-covering the eligible group of employees. This single contract is called the master policy . The employer (or group sponsor) is the policyholder of the master contract, and it contains the controlling provisions: eligibility rules, benefits, limitations, exclusions, premium requirements, renewal provisions, and administrative terms.
Employees covered under the plan do not usually receive their own individual policies. Instead, each insured employee receives a certificate of insurance (sometimes called a certificate), which summarizes the essential coverage provisions and the benefits available to that employee under the master policy. The certificate is evidence of coverage, but it is not the controlling contract; the master policy governs.
Option A ("group policy") is a generic phrase and can refer broadly to group insurance, but the specific term for the single contract issued to the employer is master policy . Option C is not a standard insurance term, and option D is incorrect because a "certificate" is issued to employees, not as the primary contract.
83. Frage
Under Workers ' Compensation, injured employees are covered for all of the following losses EXCEPT
Antwort: C
Begründung:
Workers' Compensation is a form of insurance that provides benefits to employees who suffer work-related injuries or occupational illnesses . It is designed as a no-fault system , meaning employees receive benefits regardless of who caused the accident, while employers are generally protected from lawsuits related to workplace injuries. Workers' Compensation typically provides several types of benefits, including payment of necessary medical expenses , replacement of a portion of lost wages , and coverage for occupational illnesses or diseases that arise from employment conditions. In cases of severe injury or death, additional disability or survivor benefits may also be provided.
However, Workers' Compensation does not provide benefits for pain and suffering . Compensation for emotional distress or general suffering is usually associated with civil liability lawsuits, not with Workers' Compensation benefits. The system focuses primarily on economic losses -such as medical costs and lost income-rather than non-economic damages. Because of this trade-off, employees receive quicker access to benefits without needing to prove employer negligence, but they also give up the right to sue the employer for additional damages like pain and suffering.
84. Frage
Which of the following is described when a selected group of practitioners, in a certain area, agrees to provide services at a pre-arranged cost on a fee-for-service basis?
Antwort: D
Begründung:
The correct answer is A. preferred provider organization. A Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) is a health care arrangement in which an insurer or plan contracts with a selected network of doctors, hospitals, and other providers in a geographic area to deliver medical services at negotiated or reduced charges . Federal and New York sources describe PPOs as networks of participating providers that agree to furnish care at discounted rates, while patients generally retain the flexibility to use non-network providers at a higher cost. That matches the question's description of a selected group of practitioners agreeing to provide services at a pre- arranged cost on a fee-for-service basis . ( HealthCare.gov ) The other options do not fit this definition. An indemnity organization traditionally reimburses covered losses and does not depend on a contracted provider network with prearranged fees. A risk purchasing group is associated with liability insurance purchasing arrangements, not standard health provider networks. Coalition group is not the recognized term for this managed care structure. Therefore, the correct description is a preferred provider organization . ( Department of Financial Services )
85. Frage
Stranger originated life insurance violates which of the following statutory requirements?
Antwort: C
Begründung:
Stranger-originated life insurance (STOLI) arrangements violate the fundamental legal requirement of insurable interest . In life insurance, the policyowner must have a legitimate interest in the continued life of the insured at the time the policy is issued. This usually exists when there is a close family relationship or a lawful economic interest, such as a business relationship where the death of the insured would cause financial loss. STOLI attempts to evade this rule by having a third party with no true insurable interest initiate or finance a policy for the purpose of benefiting from the insured's death.
That is why C. Insurable interest is the correct answer. The problem with STOLI is not trust ownership itself, since trusts may be used legally in life insurance planning when properly established. It is also not primarily about rescission rights or commission sharing. The key statutory violation is that the policy is effectively procured by or for someone who lacks a lawful interest in the insured's continued life. New York licensing materials treat this as contrary to public policy and inconsistent with lawful life insurance underwriting standards.
86. Frage
The Group Life Underwriting risk selection process helps protect insurers from
Antwort: D
Begründung:
The correct answer is adverse selection . In group life insurance, underwriting is generally based on the characteristics of the group as a whole rather than on extensive medical underwriting of each individual member. Because of this simplified underwriting approach, insurers must rely on certain group underwriting standards to protect themselves against the possibility that only those individuals who expect to need coverage most urgently will enroll. This danger is known as adverse selection .
Adverse selection occurs when people with a higher-than-average likelihood of loss are more motivated to obtain insurance than lower-risk individuals. In group life insurance, underwriting controls such as minimum participation requirements, employer contributions, eligibility rules, and actively-at-work provisions help ensure that the risk is spread across a broad base of insured persons rather than concentrated among poor risks. These requirements preserve the stability of the insurance pool and support fair premium pricing.
The other answer choices are incorrect because "risk selection" and "risk underwriting" are not the specific underwriting problem being tested, and "medical underwriting" is a process, not the danger the insurer is trying to avoid. Therefore, the correct answer is C. adverse selection .
87. Frage
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