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NEW QUESTION # 62
Sandra Oliver joined SinClare Soft Pvt. Ltd. as a DevSecOps engineer in January of 2010. Her organization develops software and web applications related to the healthcare industry. Using IAST runtime security testing technology, she is detecting and diagnosing security issues in applications and APIs. The IAST solution used by Sandra encompasses a web scanner with an agent that works inside the server that hosts the application to provide additional analysis details such as the location of the vulnerability in the application code. Based on the given information, which of the following IAST solutions is Sandra using?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Interactive Application Security Testing (IAST) solutions are classified based on how they interact with the application and runtime environment. In this scenario, the solution uses a web scanner to actively send requests to the application while also deploying an agent inside the application server to observe runtime behavior and map vulnerabilities directly to source code locations. This combined approach is known as semi-active IAST. It is considered "semi-active" because it actively drives traffic through the application using a scanner, while the agent passively observes execution paths, data flows, and method calls. Passive IAST solutions rely only on observing existing traffic and do not use scanners, while active IAST solutions do not typically rely on deep runtime agents in the same manner. Semi-active IAST significantly reduces false positives and provides precise remediation details, making it highly effective during the Build and Test stage, where applications are actively exercised and security issues can be identified and fixed before release.
NEW QUESTION # 63
(Kevin Ryan has been working as a DevSecOps engineer in an MNC company that develops various software products and web applications. For easy management of secret credentials in CI/CD pipeline, he would like to integrate Azure Key Vault with Jenkins. Therefore, he created an Azure Key Vault, noted down the credentials displayed on the screen, and created a secret in Azure Key Vault. Then, he used the secret key from the credentials obtained from creating the vault. Kevin went back to Jenkins and installed Azure Key Vault plugin. Then, he navigated to Configure System under Manage Jenkins and added the URL for Azure Key Vault. How can Kevin complete the integration of Azure Key Vault with Jenkins?.)
Answer: C
Explanation:
To complete Azure Key Vault integration with Jenkins, Kevin must createnew credentialsin Jenkins under Global Credentials (unrestricted). These credentials store the Azure client ID, client secret, tenant ID, and subscription details required by the Azure Key Vault plugin to authenticate securely. Modifying old credentials can lead to misconfiguration or credential reuse risks, while restricted credentials may prevent the plugin from accessing secrets across pipelines. Creating new unrestricted credentials ensures proper authentication and controlled access to secrets during the Code stage, supporting secure secret management across CI/CD workflows.
NEW QUESTION # 64
Alex, a DevSecOps engineer, is conducting a security review of a newly developed web application. To ensure compliance with industry standards, he wants to prioritize fixing vulnerabilities that attackers most commonly exploit. He also needs guidance on how to secure the application against threats like SQL injection, broken authentication, and sensitive data exposure. Which security standard should Alex refer to?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The OWASP Top 10 is the standard awareness document listing the most critical and most commonly exploited web application security risks, including SQL injection, broken authentication, and sensitive data exposure. It gives Alex both the prioritization of what attackers exploit most and guidance on how to secure the application against those threats. CVE is only a dictionary of vulnerability identifiers, CERT is a coordination/research center, and IEC 62443 targets industrial automation and control systems, not web applications.
NEW QUESTION # 65
(Rachel McAdams applied for the position of DevSecOps engineer at TetraSoft Pvt. Ltd. She gave her interview on February 23, 2022, and was selected as a DevSecOps engineer. Her team is working on securing Ruby on Rails application. Rachel's team leader asked her to integrate Brakeman SAST tool with Jenkins. To perform the integration, she navigated to Jenkins Plugin Manager and installed Warnings Next Generation Plugin. To run the tool in Jenkins, she invoked Brakeman as part of an Execute shell build step. In the Execute shell column, she wrote the following commands with brakeman options bash -l -c ' rvm install 3.0.0 && \ rvm use 3.0.0@brakeman -create && \ gem install brakeman && \ brakeman -no-progress -no-pager -no-exit-on-warn -o brakeman-output.json What is the function of the -no-exit-on-warn option in the above-mentioned command?)
Answer: D
Explanation:
By default, Brakeman returns a non-zero exit code when security warnings are detected, which can cause Jenkins builds to fail. The --no-exit-on-warn option modifies this behavior by instructing Brakeman toreturn an exit code of 0 even if warnings are found. This allows the CI pipeline to continue executing while still generating a security report that highlights vulnerabilities. This option is particularly useful when teams are initially integrating SAST tools and want visibility into security issues without immediately blocking builds.
During the Build and Test stage, this approach supports gradual adoption of security enforcement, allowing teams to prioritize remediation efforts while maintaining delivery velocity. Over time, organizations can tighten policies by removing this option to enforce stricter build-breaking behavior once security baselines improve.
NEW QUESTION # 66
Peter Dinklage has been working as a senior DevSecOps engineer at SacramentSoft Solution Pvt. Ltd. He has deployed applications in docker containers. His team leader asked him to check the exposure of unnecessary ports. Which of the following commands should Peter use to check all the containers and the exposed ports?
Answer: B
Explanation:
To inspect exposed ports for running Docker containers, the recommended approach is to first retrieve container IDs using docker ps --quiet and then pass them to docker inspect. The --format option allows selective output of container configuration details, including port mappings. The command docker ps --quiet | xargs docker inspect --format ': Ports=' correctly extracts port information for each container. Options that include the --all flag or incorrect formatting are not valid for this inspection use case. Checking exposed ports is an important activity in the Operate and Monitor stage because unnecessary open ports increase the attack surface and may violate container security best practices. Regular inspection helps ensure that only required ports are exposed, supporting secure runtime operations.
NEW QUESTION # 67
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