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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Budgeting and Decision Making | 10–15% | - Master budget and components
|
| Topic 2: Profit Planning | 10–15% | - Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis
|
| Topic 3: Financial Analysis | 45–50% | - Financial statement analysis techniques
|
| Topic 4: Cost Systems | 20–25% | - Costing methods
|
| Topic 5: Controls and Regulations | 10–15% | - Internal control systems and principles
|
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問題 #36
During the year, a company purchased goods on a credit basis for its supplies of $750.
What would be the impact on the accounting equation and financial statement?
答案：C
解題說明：
The correct answer is C. Increase in assets by $750 and increase in liability by $750 . When a company purchases supplies on credit, it receives an asset now and promises to pay later. The supplies increase the company's assets , and the amount owed to the seller increases liabilities , usually as accounts payable. This keeps the accounting equation balanced:
Assets = Liabilities + Equity
Here, assets rise by $750 and liabilities also rise by $750 , while equity is unchanged at the time of purchase.
OpenStax explains that buying items on account increases the related asset and increases accounts payable.
Option A is incorrect because liabilities do not decrease. Option B is incorrect because assets do not decrease when the company receives supplies. Option D is incorrect because neither side decreases at the moment of purchase. The expense is not recognized immediately unless the supplies are consumed; initially, the company records the asset and the obligation. This is a common transaction used to show how dual effects maintain balance in the accounting equation. Therefore, the correct impact is an increase in assets and an equal increase in liabilities , which is Option C .
問題 #37
A manufacturer produces three products A, B, and C.
The company uses the following information to determine activity rates for each pool.
Cost Pool
Costs
Total Activity
Pool 1
$300,000
20,000 hours
Pool 2
$20,000
500 pounds
Pool 3
$10,000
100 moves
Data concerning the three products appear in the following table.
Cost Driver
Product A
Product B
Product C
Number of hours
10,000
7,500
2,500
Number of pounds
150
250
100
Number of moves
20
40
50
What is the total amount of overhead applied to Product B?
答案：A
解題說明：
The correct answer is B. $126,500 . Under activity-based costing (ABC) , each cost pool gets its own activity rate, and then overhead is applied to the product based on that product's actual use of each activity. OpenStax and ACCA both describe ABC as assigning overhead through multiple activity pools and cost drivers rather than one broad rate.
First compute the rate for each pool:
Pool 1 rate = $300,000 / 20,000 hours = $15 per hour
Pool 2 rate = $20,000 / 500 pounds = $40 per pound
Pool 3 rate = $10,000 / 100 moves = $100 per move
Now apply those rates to Product B :
Hours: 7,500 × $15 = $112,500
Pounds: 250 × $40 = $10,000
Moves: 40 × $100 = $4,000
Total overhead for Product B = $112,500 + $10,000 + $4,000 = $126,500
Option C, $158,000 , is actually the overhead for Product A, which is a classic trap in this question. Because ABC assigns overhead based on each product's own activity consumption, Product B's correct total overhead is $126,500 .
問題 #38
Which technique describes the practice of incurring debt but fully paying the debt over time?
答案：A
解題說明：
The best answer is B. Liability deferral . Among the choices provided, this is the only option that relates to a liability-based arrangement in which an obligation is incurred and then settled over time. In accounting, debt that is taken on and repaid through scheduled installments is generally treated as a liability until it is extinguished through repayment. Repaying principal over time is commonly described in finance as amortization of debt principal , meaning the borrower fully pays the debt in installments over a period of time.
The other options do not fit this meaning. Income smoothing refers to managing the pattern of reported earnings to reduce fluctuations between periods, not simply borrowing and repaying debt. "Profit control" and
"accounting management" are not standard terms for the repayment of debt over time in basic accounting frameworks. Because the question asks for the option that best matches the idea of incurring debt and then paying it off over time, Liability deferral is the most appropriate answer from the choices given, even though
"debt amortization" would be the more standard term in practice.
問題 #39
A company presently uses traditional volume-based costing to allocate overhead to its products.
The following table provides information on two of the company's products:
Product A
Product B
Selling price
$8
$12
Direct material
$2
$3
Direct labor
$1
$2
Applied overhead
$3
$4
Gross margin
$2
$3
Overhead that would be applied to Product A would increase to $8 per unit after identifying cost pools and cost drivers, and the overhead applied to Product B would drop to $2 per unit .
How would this change in the way overhead is allocated affect the selling price of both products?
答案：C
解題說明：
The correct answer is C . Under activity-based costing (ABC) , overhead is reassigned based on the activities that actually drive cost consumption. ABC often reveals that one product was previously undercosted while another was overcosted under traditional volume-based allocation. OpenStax explains that ABC can shift overhead between products and provide more accurate product-cost information for pricing and decision- making.
For Product A , the new overhead rises from $3 to $8 , increasing total unit cost from $6 ($2 + $1 + $3) to
$11 ($2 + $1 + $8). Since the current selling price is only $8 , Product A is now shown as underpriced, so its selling price would likely need to increase . For Product B , overhead falls from $4 to $2 , reducing total unit cost from $9 to $7 . With a current selling price of $12 , Product B appears more profitable than previously believed, so management could choose to decrease its price if needed for competitive reasons. Therefore, the most logical result is Product A price up, Product B price down , which is Option C .
問題 #40
Which body regulates a certified public accounting firm's audit practices when the firm is auditing a large, publicly traded company?
答案：A
解題說明：
The correct answer is D. The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) . The PCAOB was created to oversee the audits of public companies and SEC-registered brokers and dealers in order to protect investors and support the public interest in accurate, independent audit reports. Its responsibilities include registration of audit firms, inspections, enforcement, and audit-related standard-setting. Because the question refers to a CPA firm auditing a large, publicly traded company , PCAOB oversight is the correct regulatory answer.
Option A is incorrect because FASB sets accounting standards, not audit practice regulation for public company auditors. Option B, FASAC , is an advisory council to FASB and does not regulate audit firms.
Option C, the IRS , administers tax laws and does not oversee external audit practices for public companies.
In accounting and auditing, it is essential to distinguish between those who set accounting rules and those who supervise auditors. For publicly traded companies, that audit oversight role belongs to the PCAOB , making Option D the only accurate choice.
問題 #41
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Accounting-for-Decision-Makers考試心得: https://www.vcesoft.com/Accounting-for-Decision-Makers-pdf.html