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CWNP CWNA-109 Exam Syllabus Topics:

TopicDetails
Topic 1
  • RF Validation and WLAN remediation: This topic covers RF interference, WLAN performance, the basic features of validation tools, and common wireless issues.
Topic 2
  • Radio Frequency (RF) Technologies: This topic explains the basic features and behavior of RF. It also discusses applying the basic concepts of RF mathematics and measurement. Lastly, the topic covers RF signal characteristics and the functionality of RF antennas.
Topic 3
  • WLAN Protocols and Devices: It focuses on terminology related to the 802.11 MAC and PHY, the purpose of the three main 802.11 frame types, MAC frame format, and 802.11 channel access methods.
Topic 4
  • WLAN Regulations and Standards: The topic discusses the roles of WLAN and networking industry organizations. It also addresses the concepts of various Physical Layer (PHY) solutions, spread spectrum technologies, and 802.11 WLAN functional concepts.
Topic 5
  • WLAN Network Security: It addresses the concepts of weak security options, security mechanisms for enterprise WLANs, and security options and tools used in wireless networks.

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CWNP Wireless Network Administrator (CWNA) Sample Questions (Q61-Q66):

NEW QUESTION # 61
ABC Company is planning to install a new 802.11ac WLAN, but wants to upgrade its wired infrastructure first to provide the best user experience possible. ABC Company has hired you to perform the RF site survey. During the interview with the network manager, you are told that the new Ethernet edge switches will support VoIP phones and 802.11 access points, both using
802.3 PoE.
After hearing this information, what immediate concerns do you note?

Answer: C

Explanation:
An immediate concern that you note after hearing this information is that the power budget in the edge switches must be carefully planned and monitored based on the number of supported PoE devices. PoE stands for Power over Ethernet and is a technology that allows Ethernet switches to deliver power along with data to devices such as VoIP phones and 802.11 access points. PoE devices are classified into different classes based on their power consumption and output. The edge switches have a limited power budget that determines how many PoE devices they can support simultaneously. If the power budget is exceeded, some PoE devices may not receive enough power or may shut down unexpectedly. Therefore, it is important to plan and monitor the power budget in the edge switches based on the number and class of PoE devices connected to them. Using Ether- channel, placing switches in optimal locations, or avoiding distortion are not immediate concerns related to PoE devices.


NEW QUESTION # 62
What statement is true concerning the use of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation method in IEEE 802.11 WLANs?

Answer: B

Explanation:
OFDM is a modulation method that divides the channel bandwidth into multiple subcarriers, each carrying a single data symbol. This allows for higher data rates and more robust transmissions in multipath environments. OFDM was first introduced in the 802.11a standard, which operates in the 5 GHz band and supports data rates up to 54 Mbps. Later, the 802.11g standard adopted OFDM for the 2.4 GHz band, and the 802.11n and 802.11ac standards enhanced OFDM with features such as MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), channel bonding, and higher-order modulation schemes to achieve data rates up to 600 Mbps and 6.9 Gbps, respectively. These standards are collectively known as the ERP (Extended Rate PHY), HT (High Throughput), and VHT (Very High Throughput) PHYs.


NEW QUESTION # 63
You are implementing a multi-AP WLAN and fast secure roaming is essential. Which one of the following methods is an IEEE 802.11 standard method for fast roaming?

Answer: B

Explanation:
FT (Fast Transition) is an IEEE 802.11 standard method for fast roaming. FT is defined in the IEEE 802.11r amendment and is also known as Fast BSS Transition (FBT) or Fast Secure Roaming. FT is a feature that allows a client station to quickly switch from one AP to another within the same ESS (Extended Service Set) without having to re-authenticate and re-associate with each AP. This reduces the latency and packet loss that may occur during roaming, thus improving the user experience and maintaining the security of the connection. FT works by using pre-authentication and key caching mechanisms that allow the client station and the APs to exchange security information before the actual roaming occurs. This way, when the client station decides to roam to a new AP, it can use a fast reassociation request and response that contain only a few fields, instead of a full authentication and association exchange that require more time and data.


NEW QUESTION # 64
You are installing an AP to be used by 27 laptops. All laptops will connect on the 5 GHz frequency band. A neighbor network uses channels 1 and 6. What channel should be used for this AP and why?

Answer: A

Explanation:
A 5 GHz channel should be used for this AP because channels 1 and 6 are 2.4 GHz channels and they have no impact on the decision. The 5 GHz frequency band offers more non- overlapping channels than the 2.4 GHz frequency band, which reduces interference and improves performance. The 5 GHz frequency band also supports higher data rates and wider channel bandwidths than the 2.4 GHz frequency band, which increases capacity and throughput.
The 5 GHz frequency band also has less interference from other devices and sources than the
2.4 GHz frequency band, which enhances reliability and quality of service. Therefore, it is recommended to use the 5 GHz frequency band for WLANs whenever possible. Channels 1 and
6 are two of the three non-overlapping channels in the 2.4 GHz frequency band (the other one is channel 11). They are used by a neighbor network in this scenario, but they do not affect the channel selection for this AP because they operate in a different frequency band than the 5 GHz frequency band. Channel 6 is not always best to use; it depends on the interference and congestion level in the environment. Channel 1 is not best to use because it has a lower frequency than channel 6; frequency does not determine channel quality or performance.
Channel 11 is not best to use because it is also a 2.4 GHz channel and it may interfere with channels 1 and 6.


NEW QUESTION # 65
A client complains of low data rates on his computer. When you evaluate the situation, you see that the signal strength is -84 dBm and the noise floor is -96 dBm. The client is an 802.11ac client and connects to an 802.11ac AP. Both the client and AP are 2x2:2 devices. What is the likely cause of the low data rate issue?

Answer: D

Explanation:
Weak signal strength is the likely cause of the low data rate issue for the client that has a signal strength of -84 dBm and a noise floor of -96 dBm. The client is an 802.11ac client and connects to an 802.11ac AP. Both the client and AP are 2x2:2 devices. Signal strength is the measure of how strong the RF signal is at the receiver. Signal strength can affect the reliability and performance of the wireless connection, as well as the data rate and throughput of the traffic. The higher the signal strength, the better the signal quality and the higher the data rate. The lower the signal strength, the worse the signal quality and the lower the data rate.
The data rate of an 802.11ac connection depends on several factors, such as channel bandwidth, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), spatial streams, guard interval, and beamforming.
However, these factors are also influenced by the signal strength, as they require a certain signal- to-noise ratio (SNR) to operate properly. SNR is the ratio of the signal strength to the noise floor, which is the measure of the background noise or interference in the RF environment. The higher the SNR, the more robust and efficient the communication. The lower the SNR, the more prone and vulnerable to errors and retries.
An 802.11ac connection with a channel bandwidth of 80 MHz, an MCS of 9, two spatial streams, a short guard interval, and no beamforming can achieve a maximum data rate of 867 Mbps.
However, this data rate requires a minimum SNR of 30 dB to maintain a sufficient signal quality. If the signal strength is -84 dBm and the noise floor is -96 dBm, then the SNR is only 12 dB (-84 dBm - (-96 dBm) = 12 dB), which is far below the required SNR for this data rate. Therefore, the data rate will drop significantly to match the lower SNR and signal quality.
To solve this problem, the signal strength should be increased to improve the SNR and data rate.
This can be done by adjusting the output power or channel assignment of the AP or client, relocating or reorienting some APs or antennas to reduce attenuation or interference, updating or replacing some faulty or outdated hardware or software components, etc.


NEW QUESTION # 66
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