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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Value Methodology Overview | - Principles of Value Engineering / Value Analysis
|
| Job Plan Phases | - Creative Phase
|
| Professional Practice Requirements | - Value study facilitation - Project documentation and reporting |
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질문 # 85
How should the VM facilitator handle "conditionally accepted" VM proposals?
Choose 2 answers.
정답：A,D
설명：
A conditionally accepted VM proposal is not fully approved yet. It means the decision makers see value in the proposal, but acceptance depends on certain changes, clarifications, added data, or further review. Therefore, the facilitator should first identify the modifications required for acceptance . This creates a clear action path and prevents the proposal from being wrongly recorded as fully approved.
The facilitator should also ask decision makers for the timing of the final decision . In VM reporting and implementation follow-up, unresolved proposals must have ownership, required actions, and a decision schedule. Without a timing commitment, conditionally accepted proposals can remain open and lose implementation momentum.
Option B is incorrect because a conditionally accepted proposal is not the same as an accepted proposal.
Listing it as accepted would misrepresent the decision status. Option D is weaker because the facilitator should not merely list deficiencies; the correct VM approach is to convert concerns into specific required modifications and next steps.
References/topics: Presentation Phase; Decision Documentation; Proposal Disposition; Implementation Planning; VM Facilitator Responsibilities.
질문 # 86
Which of the following actions should be taken to develop a comprehensive and effective VM study report?
Choose 2 answers.
정답：A,C
설명：
The correct answers are A. List VM proposals developed and C. Focus the report on the major VM proposals .
In the Presentation Phase, the VM study report must document the results of the study in a clear, decision- oriented format. The report should identify the VM proposals developed during the Development Phase, including the recommended change, basis of comparison, cost effect, value improvement, advantages, disadvantages, and implementation considerations. Listing the developed proposals gives decision makers a complete record of the team's actionable outputs.
However, an effective report should not become a raw archive of every discussion, idea, or technical detail. It should focus attention on the major VM proposals that offer meaningful value improvement and require management review or approval. This aligns with the Presentation Phase purpose: to communicate developed alternatives clearly and obtain concurrence for implementation.
Option B is less appropriate because the methodology may be summarized, but an overly detailed methodology section can distract from the proposals and decisions required. Option D is incorrect because technical terminology should be controlled and audience-appropriate; excessive jargon weakens communication.
References/topics: Presentation Phase; VM Study Report; Development Phase; VM Proposals; Decision- Maker Communication.
질문 # 87
SMART stands for
정답：A
설명：
The correct answer is F: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Timebound . In Value Methodology, SMART thinking is used to make recommendations, implementation actions, objectives, and follow-up responsibilities clear enough to be managed. A VM proposal or implementation action should not be vague, general, or open-ended. It must state exactly what is to be done, how success will be measured, whether the action can realistically be achieved, how it supports the study objective or project need, and when it must be completed.
"Specific" requires a clear action or target. "Measurable" means the result can be checked through cost, performance, schedule, quality, or other defined criteria. "Attainable" confirms that the action is practical within available resources and constraints. "Relevant" ensures alignment with the value study objectives, functions, and stakeholder requirements. "Timebound" creates accountability through a completion date or defined time frame.
The incorrect options replace key SMART terms with weaker or incorrect words such as Standards , Accountable , or Reasonable . These may be useful concepts in management, but they do not form the standard SMART acronym used in VM action planning.
References/topics: Implementation Phase; VM Action Planning; Proposal Follow-Up; Performance Objectives; VM Programs.
질문 # 88
What are typical examples of evaluation criteria used for a business process study during the Evaluation Phase?
Choose 2 answers.
정답：A,C
설명：
The correct answers are A. Efficiency and D. Scalability . In the Evaluation Phase, the VM team uses structured criteria to screen and rank creative ideas based on their ability to improve value while still delivering the required functions. SAVE's Value Methodology Standard defines VM as a systematic process used by a multidisciplinary team to improve value through function analysis, and it confirms that VM applies not only to products and construction projects but also to business procedures, services, manufacturing processes, and business plans . ( ) For a business process study , typical evaluation criteria focus on how well an alternative improves process performance. Efficiency is a primary criterion because business-process alternatives are commonly judged by cycle time, resource use, duplication reduction, workflow simplification, and productivity. Scalability is also typical because the improved process should remain effective as transaction volume, users, locations, or organizational complexity increase.
Environmental impact may be valid in sustainability-driven studies, construction, or product/process engineering, but it is not a typical core criterion for a general business-process VM study. Maintenance is more typical for physical assets, facilities, equipment, or technical systems. The Evaluation Phase specifically selects ideas that offer value improvement while considering performance requirements and resource limits. ( ) References/topics: Evaluation Phase; Business Process Study; Evaluation Criteria; ; Scalability; Value Improvement.
질문 # 89
Which of the following are balanced scorecard perspectives?
Choose 2 answers.
정답：B,C
설명：
The correct answers are A. Cost and D. Innovation . In the CVS/Value Methodology program-management context, a balanced scorecard is used to measure organizational or program performance from more than one viewpoint, rather than judging success only by a single financial result. The traditional balanced scorecard framework includes financial, customer, internal process, and innovation/learning perspectives. Kaplan and Norton's original balanced scorecard concept includes an innovation and learning perspective, which makes Innovation a direct match. ( Harvard Business Review ) Cost is also acceptable because it represents the financial perspective of the scorecard. Financial measures commonly include cost, profit, expense control, return, and other resource-based measures. ACCA explains the financial perspective as measuring traditional financial performance, including costs and related financial indicators. ( ACCA Global ) Design is incorrect because it is a technical or product-development activity, not a balanced scorecard perspective. Marketing is also incorrect because it may support customer strategy, but the actual scorecard perspective is normally called the customer perspective , not marketing. Therefore, the best two answers from the given options are Cost and Innovation .
References/topics: VM Programs; Balanced Scorecard; Financial/Cost Perspective; Innovation and Learning Perspective; Program Performance Measurement.
질문 # 90
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