ISO-14001-Lead-Auditor復習解答例 & ISO-14001-Lead-Auditor資格トレーニング

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PECB ISO-14001-Lead-Auditor 認定試験の出題範囲：

トピック	出題範囲
トピック 1	環境管理システムの要件: このセクションでは、監査コンサルタントが ISO 14001 の特定の要件を解釈して適用する能力を評価します。組織の状況、リーダーシップ、計画、サポート、運用、パフォーマンス評価など、規格の構造を理解することに重点を置いています。
トピック 2	環境マネジメントシステムの基本原則と概念：このセクションでは、EMS監査員の基礎知識を評価し、環境持続可能性、継続的改善、プロセスアプローチといった主要原則を網羅します。環境マネジメントシステムがビジネス全体のパフォーマンスと規制遵守にどのように貢献するかについての理解度を評価します。
トピック 3	監査の基本概念と原則：このセクションでは、EMS監査員が誠実性、公正な提示、専門家としての正当な注意、証拠に基づく評価といった中核的な監査原則を理解しているかどうかを評価します。監査員がこれらの原則を監査プロセスにおいて一貫して適用できることを保証します。
トピック 4	ISO 14001 監査の実施: この部分では、会議の開催、監査証拠の収集、担当者へのインタビュー、ISO 14001 標準に従った調査結果の文書化など、監査を実行する際の EMS 監査人の実践的なスキルをテストします。
トピック 5	ISO 14001監査プログラムの管理：この試験セクションでは、EMS監査員が監査プログラム全体を管理できる能力を評価します。これには、組織およびコンプライアンス目標に沿った監査プログラムの計画、実施、監視、そして継続的な改善が含まれます。
トピック 6	ISO 14001監査の終了：この領域は、監査終了プロセスにおける監査コンサルタントの責任に焦点を当てています。これには、指摘事項の評価、監査結論の準備、終了会議の開催、そして結果の適切な報告と伝達の確保が含まれます。

>> ISO-14001-Lead-Auditor復習解答例 <<

ISO-14001-Lead-Auditor資格トレーニング、ISO-14001-Lead-Auditor日本語版復習資料

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PECB Certified EMS ISO 14001 Lead Auditor Exam 認定 ISO-14001-Lead-Auditor 試験問題 (Q22-Q27):

質問 # 22
Mobile Shine Co. is an organisation that provides mobile car cleaning services at customers ' premises. It has been certified to ISO 14001 for some time and has appointed a new EMS Manager. The audit plan for a surveillance audit from the certification body includes the continual improvement, and the auditor requests the most recent minutes from the management review meeting.
Which six statements would represent output audit evidence for the management review?

A. Report of performance of EMS objectives in the last year.
B. Updated environmental signs in the production facility.
C. Changes in the EMS documentation.
D. Staff feedback on environmental risks.
E. Changes to the significant environmental aspects.
F. Decisions related to continual improvement opportunities.
G. Allocation of a bigger budget for the EMS department.
H. Plan to prioritise environmental improvement as a business strategy.
I. Minutes of previous management reviews.
J. Procurement of new spill kits for operators.

正解：B、C、F、G、H、J

解説：
In accordance with ISO 14001:2015 Clause 9.3 (Management Review), management review outputs must include decisions and actions related to continual improvement opportunities, needed changes to the environmental management system, implications for the strategic direction of the organization, and resource allocations.
The six selected options represent direct outcomes, actions, and decisions resulting from top management evaluation during a management review:
* Decisions related to continual improvement opportunities (Option A): Mandated management review output under Clause 9.3.
* Changes in the EMS documentation (Option B): Decisions regarding system updates and documentation modifications under Clause 9.3.
* Plan to prioritise environmental improvement as a business strategy (Option E): Direct alignment of EMS direction with top management strategic business planning.
* Allocation of a bigger budget for the EMS department (Option H): Decision on needed resources to support management system effectiveness.
* Procurement of new spill kits for operators (Option I): Specific operational action item and resource provision decided by leadership.
* Updated environmental signs in the production facility (Option J): Action item determined by top management to address operational controls and awareness.
Conversely, Option C (Report of performance of EMS objectives), Option D (Changes to significant aspects), Option F (Minutes of previous reviews), and Option G (Staff feedback) represent inputs to the management review process rather than decisions/outputs resulting from it.
References: ISO 14001:2015 Clause 9.3 (Management Review - Inputs and Outputs), Annex A.9.3, and CQI-IRCA ISO 14001 Lead Auditor Curriculum (Evaluating Management Review Records).

質問 # 23
An auditor of a catering services organisation reviews the environmental objectives set by top management.
One objective, set over one year before, requires waste materials to be separated for recycling. After further auditing, the auditor finds evidence that waste materials were not being separated for recycling as required and raises a nonconformity. The Catering Manager comments that staff members themselves are to blame for not taking proper care with the bins.
Which three of the following actions would be described as part of the ' correction ' by the organisation in dealing with the nonconformity?

A. The Catering Manager sends an email to every employee to remind them of the environmental objective.
B. The General Manager orders that all bins are checked immediately, and all mixed waste is separated.
C. The General Manager halts the disposal of all waste from the organisation until disposals are correctly separated for recycling.
D. The Catering Manager creates an online quiz for staff to test their knowledge of which bins should be used for specific waste items.
E. The General Manager informs the personnel that he will check all bins every morning, for the next 3 days.
F. Waste bins for separated materials are colour-coded to make them easier to identify.
G. The office supervisor asks staff members to separate the waste in the bins identified by the auditor.
H. The Human Resources manager contracts an expert to promote awareness among the personnel.

正解：B、C、G

解説：
In accordance with ISO 14001:2015 Clause 10.2 (Nonconformity and corrective action) and ISO 19011 Clause 3.20, a correction is defined as an immediate action taken to eliminate a detected nonconformity or to contain/fix its existing impacts. This is distinct from a corrective action , which targets root causes to prevent recurrence.
* Option A: Immediately checking bins and manually sorting/separating the unsegregated waste directly fixes the existing condition of nonconformity on site (immediate correction).
* Option E: Directing staff members to immediately separate the unsegregated waste in the specific problem bins identified during the audit acts directly to rectify the existing error (immediate correction).
* Option F: Temporarily halting waste disposal operations until all current waste streams are properly sorted contains the problem and prevents unsegregated waste from leaving the facility improperly (containment/correction).
Conversely, Options B, C, D, G, and H represent corrective actions , system improvements, or ongoing monitoring measures (e.g., training quizzes, bin colour-coding, awareness campaigns, management reminders) engineered to address the underlying root cause (lack of staff awareness/care) and prevent future recurrence across the organization.
References: ISO 14001:2015 Clause 10.2 (Nonconformity and corrective action), ISO 19011:2018 Clause
3.20 (Correction definition), and CQI-IRCA ISO 14001 Lead Auditor Curriculum (Distinguishing Corrections from Corrective Actions).

質問 # 24
CleanHavenServices is a national dry cleaning and laundry organisation with 50 shops. You are conducting an EMS surveillance audit of the Head Office and are sampling environmental performance measurements. You find that all failures to meet compliance criteria originate from five shops in the same region. Most of these failures relate to the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which exceed regulatory limits. The Environmental Manager tells you that these are the oldest shops in the organisation. He states that the cleaning equipment needs replacing, but the organisation cannot afford it now. He was instructed six months ago by Head Office to stop monitoring the air quality in the five shops.
On raising the matter with senior management, you are told that there are environmental objectives to replace the equipment in these shops over the next five years, which will eventually solve the problem.
After further auditing, you raised four nonconformities against ISO 14001.
Based on the scenario, select the four options which best describe the evidence for raising such nonconformities.

A. The management failed in planning to replace obsolete equipment which damages the environment.
B. Shop managers were told to ventilate the laundry area and ignore the pungent odour of the Volatile Organic Compounds.
C. The release of Volatile Organic Compounds exceeding regulatory limits did not align with the organisation ' s environmental policy to protect the environment.
D. The organisation failed to improve its environmental performance when monitoring of air quality in five shops was terminated.
E. No action was taken when the earlier sampling of air quality showed regulatory limits being exceeded.
F. The senior management was unaware that future regulations will likely ban the use of Volatile Organic Compounds in dry cleaning processes.
G. The organisation failed to adequately control the laundry operations in five shops and produced greenhouse gases exceeding regulatory limits.
H. The organisation does not measure Volatile Organic Compound emission levels to determine whether environmental regulatory limits were being met.

正解：C、D、E、H

解説：
In accordance with ISO 14001:2015, audit findings must be backed by verifiable objective evidence mapping directly to core clauses of the standard.
* Option A (Clause 5.2 Environmental Policy): Discharging VOCs above regulatory thresholds violates the policy commitments to compliance obligations and prevention of pollution/protection of the environment.
* Option B (Clause 10.3 Continual Improvement): Deliberately stopping air quality monitoring in non- compliant facilities undermines environmental evaluation and represents a failure to drive continual performance improvement.
* Option E (Clause 9.1.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation & Clause 9.1.2 Evaluation of compliance): Head Office specifically instructing the manager to cease measuring VOC levels prevents the organization from evaluating compliance against legal regulatory limits.
* Option H (Clause 10.2 Nonconformity and corrective action & Clause 6.1.3 Compliance obligations): Ignoring established sampling data showing breach of legal limits without taking prompt corrective action constitutes a severe compliance and corrective action nonconformity.
Option C is incorrect because VOC emissions relate to localized hazardous emissions and air quality limits rather than greenhouse gas regulations. Option D is incorrect because future hypothetical bans are speculative context rather than evidence of a nonconformity. Option F is incorrect because long-term equipment lifecycle planning itself is an operational decision, whereas failing to remediate non-compliance is the finding. Option G is unverified speculation not supported by the scenario text.
References: ISO 14001:2015 Clauses 5.2 (Environmental Policy), 6.1.3 (Compliance Obligations), 9.1.1/9.1.2 (Monitoring and Compliance Evaluation), 10.2 (Corrective Action), and CQI-IRCA ISO 14001 Lead Auditor Curriculum (Grading Audit Findings).

質問 # 25
When an organisation needs to determine the resources required for the internal audit programme, which one of the following issues does not impact on the achievement of its intended results?

A. Availability of competent auditors and technical experts.
B. Availability of the necessary documented information.
C. Impact of different time zones.
D. Access by the audit program manager to the competence records of the Environmental Management System (EMS) Manager.

正解：D

解説：
The correct answer is A .
When determining resources for an audit programme, the organisation should consider issues that directly affect the ability to plan, conduct, report, and follow up audits effectively. Relevant resource considerations include the availability of competent auditors and technical experts , the impact of different time zones , and the availability of necessary documented information .
A). Access by the audit program manager to the competence records of the EMS Manager - Not required The EMS Manager's competence records may be relevant as part of EMS competence evidence during an audit, but access to those records is not a specific resource requirement for managing the internal audit programme . The audit programme manager needs to ensure auditor competence, audit resources, audit methods, timing, and information availability-not specifically the EMS Manager's competence file.
B). Availability of competent auditors and technical experts - Relevant Audits can only achieve reliable results when the audit team has the right competence and technical knowledge.
C). Impact of different time zones - Relevant
This can affect scheduling, remote audits, interviews, communication, and availability of personnel.
D). Availability of the necessary documented information - Relevant
Auditors need access to procedures, records, compliance evidence, operational controls, monitoring data, and other EMS documented information to collect audit evidence.
Therefore, the issue that does not impact the intended results of the internal audit programme is A .

質問 # 26
An oil organisation has a natural gas treatment plant on land crossed by several small rivers. On one particular day, after heavy rainfall for 48 hours, some of those rivers burst their banks and flooded the water treatment facilities of the plant. The oil-contaminated water reached some scarcely populated areas nearby.
Soon after, an internal audit was carried out to particularly analyse this event that was considered a nonconformity. There were no records of such heavy rainfall in the past 200 years.
Which three of the following actions are 'corrections'?

A. Reinforce the riverbanks with cement
B. Clean up the houses of the persons affected
C. Clean up the affected land
D. Build up some additional protection to the water treatment plant
E. Send the contaminated land for processing
F. Offer loans to the persons affected to build new houses far from the plant
G. Revise the existing emergency plan
H. Relocate the water treatment plant to lower ground

正解：B、C、E

質問 # 27
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