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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Job Plan Phases | - Creative Phase
|
| Value Methodology Overview | - Principles of Value Engineering / Value Analysis
|
| Professional Practice Requirements | - Value study facilitation - Project documentation and reporting |
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問題 #15
What is needed most for a successful VM program?
答案：D
解題說明：
The correct answer is A. Upper management commitment . A successful VM program is not sustained by technique alone. It requires organizational authority, visible sponsorship, resources, and follow-through from senior leadership. The SAVE International material identifies the Value Program Manager as reporting to a General Manager or member of Executive Staff , which shows that a VM program must be connected to senior management rather than treated as an isolated technical activity. ( UW Courses ) Following the VM Job Plan is essential for conducting a valid value study, but a Job Plan does not by itself create organizational adoption. Having trained staff is also important, but trained people cannot maintain a program without executive support, project selection, funding, management expectations, and implementation authority. Awareness of laws and standards helps compliance, but it is not the main driver of program success.
Upper management commitment ensures VM is accepted as part of the organization's normal decision- making process. It gives the program credibility, secures participation from departments, removes barriers, and supports implementation of accepted proposals. SAVE's Study Guide also recognizes VM as an organizational effort used to stimulate innovation and improve performance, which requires management- level support. ( ) References/topics: VM Programs; Management Commitment; Value Program Manager; Organizational Support; VM Program Success.
問題 #16
Which of the following are the purposes of function analysis?
Choose 4 answers.
答案：A,B,E,F
問題 #17
Which of the following methods should the VM facilitator utilize during the Creativity Phase using discursive creativity techniques?
Choose 2 answers.
答案：C,D
解題說明：
The correct answers are C. Break problems into sub-problems and D. Utilize mind-mapping techniques to visualize connections . In the Creativity Phase, the VM team generates alternative ways to perform the selected functions. SAVE's VM guidance describes this phase as a quantity-focused idea-generation activity where ideas are developed without judgment, habit, assumed restrictions, or premature feasibility screening. ( UW Courses ) Discursive creativity techniques are structured, logical, and systematic. They help the team move through the problem deliberately rather than relying only on spontaneous brainstorming. Breaking problems into sub- problems is appropriate because it allows the facilitator to separate a complex function, process, or constraint into smaller idea-generation targets. This improves coverage and prevents the team from treating the problem too broadly. Mind-mapping is also appropriate because it visually organizes relationships among functions, causes, ideas, constraints, and possible solution paths.
Option A is incorrect because focusing on the most feasible ideas belongs to the Evaluation Phase , not Creativity. Option B is a useful facilitation rule, but it is not specifically a discursive creativity technique.
References/topics: Creativity Phase; Discursive Creativity Techniques; Idea Generation; Function-Based Alternatives; Evaluation Phase Boundary.
問題 #18
Carpet and vinyl tile are acceptable alternatives for an owner to cover 1,000 square meters of floor.
Carpet
Installation cost, including pad = $30 / square meter
Service life = 10 years
Maintenance cost: vacuum weekly = $500 / month
Maintenance cost: shampoo once per year = $3,000 / shampoo
Vinyl
Installation cost, including pad = $10 / square meter
Service life = 15 years
Maintenance cost: vacuum weekly = $400 / month
Maintenance cost: strip and wax once per month = $1,000 / strip and wax What is the initial cost of the carpet ?
答案：D
解題說明：
The correct answer is A. $30,000 . The question asks only for the initial cost of the carpet, not its annual maintenance cost, life-cycle cost, present worth, or equivalent annual cost. In SAVE terminology, initial cost means the first expenditure required to acquire, produce, construct, or install the project, product, or process.
The SAVE VM Dictionary identifies initial cost as the initial expenditure of resources and also treats it as interchangeable with capital cost. It separately defines life-cycle cost as the sum of initial cost, recurrent annual cost, single expenditures, and disposal or salvage value over a defined period. Therefore, the maintenance costs and service-life data are distractors for this specific calculation.
The carpet covers 1,000 square meters , and the installation cost is $30 per square meter . The calculation is:
1,000 × $30 = $30,000
Options B, C, and D incorrectly imply that additional costs have been added to the initial installation cost. In the Evaluation Phase, CVS candidates must identify the cost category being requested before performing the calculation. SAVE's VM Standard places structured evaluation after creativity to compare alternatives while considering performance requirements and resource limits.
References/topics: Evaluation Phase; Initial Cost; Capital Cost; Life-Cycle Cost Analysis; Cost Classification.
問題 #19
Which of the following are key elements of a risk register?
Choose 2 answers.
答案：B,C
解題說明：
The correct answers are B and D . A risk register is used to document, organize, and evaluate risks so that the VM team can understand how uncertainty may affect proposed alternatives. The two essential risk-register elements shown in the choices are probability of occurrence and impact on the scope . Probability identifies how likely the risk is to happen. Impact identifies what the consequence will be if the risk occurs, including possible effects on scope, cost, schedule, quality, performance, implementation, or stakeholder acceptance.
In the VM Job Plan, risk thinking becomes especially important when ideas move from creativity into evaluation and development. At that point, alternatives are no longer just possibilities; they must be tested for feasibility, consequences, and implementation exposure. A risk with high probability and high impact demands more attention than one with low probability and minor impact.
Option A, performance criteria , is related to evaluation criteria, not a core risk-register field. Option C, function of the risk , is not a standard risk-register element. Functions belong to Function Analysis and are normally expressed in verb-noun format, while risks are documented as uncertain events or conditions.
References/topics: Evaluation Phase; Development Phase; Risk Register; Risk Probability; Risk Impact; VM Proposal Screening.
問題 #20
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