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NEW QUESTION # 79
Refer to the exhibit.
A partial cloud topology is shown.
You deployed a FortiGate Cloud-Native Firewall (CNF) in AWS for FortiGate CNF policy enforcement for EC2 instance traffic. Which path does the EC2 traffic take from the EC2 instance to the internet?
Answer: A
Explanation:
FortiGate CNF in AWS uses a Gateway Load Balancer endpoint (GWLBe) in the protected VPC to steer workload traffic toward the FortiGate CNF service for inspection. The EC2 instance does not send traffic directly to the internet gateway first, and the CNF is not placed inline as a normal VM firewall inside the EC2 subnet. Instead, AWS routing sends the EC2 traffic to the relevant GWLBe.
The traffic is then forwarded to FortiGate CNF, where security policies are evaluated and enforced. If the traffic is allowed, it is returned to the same GWLBe and then continues toward the internet gateway. Therefore, the correct traffic path is EC2 instance # GWLBe # FortiGate CNF # GWLBe # IGW # internet.
NEW QUESTION # 80
Refer to the exhibit.
The exhibit shows the FortiGuard Category Based Filter section of a corporate web filter profile. An administrator must block access to download.com, which belongs to the Freeware and Software Downloads category. The administrator must also allow other websites in the same category. What are two solutions for satisfying the requirement? (Choose two answers)
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
"In FortiOS, there are three main components of web filtering:
* Web content filtering...
* URL filtering: uses URLs and URL patterns to block or exempt web pages from specific sources...
* FortiGuard Web Filtering service..."
"In the web filter profile, Fortiguard category filtering enhances the web filter features. Rather than block or allow websites individually, it looks at the category that a website has been rated with. Then, FortiGate takes action based on that category, not based on the URL."
"If you consider that a particular URL does not have the correct category, you can ask to re-evaluate the rating in the Fortinet URL Rating Submission website. You can also override a web rating for an exceptional URL in the FortiGate configuration."
"Static URL filtering is another web filter feature, which provides more granularity. Configured URLs in the URL filter are checked from top to bottom against the visited websites. If FortiGate finds a match, it applies the configured action."
"To find the exact match, URL filtering has three pattern types: Simple, Regular Expressions, and Wildcard."
"So, with these different features, what is the inspection order? If you have enabled many of them, the inspection order flows as follows:
The local static URL filter
FortiGuard category filtering..."
Technical Deep Dive:
The correct answers are A and B.
A is correct because a static URL filter gives per-URL granularity. Since the category Freeware and Software Downloads is currently allowed in the profile, adding a local static URL filter entry for download.com with Block lets FortiGate deny only that site while continuing to allow the rest of the category. This also aligns with the documented inspection order, where the local static URL filter is checked before FortiGuard category filtering.
B is also correct because a web rating override can reclassify a specific exceptional URL. If download.com is re-rated into a blocked category such as Malicious Websites, it will be blocked by the profile while other sites in Freeware and Software Downloads remain allowed.
Why the others are wrong:
C is not the intended web-filter solution. A firewall policy with an FQDN object operates at policy/routing resolution level, not as a category-aware web filtering exception.
D is wrong because changing the whole category to Warning affects all sites in that category, not just download.com.
In production, the cleaner design is usually: keep the category allowed, then add a local URL-filter exception or a web-rating override for the specific site. For HTTPS traffic, remember FortiGate still needs enough SSL inspection visibility to identify the hostname correctly. A representative CLI approach for URL filtering is:
config webfilter urlfilter
edit 1
config entries
edit 1
set url "download.com"
set type wildcard
set action block
next
end
next
end
This is the most deterministic way to block one site without penalizing the rest of the category.
NEW QUESTION # 81
You have configured the FortiGate device for FSSO. A user is successful in log-in to Windows, but their access to the internet is denied. What should the administrator check first? (Choose one answer)
Answer: A
Explanation:
"FSSO is a software agent that enables FortiGate to identify network users for security policies or for VPN access, without asking for their username and password. When a user logs in to a directory service, the FSSO agent sends FortiGate the username, the IP address, and the list of groups that the user belongs to. FortiGate uses this information to maintain a local database of usernames, IP addresses, and group mappings."
"To display the list of FSSO users that are currently logged in, use the CLI command diagnose debug authd fsso list. For each user, the user name, user group, IP address, and the name of the workstation from which they logged in shows."
"You can monitor users who authenticate through your firewall policies using the Dashboard > Assets & Identities > Firewall Users page. It displays the user, user group, duration, IP address, traffic volume, and authentication method." Technical Deep Dive:
The first thing to verify is whether FortiGate has actually learned the user correctly in its FSSO active users table, especially the user-to-IP mapping. FSSO enforcement is identity-based, but the real-time match on live traffic still depends on FortiGate associating the traffic's source IP with the authenticated Windows user. If that mapping is missing, stale, or tied to the wrong IP because of DHCP changes, DNS update lag, or collector-agent timing, the firewall policy match can fail even though the user successfully logged in to Windows.
That is why C is the best first check.
A may be the next thing to verify if the user is present but still denied, but first you must confirm the user is even present in the FSSO table with the correct IP.
B is unrelated to the initial FSSO identity-mapping problem.
D is less likely because the Windows logon already succeeded.
Useful checks:
diagnose debug authd fsso list
diagnose debug authd fsso server-status
execute fsso refresh
These commands confirm whether FortiGate has the user, group, and IP mapping needed for policy matching.
NEW QUESTION # 82
Refer to the exhibits.
A diagram of a FortiGate device connected to the network VIP object and firewall policy configurations are shown.
The WAN (port2) interface has the IP address
100.65.0.101/24.
The LAN (port4) interface has the IP address
10.0.11.254/24.
If the host 100.65.1.111 sends a TCP SYN packet on port 443 to 100.65.0.200. what will the source address, destination address, and destination port of the packet be at the time FortiGate forwards the packet to the destination?
Answer: B
Explanation:
From the exhibits:
A VIP named VIP-WEB-SERVER is configured on WAN (port2) with:
External IP: 100.65.0.200
Mapped (internal) IP: 10.0.11.50
Port forwarding enabled (TCP)
External service port: 443
Map to IPv4 port: 4443
The inbound firewall policy Web_Server_Access is:
From WAN (port2) to LAN (port4)
Destination: VIP-WEB-SERVER
Service: HTTPS
NAT: Disabled (meaning no source NAT is applied)
What happens to the packet
A host 100.65.1.111 sends TCP SYN dst-port 443 to 100.65.0.200.
When FortiGate matches the VIP and forwards traffic to the internal server, FortiGate performs destination NAT (DNAT) based on the VIP:
Source IP is unchanged because policy NAT is disabled:
Source remains 100.65.1.111
Destination IP is translated by the VIP:
Destination becomes 10.0.11.50
Destination port is translated by the VIP port-forward:
Destination port becomes 4443
Therefore, at the time FortiGate forwards the packet to the destination (internal server), it will be:
Source address: 100.65.1.111
Destination address: 10.0.11.50
Destination port: 4443
NEW QUESTION # 83
Refer to the exhibits. The exhibits show the system performance output and default configuration of high memory usage thresholds on a FortiGate device.
Based on the system performance output, what are the two possible outcomes? (Choose two.)
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
FG enters conserve mode at 88% by default, at which point you can't make configuration changes. Also, without additional config, FG will drop sessions that require inspection. At 95%, all new sessions are dropped.
NEW QUESTION # 84
......
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