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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Tunneling Technologies | - IP tunneling
|
| Layer 3 Routing Fundamentals | - Routing concepts
|
| Layer 2 Security | - Switch security features
|
| Layer 2 Switching | - VLANs and trunking
|
| High Availability | - Junos HA features
|
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NEW QUESTION # 71
Which statement about aggregate routes is correct?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Aggregate routes are used for advertising summarized network prefixes. They help minimize the number of routing tables in an IP network by consolidating selected multiple routes into a single route advertisement. This approach is in contrast to non-aggregation routing, in which every routing table contains a unique entry for each route.
Therefore, option D is correct. Options A, B, and C are not correct because:
Aggregate routes can be used with both static routing and dynamic routing protocols. Aggregate routes are not automatically generated for all of the subnets in a routing table. They need to be manually configured.
Aggregate routes are not always preferred over more specific routes. The route selection process in Junos OS considers several factors, including route preference and metric, before determining the active route.
NEW QUESTION # 72
Which two statements about BGP facilitate the prevention of routing loops within an autonomous system?
(Choose two.)
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
BGP has a simple loop prevention mechanism for eBGP that checks the AS path for its own AS number.
However, this mechanism does not work for iBGP, since all routers in the same AS have the same AS number. Therefore, iBGP has two additional rules to prevent routing loops within an autonomous system:
A router does not advertise a route learned from an iBGP neighbor to another iBGP neighbor. This rule ensures that a route does not loop back to the original iBGP router through another iBGP path.
A router does not accept a route learned from an iBGP neighbor if the next hop is not reachable via an IGP.
This rule ensures that a router does not forward packets to an unreachable next hop.
These two rules imply that iBGP sessions must be configured as a logical full mesh, meaning that every iBGP router must have a direct iBGP session with every other iBGP router in the same AS. This way, every iBGP router can learn the best route from the eBGP routers and use the IGP to reach the next hop. A logical full mesh does not require a physical full mesh, meaning that iBGP routers do not have to be directly connected.
They can use intermediate routers to establish iBGP sessions, as long as the IGP can reach the next hop.
A logical full mesh can be challenging to scale and maintain, especially for large ASes with many iBGP routers. Therefore, some alternatives to the full mesh requirement have been developed, such as route reflectors and confederations. These alternatives relax the iBGP rules and introduce additional attributes and mechanisms to prevent routing loops, such as originator ID and cluster list. References:
BGP Fundamentals
BGP - eBGP loop prevention mechanism same AS number
Loop Prevention in BGP Routing
NEW QUESTION # 73
Referring to the exhibit, which three statements are correct? (Choose three.)
Answer: A,C,D
Explanation:
According to the Juniper documentation 1 , the output of the show vlans command displays the forwarding options for the VLAN, including the DHCP security features. In the exhibit, the output shows that DHCP security is enabled, and that ARP inspection and IP source guard are also enabled. These features work together to protect the switch from IP spoofing and ARP spoofing attacks. DHCP snooping builds a database of IP/MAC bindings by snooping DHCP messages. ARP inspection validates ARP packets against the DHCP snooping database and drops invalid packets. IP source guard checks the IP and MAC source addresses of packets against the DHCP snooping database and drops spoofed packets 2 3 . Therefore, the correct answer is A, B, and C.
The other options are not correct because:
* D. The DHCP snooping database is not protected by default. To protect the database from corruption or loss, you need to configure a file name and a location for storing the database, and enable periodic write operations to the file 4 . The exhibit does not show any such configuration.
* E. DHCP snooping is not enabled for IPv6 traffic by default. To enable DHCPv6 snooping, you need to configure a DHCPv6 relay agent and specify the trusted interfaces for DHCPv6 messages 5 . The exhibit does not show any such configuration.
References: show vlans | Junos OS , Understanding and Using DHCP Snooping | Junos OS , Understanding and Using Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI) | Junos OS , Protecting the DHCP Snooping Database | Junos OS
, Understanding and Using DHCPv6 Snooping | Junos OS
NEW QUESTION # 74
You are combining two existing interfaces into a single LAG interface, but you do not see the LAG interface being created. Which two actions are required to solve this problem? (Choose two.)
Answer: C,D
NEW QUESTION # 75
Exhibit.
You want to enable redundancy for the EBGP peering between the two routers shown in the exhibit. Which three actions will you perform in this scenario? (Choose three.)
Answer: A,D,E
Explanation:
* A is correct because you need to configure BGP multihop to enable redundancy for the EBGP peering between the two routers. BGP multihop is a feature that allows BGP peers to establish a session over multiple hops, instead of requiring them to be directly connected 1 . By default, EBGP peers use a time- to-live (TTL) value of 1 for their packets, which means that they can only reach adjacent neighbors 1
. However, if you configure BGP multihop with a higher TTL value, you can allow EBGP peers to communicate over multiple routers in between 1 . This can provide redundancy in case of a link failure or a router failure between the EBGP peers.
* B is correct because you need to configure loopback interface peering to enable redundancy for the EBGP peering between the two routers. Loopback interface peering is a technique that uses loopback interfaces as the source and destination addresses for BGP sessions, instead of physical interfaces 2
. Loopback interfaces are virtual interfaces that are always up and reachable as long as the router is operational 2 . By using loopback interface peering, you can avoid the dependency on a single physical interface or link for the BGP session, and use multiple paths to reach the loopback address of the peer 2
. This can provide redundancy and load balancing for the EBGP peering.
* C is correct because you need to configure routes for the peer loopback interface IP addresses to enable redundancy for the EBGP peering between the two routers. Routes for the peer loopback interface IP addresses are necessary to ensure that the routers can reach each other's loopback addresses over multiple hops 2 . You can use static routes or dynamic routing protocols to advertise and learn the routes for the peer loopback interface IP addresses 2 . Without these routes, the routers will not be able to establish or maintain the BGP session using their loopback interfaces.
NEW QUESTION # 76
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